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Biomedical subjects

B Legras

Publications and source records attributed to B Legras.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Serum lipid, apolipoprotein and lipoparticle levels in the human fetus.

Blood collected from 62 fetuses aged 20-38 weeks of gestation was studied. The values of ten lipid parameters were determined: cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1), apolipoprotein B (apo B), apolipoprotein E (apo E), total apolipoprotein CIII (apo CIII), apolipoprotein CIII present in particles containing apo B (apo CIII LpB) or not (apo CIII Lp non-B), lipoparticles A1 (LpA1), and lipoprotein a (Lp(a)). The results show that, except for apo E, all the studied parameters were present in lower concentrations than in adults and newborns, and that Lp(a) is not detectable at that stage in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Susceptibility of LDL to lipid peroxidation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with or without macroangiopathy].

Since oxidized LDL may play a role in the genesis of atheroma, which is the primary complication of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we investigated whether the LDL of diabetic patients were more prone to oxidation than those of healthy controls. We therefore studied the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation by phenylhydrazine (LDL-PO) in NIDDM patients with or without macroangiopathy, and in controls. Results showed that the LDL of patients with macroangiopathy (n = 50) were more susceptible to oxidation than those of both NIDDM patients without vascular complications (n = 50) and controls (n = 50). In diabetic patients, there was a positive correlation between LDL-PO and the following parameters: total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B. In contrast, there was no correlation between LDL-PO and the parameters of glycemic control (fasting glucose, HbAlc). After analyzing the composition of LDL, it appeared that LDL-PO values in diabetic patients were positively correlated with those of all LDL constituents. The increase in LDL-PO observed in the group of NIDDM patients with macroangiopathy could be a consequence of an increase in the LDL triglyceride content in these patients.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed1993

LDL sialic acid content in patients with coronary artery disease.

Low density lipoproteins (LDL) are considered to be the most atherogenic of lipoproteins. These LDL can be modified and oxidative modifications are now well known. In addition, other atherogenic modifications of LDL exist, such as desialylation. In the present study sialic acid content was determined in LDL preparations obtained from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD+) and compared with that of healthy subjects and patients without coronary heart disease (CAD-). The sialic acid concentration was found to be statistically lower (P < 0.05) in the LDL of CAD+ patients (11.6 +/- 2.7 micrograms/mg of protein) than in the LDL of controls (16.5 +/- 5.6 micrograms/mg of protein) or in the LDL of CAD- patients (15.3 +/- 3.8 micrograms/mg of protein). In subgroups of CAD+ patients divided according to the severity of the disease, no statistically significant difference was observed in LDL sialic acid content. This work confirms the presence of desialylated LDL in the sera of patients with atheroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Plasma malondialdehyde in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

Malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in 117 diabetic patients and 53 controls. Patients were divided into groups and subgroups according to the type of diabetes (type 1 and type 2) and the existence or not of vascular complication (macro- or micro-angiopathy). Results showed that TBARS concentrations were significantly higher in type 1 (P < 0.0001) and type 2 (P < 0.001) diabetic patients than in the control group. The plasma TBARS concentrations in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients did not differ significantly. Among the patients with vascular disease, type 2 diabetic patients with macroangiopathy had significantly higher TBARS concentrations than patients with no vascular complication (P < 0.05). Whichever the type of diabetes, there was no correlation between TBARS concentrations and glycaemic control: glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting blood glucose. This study confirmed the existence of lipid peroxidation disorders in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Estimation with bacteriology of the evolution of nosocomial infections between 1989 and 1991 in an university hospital].

The bacteriological laboratory data base was studied with an original software (Bacterio) and an appropriate method ("doubles" and early samples are not taken in account) to estimate the nosocomial infections. The incidence rates for 100 hospitalizations at the University hospital of Nancy are 9.2, 8.2 et 8.2 for respectively 1989, 90 et 91. These values are corrected while taking into account a method's sensibility of 65%. The 1000 days of hospitalization's rates allow a better comparison between the medical departments. For the whole hospital, the results are respectively of 7.9, 7.2 and 7.5%. Even if the many bias described cannot always been checked, the method gives some evolutivity indicators which are very useful for the hygienists.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1991

[Mixed mullerian tumours of the endometrium. Retrospective study, with prognostic aims, comparing their evolution to that of adenocarcinomas of the endometrium].

Mixed Mullerian Tumours (MMT) of the endometrium have a bad reputation as far as prognosis is concerned. We have studied 34 cases of MMT treated between 1976 and 1988 and have compared their outcome with a matched series of 68 cases of adenocarcinoma (ADC). These were taken out of 880 cases of ADC treated during this period of time after matching them for the stage, the type of treatment, the year of treatment and the age of the patient. The curves of survival and the totals of survival were determined using Kaplan-Meier's method and also compared using Logrank's test. The 5-years overall survival was 18% for MMT as against 55% for ADC (p less than 0.001). The difference was equally significant statistically in terms of specific survival without recurrences. The 16 patients in stages I and II who were treated with the same protocol as used for ADC were matched against 32 cases of ADC taken out of the 680 cases ADC in stages I and II and treated by the same protocol (84%). After five years MMT had a higher number of survivors (35% overall, 45% with specific survival and 35% without recurrences), but the difference with survival of ADC was as significant (respectively 75, 85, 85%). Recurrences of MMT were frequent (62%), with metastases in 9 out of 10 and early (50%), in every respect opposed with recurrences of ADC (16%) which were in three out of five cases localized and late (after 10 months). These figures make one have to think of modifying the way MMT is treated. External pelvic radiotherapy should be carried out before any other treatment. The place for other methods of therapy is to be discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Identification of a type 1 macrocreatine kinase].

