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Biomedical subjects

B Mackay

Publications and source records attributed to B Mackay.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Yellow-brown (Hamazaki-Wesenberg) bodies mimicking fungal yeasts.

We describe herein two cases in which yellow-brown (Y-B) bodies, also known as Hamazaki-Wesenberg bodies, were encountered in lymph nodes and initially misinterpreted as fungal organisms. Because of occasional "budding" forms and positive staining with "screening" fungal stains (Grocott methenamine silver and periodic acid-Schiff), Y-B bodies may closely resemble budding yeast fungi. We describe the characteristic light microscopic and ultrastructural morphologic features of Y-B bodies, and their histochemical staining reactions, and emphasize the value of the Fontana-Masson silver stain for recognition and identification of these bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Salivary gland adenocarcinomas: a clinicopathologic analysis of three distinctive types.

Myoepithelial cells play an important role in the histogenesis of adenocarcinomas arising from the salivary duct unit nearest the acini. Prototype adenocarcinomas arising from the intercalated duct are the terminal duct carcinoma and the epimyoepithelial carcinoma, both typically low-grade malignancies. Those salivary adenocarcinomas arising from the larger nonintercalated excretory ducts do not manifest myoepithelial cells in their composition. A prime example is the salivary duct carcinoma, which is a high-grade malignancy. These adenocarcinomas have distinctive clinical and pathologic features and they should be recognized by the examining pathologist. Because of the potential clinical confusion between terminal duct carcinoma and salivary duct carcinoma when rendered as a diagnosis, each should be further qualified, eg, by adding high or low grade.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Soft-tissue tumors.

A variable number of soft-tissue tumors, depending largely on the experience of the pathologist, cannot be precisely classified by light microscopy, and electron microscopy and/or immunocytochemistry may be required. The applications and limitations of these techniques in the diagnosis of selected soft-tissue tumors are briefly reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Chondrosarcoma with additional mesenchymal component (dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma). II. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

Light microscopic, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies were performed on chondrosarcomas which contained a second, noncartilagenous mesenchymal component. Attention was focused on the nonchondroid portion of each tumor in an attempt to elucidate the histogenesis of this mixed variant of chondrosarcoma. The immunoreactivity of 20 tumors was studied using antisera for S-100 protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, smooth muscle myosin, desmin, and myoglobin. Cells of the nonchondroid portion stained for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin in 12 of 20 cases, and these were predominantly tumors that had been classified as fibrosarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytoma by conventional light microscopic study. Staining for S-100 protein was consistently negative, whereas the chondrosarcoma component stained in 14 cases. Six tumors stained for desmin, and four of the six were positive for myoglobin and two for smooth muscle myosin; in four, a rhabdomyosarcomatous component was identified in the hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Electron microscopic study was performed on ten tumors and there was a good correlation between the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings. Three of the ten were pure rhabdomyosarcomas while the others displayed a range of ultrastructural appearances that can be seen in fibrosarcomas and malignant fibrous histiocytomas. The findings from this study support the view that the tumors are formed by the synchronous differentiation of two separate clones of cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intraluminal crystalloids in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and x-ray microanalytic studies.

Histochemical, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and x-ray microanalytic studies were performed on crystalloids within glandular lumina of adenocarcinomas of the prostate. In a review of light microscopic sections of 343 prostatic adenocarcinomas, unequivocal crystalloids were identified in 35 cases (10.2%). Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed distinct differences between these crystalloids and the Bence Jones crystals of multiple myeloma: anti-kappa and anti-lamda immunostaining was negative, and the characteristic lattice-like architecture of Bence Jones crystals was not seen. Differences from corpora amylacea also were demonstrated. X-ray microanalysis did not elucidate the nature of the prostatic crystalloids, and their biochemical composition and mode of formation remain uncertain. Detection of the crystalloids in light microscopic sections nevertheless can aid in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma, particularly when the tissue is distorted by crushing artifact, or if the tumor is so well-differentiated that it can be confused with atypical hyperplasia or inflammatory atypia. When intraluminal crystalloids are detected in prostatic glands that appear histologically benign or atypical, study of additional levels or a repeat biopsy should be undertaken.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Liposarcoma of the larynx. Case report and literature review.

Primary liposarcoma of the larynx is extremely rare. To our knowledge, only eight cases have been documented in the English literature. We report a ninth case in a 54-year-old man. The recurrent 2-cm tumor was well differentiated and was treated with a supraglottic laryngectomy with partial neck dissection followed by radiotherapy. There has not been a second recurrence in 16 months. The majority of liposarcomas arising in the larynx have been of a favorable histologic type (well differentiated or myxoid). The tumor tends to occur in a supraglottic location in men of 40 years or more, and multiple recurrences are typical. The primary mode of treatment is wide surgical excision, with or without postoperative radiation therapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Salivary duct adenocarcinoma: a high grade malignancy.

