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Biomedical subjects

B Legras

Publications and source records attributed to B Legras.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Urinary concentration of cobalt and chromium in patients with a non-cemented total hip prosthesis].

The concentrations of cobalt and chromium have been measured in the urine of 22 patients who had received uncemented hip prostheses made from cobalt, chromium and molybdenum alloy, and in 21 patients who had not received prostheses, using absorption spectrophotometry. The results were statistically analysed using the Wilcoxon test. The levels of cobalt in the urine in the patients with uncemented prostheses did not show a significant increase, indicating that there is no greater risk of cobalt toxicity. The concentration of chromium was significantly raised (p less than 10(-2) in the urine of patients with uncemented prostheses, and in three of these patients significant corrosion had occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The use of a microcomputer for non-linear optimisation of doses in external radiotherapy.

The study presents software for a microcomputer designed to determine the optimum dose distribution in external radiotherapy, either by calculating the doses delivered and the field width (in linear programming) or, in addition, by calculating the beam geometry (non-linear optimisation). Various optimisation criteria can be selected, namely the homogeneity, the concentration on the target and the total dose in a sensitive area. The article outlines an example.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Use of monoclonal antibodies for the immunoenzyme determination of creatine kinase-isoenzyme MB].

An enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies for creatine kinase-MB in human serum is described. The specificity and the linearity have been studied. The coefficient of within assay ranges from 6% to 22.5% according to the concentrations. The coefficient of between-assay ranges from 8% to 16.6%. Compared to electrophoresis, the results obtained with the enzyme immunoassay are a better sign of the physical state of the patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Roentgen aspects of isolated pulmonary valvular stenosis on chest plain films.

Isolated pulmonary valvular stenosis shows a typical radiological pattern in 70% of the cases, including bulging of the left middle and the right inferior segments, a convex left inferior segment and an upwards shift of the apex. In quite a lot of cases (28%), only one of the four above mentioned criteria, are found, mainly the bulging of the left middle segment. There is a small percentage (6%) of cases with an atypical radiological pattern or showing total normality (5%). There is a clear connection between the cardio-thoracic index and the degree of the stenosis but there is no connection between the severity of the stenosis and the degree of bulging of the left middle segment. However the plain chest film has no value for prognosis (evaluation of the degree of the stenosis) nor to follow the post operative course of this frequent congenital abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Conception of a program for the treatment and statistical interrogation of data, LOGIST].

This paper presents a general program which cannot only be used for the treatment and the statistical interrogations, but also for basic operations, such as the validity check and the preparation of data which is often necessary for other programs. Its use of language is simple, suitable and accessible to non-specialists. The program is sufficiently complete so that it can treat some complex problems without requiring complementary programs. It can treat several problems simultaneously. This allows one to gain data-reading time and the program is therefore economical. Its domain of use is large: epidemiological studies, psychological and sociological investigations, biological studies, clinical research, chronological follow-up, examinations of faculties, . . . . The program is written in FORTRAN IV and thus transferable. It contains more than 25 000 instructions but needs limited place in the core memory (less than 64 000 words). Its structure allows further evolution and addition of new procedures or new methods. A transformation into a conversational form is considered.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of antibodies to lymphadenopathy-AIDS virus in French haemophiliacs.

49 French haemophiliacs (haemophilia A: 41 patients; haemophilia B: 8 patients) were serologically testes for lymphadenopathy-AIDS virus antibodies: 10 patients (20.4%) were seropositive including 9 (21.9%) with haemophilia A and 1 (12.5%) with haemophilia B. Among haemophiliacs A, seropositive patients received significantly larger amounts of factor VIII concentrate during the 2 years preceding the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of D-penicillamine on human granulopoiesis in vitro.