A macrocreatine-kinase type 1 was identified by CK isoenzyme electrophoresis of a serum sample from a patient. Constituents of this enzyme complex were studied. The isoenzyme present in the macrocreatine-kinase was identified using immunoprecipitation with antibodies against the M subunit. Affinity chromatography then determined the type of the immunoglobulin bound to the CK isoenzyme. A protocol for studying macrocreatine-kinase type 1 compounds is proposed.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1991

[Incidental diagnosis of homozygous alpha-zero thalassemia in a 21 week old fetus].

A fetus with signs of hydrops fetalis syndrome of unknown etiology, has been studied at 21 weeks. In fetal blood, total absence of HbA and HbF, presence of Hb Bart's, Hb Portland and HbH argued in favor of alpha zero-thalassemia syndrome. Because thalassemia syndromes were transmitted in a mendelian autosomal fashion, we studied the parents. Results suggest that the father was carrier of heterozygous alpha zero-thalassemia syndrome and the mother of hemoglobin H disease (and also heterozygous HbE). Neither of them was aware of being carrier of the disease but this results explain the fetal homozygous alpha zero-thalassemia.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Bacterio-expert: an integrated system for assisting in the validation of antibiotic sensitivity tests. Retrospective application in 4053 Staphylococcus].

Bacterio-expert is a simple expert system for assisting in the validation of antibiotic sensitivity testing. This system is incorporated in a data acquisition and editing program for bacteriologic test (Bacterio program written in Turbo-Pascal for personal computer users by the same authors). The principles of this system are explained and results with 4,053 antibiotic sensitivity tests on Staphylococcus aureus isolates are reported. Approximately 10% of tests required corrections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Cutaneous interstitial fluid protein concentrations in the inflammatory syndrome: pharmacological consequences.

Concentrations of alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, albumin, transferrin, haptoglobin, immunoglobulins G, A, M and apolipoprotein B were measured in serum and suction blister fluid from a group of individuals presenting a biologically proven inflammatory syndrome, and from a control group. Protein values in suction blister fluid did not change from the 2nd to the 3rd h after the beginning of blister formation. The ratio of the concentration of proteins in blister fluid and serum did not differ significantly between the groups. However, a 25% decrease in blister fluid albumin and a 100% increase in blister fluid alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, recorded in the inflammatory group, were worth noting, since they possibly influence the tissular distribution of some protein-binding drugs. Finally, an inverse relationship was established between the blister fluid/serum concentration ratio and the respective molar mass of each protein.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Blood chemistry of human fetuses in the second and third trimesters.

Six biochemical parameters and four enzyme activities were determined from the serum of 76 healthy and 56 pathological human fetuses between the 20th and 38th week of pregnancy. In the normal fetuses studied within that period, creatinine, immunoglobulin M, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase increased; haemoglobin F and glucose progressively decreased; and alkaline phosphatase was at a peak around the 26th week; cholesterol and triglycerides were always low. The same parameters were also measured in some of the pathological fetuses and compared with their normal counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparative study of sucralfate versus cimetidine in the treatment of acute gastroduodenal ulcer. Randomized trial with 667 patients.

Six-hundred sixty-seven patients with endoscopically proven peptic ulcer were included in a randomized, multicenter trial to assess the comparative efficacy of sucralfate and cimetidine. One hundred eighty-seven patients with gastric ulcer and 480 patients with duodenal ulcer completed the study. Ulcer healing was evaluated endoscopically at six weeks for duodenal ulcer and at eight weeks for gastric ulcer. Patients with unhealed ulcer at this time were assigned to the other therapy for a second period of six or eight weeks of treatment (crossover). In patients with duodenal gastric ulcer, pain relief and healing were not significantly different in the two groups. Eighty-eight percent of duodenal ulcers and 73 percent of gastric ulcers healed with six weeks of sucralfate treatment. Reported side effects and symptoms, pooled together for duodenal and gastric ulcer, were more significant in the sucralfate group (7.5 percent) than in the cimetidine group (3.7 percent). Constipation was the most frequent symptom recorded. In conclusion, sucralfate and cimetidine are both excellent healing agents for short-term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcer. Both give rapid relief of symptoms without severe side effects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Toxicity of HPA-23 (ammonium-21-tungsto-9-antimoniate) for normal human myeloid progenitor cells (GM-CFU) in vitro.

HPA-23 is a competitive inhibitor of the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It may therefore potentially benefit patients with HIV infection. This study aimed at defining the haematopoietic toxicity of this drug and particularly its effects on the normal human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFU). Our in vitro studies, in semi-solid agar, have shown an inhibitory effect of increasing concentrations of HPA-23 on colony and cluster formation. This effect is probably dose-dependent. An almost complete inhibition of colony formation was observed at doses of more than 20 micrograms/ml. Regarding cluster formation, a similar although much more progressive inhibitory effect was found. Our experimental data should be extrapolated with caution to clinical situations. However, they must be kept in mind for optimal design of HPA-23 therapy in HIV infected patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