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Biomedical subjects

B Kromann-Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to B Kromann-Andersen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Xenon tissue/blood partition coefficient for pig urinary bladder.

In four landrace pigs the tissue/blood partition coefficient (lambda) for xenon (Xe) for the urinary bladder was calculated after chemical analysis for lipid, water and protein content and determination of the haematocrit. The coefficients varied from bladder to bladder owing to small differences in both the haematocrit and tissue composition. In Xe washout studies of the blood flow of the urinary bladder, we recommend calculating the lambda for Xe from the actual haematocrit and from the median value of tissue composition found in the present study.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Ofloxacin in urinary tract infections.

Ofloxacin belongs to a new generation of fluorinated quinolones which are structurally related to nalidixic acid. It is an orally or parenterally administered antibacterial drug active against most Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, many Gram-positive bacteria and some anaerobes. The pharmacokinetic profile or ofloxacin shows a rapid gastrointestinal absorption and high concentrations are achieved in most tissues and body fluids. Clinical efficacy of ofloxacin has been demonstrated in a variety of systemic infections as well as in acute and chronic urinary tract infections and ofloxacin has generally appeared to be at least as effective as comparative orally administered antibiotics. Ofloxacin is well tolerated and bacterial resistance does not appear to develop readily, however, noncritical use of quinolones in simple infections where standard drugs may be equally effective and safe should be discouraged. In conclusion, ofloxacin is an orally active drug which offers a valuable alternative to other broad spectrum antibacterial drugs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Sixteen years with the Danish Search and Rescue Helicopter Service.

The Danish helicopter rescue service in its present form was founded in 1966. The use of the Sikorsky (S-61) helicopter has generally been satisfactory. In 1973, the crew was supplemented by an aerospace-medically-educated and helicopter-trained physician. From 1973 to 1989 there were 5,733 missions, of which direct medical intervention occurred in 2075 cases; 94% of the missions supported the civilian public health service in Denmark. Many sorts of diseases and injuries have been seen, but especially trauma, abdominal, and cardiopulmonary diseases. Experience has shown the benefit of having a designated physician, specially trained in aerospace medicine and acute medicine/surgery, as a permanent crewmember.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1989

Analgesic effect and tolerance of Voltaren and Ketogan in acute renal or ureteric colic.

Fifty-six patients with renal or ureteric colic were entered into a randomised, prospective, double-blind investigation of the analgesic efficacy and tolerance of Voltaren versus Ketogan, both administered intramuscularly. There were no significant differences regarding pain-relief but side effects were fewer in patients treated with Voltaren.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between detrusor pressure and urinary flow rate in males with an intraurethral prostatic spiral.

Six patients with acute urinary retention and 2 with prostatic obstruction and urge incontinence were treated with an intraurethral prostatic spiral and underwent pressure-flow studies 51 days (median) later. Evaluation of pressure-flow parameters and pressure-flow plots by different methods gave conflicting results regarding the presence of infravesical obstruction; 6 patients showed no voiding symptoms and in 2 patients only moderate irritative symptoms remained. The spiral allowed unobstructed voiding and is a good alternative to an indwelling urethral catheter. We recommend insertion of a spiral in patients with urinary retention if the waiting period for TURP is long or if the patient is unfit for surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Ofloxacin compared with ciprofloxacin in the treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infections.

In a double-blind, double-dummy study 61 patients with structural or functional abnormalities of the urinary tract and verified infection were treated for 7 days with ofloxacin 100 mg bd or ciprofloxacin 250 mg bd by mouth. Of 62 isolated strains none was resistant to ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin in vitro. Nineteen patients (63%) in both groups were free from infection ten days after therapy. Clinical resolution of symptoms occurred in 83% in the ofloxacin group and 68% in the ciprofloxacin group. Adverse reactions were reported in four patients (6.5%), two with skin rash, one with gastrointestinal disturbance and one with influenza-like symptoms. This study demonstrates that ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are effective in the treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection.

Ciprofloxacin↗
PubMed1988

Clinical versus ultrasonographic evaluation of scrotal disorders.

Clinical and ultrasonographic examinations of scrotal disorders were compared in 166 patients in order to determine their ability to distinguish between those diseases requiring surgery and those requiring clinical follow-up only. Ultrasound examinations were efficient in discriminating between normal and pathological findings. Extra-testicular lesions were readily differentiated from testicular ones. Although both clinical and ultrasonographic examinations had high sensitivity (90%) in detecting testicular cancer, the number of false positive findings was smaller after ultrasound examination. This gave a predictive value of a positive test of 53% after ultrasound examination but only 33% after clinical examination. Ultrasound examination may, therefore, reduce the number of surgical explorations in the scrotum and should be performed in patients with suspected testicular pathology based on history and palpatory findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

No cytogenetic effects of quinolone treatment in humans.