The effect of D-penicillamine on human bone marrow granulocyte-monocyte precursor cells (CFU-C) is studied in vitro. Bone marrow samples were obtained from 47 donors (40 patients and 7 healthy volunteers) and cultured in semisolid agar in the presence of various concentrations of the drug. We found an inhibitory, possibly dose-dependent, effect of D-penicillamine on colony formation. The pathophysiological mechanism and the clinical relevance of this effect remain poorly understood. These findings, however, emphasize the need for careful monitoring of the granulocyte counts during D-penicillamine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Prenatal diagnosis of abnormalities of the neuroectodermal tube. Limitations of the assay of amniotic alpha fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase and value of the qualitative study of cholinesterases. Apropos of 6 cases of anencephaly].

Measurement of amniotic fluid alpha-foetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase for the detection of neural tube defects has been used in 285 normal or neural tube defects affected pregnancies: 18 false positive results (with non neural tube defects fetal malformations) have been reported. A qualitative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique has been used to identify the acetylcholinesterase isoenzyme derived from foetal cerebrospinal fluid. Results illustrate the value of amniotic fluid acetylcholinesterase electrophoresis. Amniotic cholinesterase presence may serve as a valuable marker for the detection of neural tube defects.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1985

[Immunological status of hemophiliacs: study of blood T-lymphocyte populations, serum immunoglobulins, and the prevalence of anti-LAV antibodies].

Blood T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulin levels were studied in a group of 52 haemophiliacs (44 patients with haemophilia A and 8 patients with haemophilia B). None of the patients had AIDS or belonged to any AIDS high-risk group. Patients were exclusively treated with clotting fractions obtained from healthy volunteers in metropolitan France. As compared to a group of 52 normal donors, haemophiliacs had increased numbers of suppressor lymphocytes, which resulted in depressed helper/suppressor (H/S) ratios, and increased levels of serum IgG and IgA. 21 haemophiliacs (40,3%) had a H/S ratio less than 1.4. Among patients with haemophilia A a higher mean IgG level was found in patients presenting lymphadenopathy. Decreased mean H/S ratio and increased mean serum IgG level were found in patients receiving more than 50 000 U of factor VIII during the 2 years preceding the study. No striking difference in mean serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels was found in patients with haemophilia A when H/S ratios were higher and lower than 1.4 respectively. As AIDS and immunological abnormalities among haemophiliacs probably share a common viral origin, this study emphasize the need to discourage blood donation from donors who belong to any AIDS high-risk group, and to screen sera from the blood donor population for antibodies to LAV/HTLV III.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

[Pulsatility index and circulatory resistance factor in arteriopathies of the lower extremities].

Pulsatility index (P.I.) and Resistance factor (Gosling) are computed on Doppler arterial recordings in 43 healthy subjects and 95 arteriopathies (184 lower limbs). The statistical analysis points out the high significance of tibial P.I. for early diagnosis of arterial disease, of femoral P.I. for assessment of aorto-iliac stenosis or obstruction and of the ratio tibial P.I./femoral P.I. in the evaluation of leg arteries patency. The popliteal P.I. discriminates proximal and distal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Levamisole in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a prospective study of 15 patients.

Several haematological and immunological parameters were studied before and after a 4-week trial of oral levamisole (300 mg/week) in 15 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. We found no statistically significant difference in the mean peripheral blood counts of total lymphocytes, E-rosette-forming lymphocytes, monocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, eosinophils and platelets. Mean serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, C3 and C4 were not statistically affected by levamisole nor was the mean lymphocyte stimulation modified by various mitogens (phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, tuberculin, candidin). The mean IgE level was statistically increased (p less than 0.05) after levamisole administration but remained below the normal upper limit. A high rate (46%) of clinical and haematological adverse reactions (1 patient developed thrombocytopenia) was associated with levamisole administration. These results suggest that levamisole, as given in this trial, has no obvious beneficial effect and cannot be recommended in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Radiologic and echocardiographic patterns of 98 cases of atrial septal defect without other defects (isolated atrial septal defect).

