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B Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to B Kumar.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Hiatus hernia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral en coup de sabre-a rare entity.

Linear scleroderma involving the frontal or frontoparietal region of the scalp (with or without associated facial hemiatrophy) is called "en coup de sabre" (like the stroke of a sabre). We report a case which to the best of our knowledge is only the fifth instance of this subset of localized morphea occurring in a bilateral distribution. We believe that the rarity of this presentation warrants a report.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberous sclerosis with macrodactyly.

Tuberous sclerosis with macrodactyly is a very uncommon presentation. We report a 15-year-old girl with a thick, loose hyperpigmented area on the dorsum of the left hand with macrodactyly. A skin biopsy specimen from the dorsum of the left hand revealed dense collagenization in the dermis. Radiographs showed marked irregular thickening of the cortex of the metacarpals and phalanges of the left index and middle fingers.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal dysraphism presenting as acro-osteolysis: report of four cases.

The acro-osteolyses are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by bone resorption. The disorder may occur as familial, idiopathic, or secondary to vascular, inflammatory, or neurologic conditions. Acro-osteolysis is rare in association with spinal dysraphism. It is even rarer for it to be the presenting symptom in spinal dysraphism. We report here four patients in whom the diagnosis of spinal dysraphism was established while investigating for the various causes of acro-osteolysis. All four patients presented with trophic changes and acro-osteolysis. Hyperhidrosis in the affected limb was seen in three patients. One patient had leg pain, the others had no sensory or motor deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging showed spinal dysraphism in all four patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Single dilution ELISAs using soluble piroplasm, cellular schizont and soluble schizont antigens for the detection of antibodies against Theileria annulata.

Single dilution ELISAs were standardised for the determination of antibody titres against Theileria annulata using three antigens namely soluble piroplasm, cellular schizont or soluble schizont antigens. Antibody titres of 20 cattle serum samples of known identity were determined by multi-dilution ELISA using the three antigens. The ratio of the optical density (OD) of known positive and known negative sera at different serum dilutions were calculated and termed as positive/negative (P/N) ratios. Coefficients of correlation (r) were calculated between the P/N ratios at different dilutions of known sera and their log10 antibody titres by multi-dilution ELISA. The value of "r" was the highest at the dilution of 1:400. From the log10 antibody titres of known sera and their P/N ratios at the dilution of 1:400, regression equations (Y = a + bX, where Y = predicted log10 titre, X = the P/N ratio at 1:400 dilution) were calculated separately for the three antigens. Thus, the equations Y = 1.63 + 1.35X for soluble piroplasm, Y = 2.67 + 0.547X for cellular schizont and Y = 1.817 + 0.663X for soluble schizont antigens were derived. Test sera were diluted to 1:400 and their OD were read in duplicate wells and converted to P/N ratios. The antibody titres were predicted from the P/N ratios using the above mentioned regression equations. Twenty randomly selected sera tested by single and multidilution ELISAs showed non-significant differences (P < 0.01) between antibody titres. Antibody titres of 90 unknown field sera of cattle were determined by single dilution ELISA. The piroplasm antigen detected higher antibody titres followed by cellular schizont and soluble schizont antigens. The study revealed that a single dilution ELISA could be successfully used for field epidemiological studies of tropical theileriosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical study of childhood alopecia areata in Chandigarh, India.

All new cases of alopecia areata (AA) were studied during the years 1983-1993. Eight hundred forty-one cases were recorded, including 201 (23.9%) children less than 16 years of age. The female:male ratio was 1.4:1 (117 girls, 84 boys) for childhood AA. Alopecia was severe, that is, total, universal, or extensive, in 34 (16.9%) children. Onset occurred in 77 (38.3%) children between ages 6 and 10 years, in 67 (33.3%) before 5 years of age, and in 57 (28.4%) between 11 and 16 years. Onset before 5 years of age was more often associated with severe alopecia than onset at ages 11 to 16 years (p < 0.01). Onset before 2 years of age was commonly associated with severe alopecia, seen in 6 (55.5%) of 11 children. Twenty-five (12.4%) children had one or more family members with AA. Definite evidence of atopy was obtained in 35 (17.5%) children. Association of atopy with severe alopecia was not statistically significant at initial presentation (16% vs 23.5% for circumscribed and severe alopecia, respectively; p > 0.05). Nail changes were found in 60 (30%) children and were more frequent in severe alopecia (53%) than in circumscribed alopecia (25.2%, p < 0.001). Associated vitiligo was found in seven (3.5%) children, and one child was hypothyroid. Childhood AA in Chandigarh, India, is remarkably similar to that seen in Western countries, except that an association of atopy with younger age at onset and severe alopecia was not confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexual behaviour and HIV infection risks in Indian homosexual men: a cross-cultural comparison.