Salivary duct carcinomas of the major salivary glands have two major distinguishing features. They closely resemble ductal carcinomas of the breast and they are high-grade malignancies. In general, but particularly for carcinomas measuring three or more centimeters in size, the clinical course is one characterized by a resistance to local control, metastases to regional lymph nodes and distant sites, and death within a few years after primary surgical treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of mitoxantrone cardiac toxicity by nuclear angiography and endomyocardial biopsy: an update.

Sixty-six patients who underwent endomyocardial biopsy for detection of mitoxantrone (Novantrone; dihydroxyanthracenedione) cardiac toxicity were evaluated. All but one had breast cancer, 29 had received prior doxorubicin and 29 of the 37 patients who had not had prior doxorubicin received it or another anthracycline subsequently. Endomyocardial biopsy was carried out initially after four courses of chemotherapy with increasing intervals thereafter. Although cardiac ejection fraction was determined before each course of chemotherapy, our data are limited to cardiac ejection fractions from our own institution which were repeated approximately every four courses. Endomyocardial biopsy changes consisting of dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum with vacuole formation, and myofibrillar dropout are similar to the early changes of anthracycline cardiomyopathy. While there was a slight suggestion of increasing biopsy grade with increasing mitoxantrone dose, no significant changes in cardiac ejection fraction could be associated, regardless of prior doxorubicin therapy. We concluded that mitoxantrone does show morphologic evidence of cardiac toxicity; however, the structural changes are minor and are haemodynamically insignificant. Determination of how much mitoxantrone treatment may contribute to the deterioration of pre-existing doxorubicin damage must await the outcome of longer follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Salivary epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas of intercalated ducts: a clinical, electron microscopic, and immunocytochemical study.

The salivary epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of intercalated duct origin is a distinctive, biologically low-grade carcinoma with a predilection for the parotid gland. Nine examples from the M.D. Anderson Hospital in Houston, Texas, bring the number of published cases to 33. Immunocytochemical (S-100 protein, myosin, and keratin) and electron-optic studies strongly support an active myoepithelial cell participation in the histogenesis of these carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Acute monocytic leukemia recurring as bilateral perilimbal infiltrates. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural confirmation.

A 28-year-old woman developed leukopenia and slight cervical lymphadenopathy. Bone marrow aspiration and special stains established the diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia. Following chemotherapy a complete hematologic remission was elicited. Seven months later, she consulted an ophthalmologist because of bilateral conjunctival lesions. Ophthalmologic examination showed subconjunctival, perilimbal grayish-pink infiltrates. A conjunctival biopsy disclosed sheets of mononuclear cells consistent with acute monocytic leukemia. Four months later, she developed cutaneous lesions in the face and chest wall. Subsequent biopsies of conjunctiva and skin and immunohistochemical demonstration of muramidase in the tumor cells supported the diagnosis of monocytic leukemia. Electron microscopic studies were particularly valuable and disclosed that more than 80% of the leukemic cells contained two types of cytoplasmic complexes of rough endoplasmic reticulum that displayed both tubular and helical configurations. These complexes differed morphologically from the ribosome-lamellar complexes observed in hairy cell leukemia and other hematologic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Malignant melanoma of soft parts: an ultrastructural study of four cases.

Malignant melanomas of soft parts from 4 patients were studied by light microscopy, immunocytochemistry for S-100 protein, and electron microscopy. Each patient presented with a deep soft tissue mass in an extremity. Histologically, the tumors were composed of epithelioid and spindle cells, and in one, neoplastic giant cells were present. The tumors did not stain for melanin but were all positive for S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, premelanosomes were identified in every tumor and in a cell line established from one tumor. Schwann cell features were present in one of the tumors. Although the clinical presentation of malignant melanoma of soft parts is similar to that of epithelioid sarcoma and synovial sarcoma, the combined light microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural features should serve to distinguish it from other soft tissue sarcomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Crystals and alpha-1-antitrypsin-reactive globoid inclusions in an islet cell tumor of the pancreas.

An islet cell tumor of the pancreas with unusual light microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical features is reported. In addition to secretory granules and positive immunostaining for pancreatic polypeptide, the tumor contained globoid intracytoplasmic inclusions by light and electron microscopy, which correlated with a positive immunoreaction for alpha-1-antitrypsin, and Reinke-like crystals.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