We collected 98 cases of single atrial septal defect. Analytical study of the pulmonary vasculature and the shape of the heart allowed us to differentiate 71 cases of pulmonary hypervascularity with increased cardiothoracic index and an appearance of right ventricular dilatation. The left inferior segment was usually straight, but sometimes convex, with a great curvature including the middle left segment. Apart from these 71 typical cases, there were 18 cases of incomplete patterns, 7 cases of atypical patterns with a convex left inferior segment with a small curvature and two normal cases (normal shape of the heart and normal vasculature). - Echocardiography was performed in 35 cases. It was valuable in 34 cases and established the diagnosis each time the X-ray picture was uncertain. Increase of the ratio of the telediastolic diameter of the right to left ventricle is almost constant and the septal motion is paradoxical in 79% of all cases. - Post-operative change was characterized from the radiological point of view by rapid return to normal of the pulmonary vascularity, followed by decrease of the cardiothoracic index, while the modifications of the shape of the left middle and inferior segment regress slowly and incompletely. As for echocardiography there is constant decrease of the ratio of the telediastolic diameter of the right to left ventricle, while the septal motion returns to normal in 79% of all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Critical review of 243 monoclonal immunoglobulinopathies].

243 cases of monoclonal immunoglobulinopathy were seen at the CHR in Rennes over a period of three years. The authors studied successively the relationship between the monoclonal immunoglobulin and the clinical diagnosis the distribution of the monoclonal compounds according to the heavy chain class and the identification of the light chains, the distribution of the immunoglobulinopathies in terms of the age and the sex of the patients and the correlation between the clinical diagnosis and various laboratory findings (proteins concentration, concentration of normal immunoglobulins, sedimentation rate...). The results obtained are in line with the principal data in the literature concerning monoclonal immunoglobulinopathies. However, the authors demonstrated, in the studied population, a higher percentage of monoclonal IgM than is usually reported. Furthermore, these IgM immunoglobulins, present in Waldenstrom's disease and frequently seen in various other immunoglobulinopathies, were essentially found in men.

France↗
PubMed1984

[The microcomputer in bacteriology. Value in the automated performance of antibiograms in hospitals].

In microbiology, most computerization is carried out by means of important centralized computers. On the contrary, our work is based upon the use of inexpensive microcomputers. We have developed general programs for the acquisition of data, their correction, and retrieval of lists arranged according to desired parameters (hospital department, germ, or sample) and various statistics, especially with respect to germ sensitivity. This system has been used on a routine basis since April 1982 in the Bacteriology Laboratory of Nancy University Hospital. It could easily be adapted to other laboratories and could provide a wide range of essential epidemiological data on the resistance of bacterial strains to antibiotics and their evolution with time.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

[Method of file sorting for mini- and microcomputers].

The authors describe a new sorting method of files which belongs to the class of direct-addressing sorting methods. It makes use of a variant of the classical technique of 'virtual memory'. It is particularly well suited to mini- and micro-computers which have a small core memory (32 K words, for example) and are fitted with a direct-access peripheral device, such as a disc unit. When the file to be sorted is medium-sized (some thousand records), the running of the program essentially occurs inside the core memory and consequently, the method becomes very fast. This is very important because most medical files handled in our laboratory are in this category. However, the method is also suitable for big computers and large files; its implementation is easy. It does not require any magnetic tape unit, and it seems to us to be one of the fastest methods available.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

[Changes in blood levels of haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin in vitamin A deficiency in Sprague-Dawley rats].

The aim of the present study was to find out whether the elevation of the serum ceruloplasmin level, previously described in vitamin-A-deficient rats, is a specific phenomenon. Quantitative variations of serum ceruloplasmin, albumin and haptoglobin (whose concentration increased during inflammation) were determined in normal and vitamin-A-deficient rats. Concentrations of ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and the value of the haptoglobin to albumin ratio are increased in the serum of vitamin-A-deficient rats compared to normal rats. The results suggested that the increased serum level of ceruloplasmin in vitamin-A-deficient rats was due to the presence of inflammation.

Animals↗