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Biomedical subjects

B Jonsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Jonsson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Evaluation of in vitro sperm penetration testing of 176 infertile couples with the use of ejaculates and cervical mucus from donors.

One hundred seventy-six couples with an abnormal postcoital test were investigated with the use of a series of Kremer tests in which each partner was also tested with a donor. There was a significant difference in Kremer test results between healthy donors and the partners in infertile marriages. When each partner was tested with a donor, the scores of the male partners were poorer than the scores of the female partners. The crossed comparisons of semen and mucus from patients and donors indicated that male factors (e.g., sperm concentration and sperm motility) were related to a poor couple score in the infertile couples. The use of donor secretions also allowed identification of incompatible couples in whom the partners had excellent Kremer test results with the respective donors.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

Isokinetic plantar flexion endurance. Reliability and validity of output/excitation measurements.

The reliability and validity of isokinetic measurement of plantar flexion endurance has been studied by a method previously described by us which utilizes simultaneous measurements of mechanical contractional work (CW) and integrated electromyogram (iEMG). The reliability was gauged by test/re-test with a two year's interval; while validity was assessed by myoelectric power spectrum analyses. The output/input balance (CW/iEMG) remained unchanged for the group as well as inter-individually. Changes in myoelectric power spectrum as function of number of contractions were clearly indicative of fatigue. Under the present conditions fatigue of fast twitch motor units may explain the rapid decreases in output and excitation followed by nearly steady state levels of all registered parameters. As is the case for non-fatigued isokinetic plantar flexions, the motor unit recruitment order appears quite stereotyped during plantar flexion fatigue. The findings of significantly lower mean power spectrum during the first part of each contraction than during the second part may support the size-principle described by Henneman.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effect of caries-preventive measures in mothers on dental caries and the oral presence of the bacteria Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in their children.

Seventy-seven first-time mothers were selected on the basis of high salivary counts of Strep. mutans [greater than 10(6) c.f.u. (colony forming units) per ml saliva]; 40 mothers were in the control group and 37 in the test group. Their infants were 3-8 months of age at the start of the study. A prophylactic programme for the test mothers, aiming at a reduction of Strep. mutans, was repeated at intervals of 2-4 months as and when necessary until their children were 3 years old. The test mothers as a group showed approx. 10-fold fewer Strep. mutans during the test period. At the age of 3 years, 70 per cent of the children in the control group carried Strep. mutans, compared with 41 per cent in the test group (p less than 0.01). Fifty-two per cent of the children who carried Strep. mutans had caries at this age, compared to 3 per cent of the children without this organism. The time when Strep. mutans was first detected in the children seemed to influence subsequent development of caries because 77 per cent of the children who carried Strep. mutans at the age of 15 months had caries at the age of 3 years. Approximately 40 per cent of the children in both the control and the test group had detectable lactobacilli in their saliva at 3 years. In general, the children in the control group had more lactobacilli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Amputations in diabetic patients in Gotland and Umeå counties 1971-1980.

In two counties of Sweden, Gotland and Umeå, lower leg or thigh amputations were performed during 1971-1980 in 111 and 71 diabetic patients, respectively. These figures correspond to 20.5 and 6.5 per 100 000 inhabitants and year, respectively. The corresponding incidence for Umeå city and the rural area surrounding Umeå was 3.1 and 13.8/100 000 inhabitants and year, respectively. The lower frequency of amputations in Umeå was probably the consequence of a restricted period of systematic search for early signs of gangrene, as a part of a research program, but other factors could also be of importance and these are discussed. The death rate of the patients was high in both series, after 2 years only about one third of the patients were still alive.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Rate of progression of severity of valvular aortic stenosis.

Twenty-six patients with valvular aortic stenosis were followed up for an average period of 9 years after the initial evaluation when the valvular disease had been considered too mild for surgical treatment. The valve area was 0.7-1.9 (mean 1.2) cm2 at the first study and 0.3-2.0 (mean 0.9) cm2 at the second. The mean annual decrease was about 0.1 cm2 in ten and less in the remaining patients. Advanced age and low physical working capacity at the first investigation were associated with rapid progression of the severity of the stenosis, but rapid progression was not predictable. At follow-up the combination of 1) calcifications of the valve on chest X-ray, 2) low physical working capacity and 3) negative/biphasic T wave in V6 after exercise was present in 100% of the severe stenoses (much less than 0.6 cm2) and in 10% of the mild (much greater than 1.0 cm2). The rate of progression of valvular aortic stenosis in adults is usually slow, but moderate stenoses may become severe within a few years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Chest radiography and pulmonary mechanics in ventilator treated low birth weight infants.