Cytogenetic effects of ciprofloxacin (500 to 2,000 mg daily) and ofloxacin (200 mg daily) were studied in lymphocytes from 31 patients treated for 1 to 10 weeks. Blood samples for cytogenetic analysis were taken before the start of treatment from all patients, after 1 week from 25 patients, and after 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks from six patients. No chromosome-damaging effect could be demonstrated in any treatment group. The mean aberration yields for each cytogenetic parameter studied and the total number of aberrations were all normal at each sampling occasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Risk factors and prognosis after discharge for patients admitted because of suspected acute myocardial infarction with and without confirmed diagnosis.

The prognosis regarding cardiac events--acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or cardiac death after discharge--was evaluated in 257 patients admitted because of suspected AMI due to chest pain, but in whom AMI was not confirmed (non-AMI patients). The findings and patient prognoses were compared with those of 275 patients with confirmed AMI. All patients were younger than 76 years and free of severe chronic diseases, and no cause of chest pain other than possible ischemic heart disease was found. The patients were followed for cardiac events for 11 to 24 months (median 14). The prognoses for the non-AMI patients were significantly better than those for the AMI patients (p = 0.05). The proportion without a cardiac event after 1 year was estimated at 91% and 86%, respectively. In the non-AMI patients, angina pectoris, previous AMI and electrocardiographic changes on admission (intraventricular block and permanent or transient ST-T changes) were significant predictors of cardiac events by univariate and multivariate analysis. In the AMI patients, female gender, heart failure, previous AMI and angina pectoris were significant predictors of cardiac events by univariate analysis. With use of multivariate analysis, female gender, heart failure and angina pectoris were independent predictors of cardiac events. Thus, non-AMI patients admitted with chest pain have a high risk of cardiac events after discharge. The risk is highest when there is evidence of coronary artery disease (electrocardiographic changes on admission and angina pectoris or previous AMI.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Ventricular premature beats on Holter monitoring in patients admitted with chest pain, in whom acute myocardial infarction is not confirmed. The prognostic value and relationship to scars or ischemia on thallium-201 scintigraphy.

Ambulatory 24-h Holter monitoring was carried out in 198 patients who had been admitted because of suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to chest pain, but in whom AMI was not confirmed. During a follow-up period of 12-24 months (median 14 months) 16 cardiac events (i.e., nonfatal AMI or cardiac death) occurred. Ventricular premature beats (VPBs) were found in 65.2% of the patients, complex VPBs in 28.8%. Pairs of VPBs which were seen in 10.0% of the patients were the only important type of VPBs significantly related to an impaired prognosis. Thallium-201 scintigraphy was performed in 144 of the patients. VPBs were significantly related to scar formation (i.e., to permanent defects, but not to ischemia, specifically, to transient defects). It is concluded that ventricular arrhythmias in this patient category indicate presence of chronic ischemic heart disease, and that pairs of VPBs seem to identify patients at risk for cardiac events.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Detection of neutrophilocytes and NO2-producing bacteria in urine by dipstick BM-test-9.

A prospective study compared the detection of leucocytes and bacteria in urine with the dipstick test (presence of esterases in granulocytes and nitrite) to chamber counting of urine, microscopic examination of the urinary sediment, and urine culture. Examined were 174 urine specimens. The dipstick esterase test and the sediment count were almost equally sensitive in detecting leucocyturia. Using chamber count and a cut-off point of 10 or more leucocytes per cubic millimeter as denoting significant leucocyturia, the esterase test gave a predictive value for negative test (PV neg) of 75% and a predictive value for positive test (PV pos) of 96%. PV neg of the dipstick nitrite test was 78% and PV pos 100% in detecting bacteriuria (10(5) bacteria per milliliter). Combining the esterase test with the nitrite test did not increase PV neg. Our result was that the dipstick test seems to be a simple screening procedure for leucocyturia and bacteriuria. The test is suggested to replace the time-consuming microscopic examinations of urine for leucocytes. When the nitrite test is positive, routine urine culture may be omitted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Benign cystic lesions of the tunica albuginea.

We report 4 cases of benign testicular cysts arising from the tunica albuginea. A review of the literature yielded only 15 similar cases. The cysts appear in the anterior and lateral aspects of the testis, show ample connection to the albuginea and are lined by a cuboidal epithelium. Clinically, these cysts may be manifested as a tumour or painful swelling or are discovered incidentally. The possibility of a conservative surgical approach is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of ofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in complicated urinary tract infections.

Ofloxacin was administered to 18 patients and ciprofloxacin to 17 patients suffering from acute or chronic complicated urinary tract infections. Patients received doses of 100 mg ofloxacin, b.i.d., or 250 mg ciprofloxacin, b.i.d., for seven days. The clinical and bacteriological response were evaluated after 17 days. Resolution of symptoms were found in approximately 60% of cases for both treatments and bacteriological eradication was 66% for ofloxacin and 50% for ciprofloxacin. Side-effects such as itching and rash were reported in three cases. The results indicate that ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are safe and effective agents in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.

Anti-Infective Agents↗