A comparison of sexual activities in 49 homosexually active northwest Indian men attending STD clinics was made with 173 homosexually active Australian men from a community sample. There were major differences between the two on frequency of marriage and of bisexual behaviour (significantly higher in the Indian sample), condom use for anal intercourse, and of oral sex (significantly higher in the Australian sample). There was also a substantial level of heterosexual anal intercourse reported in the Indian sample. While preliminary and based on nonmatched and nonrandom samples, these data suggest that the sexual activity profile and degree of risk of homosexual behaviour may differ considerably between the two cultures, and that data on homosexual activities in western societies should not be generalized to nonwestern cultures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions: clinical pattern and causative agents--a 6 year series from Chandigarh, India.

AIM: To study the different clinical spectrum of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADR) and to determine the causative drugs. MATERIALS & METHODS: A prospective, hospital based study was carried out over a period of 6 years recording various cutaneous ADR. RESULTS: A total of 500 patients with cutaneous ADR were enrolled in the study. The most common types of cutaneous ADR patterns were maculopapular rash (34.6%), fixed drug eruption (FDE) (30%) and urticaria (14%). The drugs most often incriminated for the various cutaneous ADR were antimicrobials (42.6%), anticonvulsants (22.2%) and NSAIDs (18%). Anticonvulsants were implicated in 41.6% of maculopapular rashes. Sulfonamides accounted for 43.3% and NSAIDs for 30.7% of FDE. Urticaria was caused mainly by NSAIDs(24.3%) and penicillins(20%). Anticonvulsants were responsible for 43.8% of life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens Johnson syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical pattern and drugs causing cutaneous ADR are similar to those observed in other countries except for minor variations. Cutaneous ADR patterns and the drugs causing various reactions are changing every year, which may be due to the emergence of newer molecules and changing trends in the use of drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Caspase 1 and caspase 8 in HIV infected patients with and without tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Caspase 8 is involved in apoptosis mediated by Fas and p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor ligation in HIV infection. Apoptosis is partially mediated by interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (caspase-1). AIMS: We determined apoptosis, using caspase-1 and caspase-8, among patients with HIV infection, with and without tuberculosis (TB), those with TB alone and healthy individuals. SETTING AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of caspase-1 and caspase-8 among patients with HIV infection, with and without TB, those with TB alone and healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen HIV infected patients with TB (HIV+/TB+) and 20 with HIV infection without TB (HIV+/TB-) were studied. Fifteen individuals with TB alone were disease controls (HIV-/TB+) and 20 were healthy controls (HIV-/TB-). Caspases were measured by single-step ELISA using commercially available monoclonal antibodies. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Two-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Mean CD4 counts of HIV+/TB+ were lower than HIV+/TB- (p<0.05). OD value of caspase 1 in HIV+/TB+ was 0.295+0.05, while that in HIV+/TB- it was 0.302+0.18. It was 0.293+0.07 in HIV-/TB+ and in HIV-/TB- the values were 0.287+0.06. OD value of caspase 8 in HIV+/TB+ was 0.307+ 0.07, lower than HIV+/TB- (0.927+0.25). It was 0.008+0.03 in HIV-/TB+ and in HIV-/TB-, 0.074+0.004. Values of caspase 8 in patients with HIV infection (with/without TB) were higher than those with TB alone or healthy individuals (p<0.01). Levels of caspase 8 in HIV+/TB- were higher than patients with HIV+/TB+ (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Levels of caspase-1 are not different irrespective of presence or otherwise of TB and HIV infection. Fas-related apoptosis is higher in HIV infection. With concomitant TB, levels of caspase 8 were lower as compared with those without TB.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prostaglandin F2 alpha in leprosy--a preliminary study.

Prostaglandin F2 alpha was estimated in the sera of fifty patients in the leprosy spectrum to find out the status of prostaglandins in response to Mycobacterium leprae. Contrary to expectation, PGF2 alpha could be detected in only twenty-eight percent of leprosy patients. This preliminary finding is discussed in detail in the paper.

Dinoprost↗