Forty preterm infants treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation were examined with chest radiography and tests of lung mechanics soon after ventilator treatment was completed and again 5 to 15 months later. The results of the two examination modalities were compared and related to occurrence of respiratory tract infection during the first years of life.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Effect of caries preventive measures on Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in selected mothers.

Mothers of first-born babies were selected on the basis of high salivary counts of Streptococcus mutans. All experimental subjects were given a basic caries preventive program in order to decrease the level of S. mutans in saliva. The program included dietary counseling, which stressed the role of sucrose in the accumulation of S. mutans. The treatment was carried out in a public dental office. The effect of the treatment was assessed by microbiological examination of salivary levels of S. mutans and lactobacilli. A statistically significant reduction in both S. mutans and lactobacilli was found. The basic preventive program was effective in reducing the number of S. mutans below a selected threshold value of 300 000 CFU per ml saliva in 60% of the mothers. In the remaining subjects chlorhexidine treatment was required to suppress the salivary levels of S. mutans below this value.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1981

Rheumatic complaints among Swedish engine drivers in relation to the dimensions of the driver's cab in the Rc engine.

This paper compares the occurrence of rheumatic complaints among male engine drivers with their body measurements and with the dimensions of the cab in the Rc Swedish engine. 150 Swedish engine drivers were interviewed regarding symptoms from the musculoskeletal system. Relevant anthropometric measurements were obtained from each subject and compared with similar dimensions on a symptom free group of drivers matched for age. Data concerning the dimensions of the cab in the Rc engine were obtained from drawings and measurements of the cab. The results indicate that engine drivers with complaints in the lower back, neck and/or shoulders and/or the lower extremities were significantly shorter than controls in those anthropometric measurements related to correct sitting posture. Since the cab of the Rc engine is designed for tall engine drivers, the shorter driver appears to be at risk. Recommendations for cab designs suitable for all potential male and female drivers are appended.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Exercise testing: a prospective study of complication rates.

Twenty departments of clinical physiology in Sweden, doing annually 30,000 exercise stress tests, mainly of patients, completed a questionnaire regarding how they carried out exercise testing. Bicycle ergometry was predominantely used. The criteria for inclusion of patients for exercise testing and for interruption of the test were generally wide, allowing the patient to work until symptoms limited the test. In a second part of the investigation, the departments continuously reported all complications that occurred during an 18-month period which included 50,000 exercise tests. The complication rate was 18.4, the morbidity rate was 5.2, and the mortality rate was 0.4 per 10,000 tests. The number of complications leading to permanent damage was low and it could not be proved that the exercise test had induced a higher complication rate than otherwise would have occurred during the observation period. Patients with aortic stenosis had a high risk for complications. With adequate safety measures and a well-trained staff, exercise stress testing can be regarded as a safe method to be used in the evaluation of even very ill patients.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1979

Blood volume in angina pectoris.

Blood volume was measured in 60 consecutive male patients with disabling angina pectoris undergoing preoperative investigation for coronary bypass surgery. Of these patients, 58 had a lower blood volume than predicted. There was a decrease in blood volume of 21% (1.3 litres) from the predicted normal value (P less than 0.001). Seventeen per cent of the patients were on diuretics, 30% were on digitalis, and 48% were on beta-blocking drugs at the time of the study. There was no correlation between this medical treatment and the deviation in blood volume. In patients without signs of myocardial insufficiency the decrease in blood volume was most prominent, while in those with an enlarged heart and a raised left ventricular preload (at rest) the deviation was less.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Exercise testing in Sweden: a survey of procedures.

This report surveys the techniques of exercise testing of patients in twenty out of twenty-four (83%) Clinical Physiological Departments in Sweden. The study shows that bicycle ergometry is the predominant technique used. In the vast majority of hospitals, the standards of practice employed are high and adequate safety precautions are observed. However, criteria for exclusion from and interruption of exercise testing differ from one hospital to another. Limit values for heart rate, breathing frequency and blood pressure are by no means standardized. The criteria for distinguishing between normal and pathological electrocardiographic response vary. We conclude that in order to reduce complication rates and prevent accidents there is a need for further evaluations of the optimal use of exercise stress testing.

Blood Pressure↗