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Biomedical subjects

B Netzel

Publications and source records attributed to B Netzel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Use of specific antisera against leukemia-associated antigens in the diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A series of 66 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at diagnosis were investigated (simultaneously) for various surface markers. For this purpose the reaction of specific antisera against ALL antigens and T cell antigens was analysed in every case by several test systems, namely immunofluorescence, microcytotoxicity and complement fixation. A clearly defined classification in 6 subgroups of ALL emerged. The clinical data at presentation and possible correlations with the immunological subgroups were demonstrated.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

[Recent aspects on the use of specific antisera in diagnosis and therapy of acute lymphatic leukaemia in infants (author's transl)].

Acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) in infants is a very heterogeneous disease from the immunological point of view. Phaenotyping of leukaemic cells in 138 patients via different immunmarkers has so far allowed subdivision into 6 subgroups. Clinical risk factors and correlations with the immunologically defined subgroups, as well as their significance for prognosis, are demonstrated with the help of 61 examined ALL patients. 90-95% of all acute lymphatic leukaemias can presently be identified via heterologous antisera. After corresponding absorption, these antisera show high cytotoxicity against ALL cells without displaying any aggressivity towards normal haemopoetic stem cells. The authors make therapeutic use of anti-T cell and anti-common ALL (cALL) globulin in autologous bone marrow transplantation. This method involves withdrawal of bone marrow from patients with ALL in complete remission, the marrow being then fractionated, treated with antiserum to destroy residual leukaemic cells, and then cryopreserved. The leukaemia-free bone marrow will thus be available for transplantation in relapse.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1979

Growth of the Reh cell line in diffusion chambers. Evidence for differentiation along the T- and B-cell pathway.

Cells of the Reh line, originally derived from an ALL of the 'Non-T, Non-B' type were cultured in diffusion chambers implanted intraperitoneally into perirradiated CBA mice. At different intervals over a period of 20 d changes in surface characteristics were examined by labelling the cells with AcALLG, ATCG as well as with polyvalent AIg. The evaluation was performed by using direct immunofluorescence. In addition, the ability to form rosetts with SRBC, AET-treated sheep erythrocytes, mouse red blood cells and EoxAC was tested. On day 0 of the diffusion chamber culture the cells only carried cALLA, and no rosette formation was observed. In the course of the diffusion chamber culture the cells unequivocally developed T-cell antigen, and in 1 of 2 experiments they further acquired a receptor for forming AET- and E-rosettes. Conversely, in the other experiment a receptor for mouse red blood cells was detected in a considerable portion of the cells. Our data show that the rather undifferentiated Reh line cells in vitro are able to develop features of mature T-cells and attributes of early B-cells during the diffusion chamber culture. In vitro they apparently retain a bivalent potentiality of lymphatic maturation. The diffusion chamber system proves to be a suitable tool for promoting differentiation in these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of CCNU on hematopoiesis in rats.

The effect of orally administered CCNU on proliferating and cytokinetically "resting" bone marrow cells was studied in rats. The resting bone marrow cells were selectively labeled with 3H-thymidine by the "complete 3H-thymidine labeling method." The results show a reduction in the number of absolute bone marrow cells to about 40% of the original value in 3 days. Regeneration was completed only after 22 days. No difference was found in the destructive or the regenerative pattern of CFU-C, myelopoietic, erythropoietic, lymphatic, or megakaryocytic cells. Resting and proliferating cells of the bone marrow were equally affected by CCNU.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[ALL-Associated antigen: occurrence on normal blood cells, cell-lines and leukaemic cells (author's transl)].

The specificity of an antiserum against ALL-cells lacking B- and T-cell markers was characterized. The antiserum was used in several indicator systems to investigate the expression of leukaemia-associated antigens on normal lymphocytes, lymphoid cell lines and various leukaemia cells. The relevance of such antisera for the detection and classification of leukaemic cell populations is discussed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1978

In vitro stimulation with mitogen and antigen in patients with monoclonal gammopathy.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 32 patients with defined paraproteinaemia (16 IgG, 9 IgA and 7 IgM) and from 15 healthy donors were studied for their in vitro response to various stimuli, including for unspecific mitogens such as Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Concanavalin A (ConA) as well as specific antigens such as purified Tuberculin, Candida, Varidase, Tetanus Toxoid, Vaccinia antigen and Vaccinia-control antigen. Mitogens and antigens were lyophilized in Microtiter plates. The lymphocytes of all tested patient-groups responded (measured by H3-Thymidin-uptake) significantly lower towards the unspecific mitogens than those of the control group. If the patients' lymphocytes were stimulated by the specific antigens, their in vitro response was significantly diminished to candida and vaccinia. Macroglobulinaemia showed significantly lower response to ConA if compared to myelomas of IgG- and IgA-type. No correlation was found between mitogen and antigen response and the serum concentration of the paraproteins or immunoglobulins. The results show that monoclonal gammopathy and especially macroglobulinaemia are associated with abnormalities of the cellular immunity which correlates with the clinical observation of increased fungal and viral infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Diagnostik significance of cell membrane markers in childhood ALL (author's transl)].

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in childhood is not a homogeneous disease. By membrane phenotyping 6 groups of ALL in 66 children could be differentiated: Group I (38%) common ALL (anti-cALL+. Group II (32%) common ALL with T cell marker in addition (anti-cALL+, anti-T+). Group III (14%) T. cell ALL with E-rosette marker (anti T+, E+). Group IV (9%) T cell ALL without E-rosette marker (anti T+, E-). Group V (6%) undifferentiated ALL (anti-cALL-, anti-T). Group VI (1%) B cell typ (SmIg+). 19 or 20% of children in groups I and II opposed to 67 or 100% of children in groups III and IV had a white cell count at diagnosis of greater than 25,0 x 10(3)/mm(3) Mediastinal involvement was typical for groups III and IV. No significant difference was found so far for age or sex in the groups.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Autologous bone marrow grafts in dogs treated with lethal doses of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea.

Hematological and immunosuppressive effects of various single doses of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) were evaluated in the preclinical canine model. Immune function appeared not to be impaired by treatment with CCNU, but severe myelotoxicity contributed to the death of 3 of 4 dogs given 10 mg CCNU per kg and 5 of 5 dogs given 15 mg CCNU per kg within 10 days after drug administration. Infusions of autologous bone marrow protected 6 of 6 dogs receiving 15 mg CCNU per kg and 6 of 6 dogs receiving 20 mg CCNU per kg from lethal marrow failure. Dogs given 30 mg CCNU per kg and autologous marrow died within 7 days from severe gastrointestinal toxicity. We conclude that autologous bone marrow support may allow the use of high-dose CCNU regimens and thereby increase its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of advanced cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Hematologic and immunologic studies in dogs given nitrogen mustard (hn3).

Hematologic and immunosuppressive effects of single doses of nitrogen mustard (HN3) were evaluated in 20 dogs. HN3 caused profound depression of peripheral blood counts in all animals. Recovery of total white blood cell counts in dogs surviving the acute gastrointestinal toxicity of HN3 was complete by day 15. Recovery of platelet and lymphocyte counts to initial levels took a more prolonged course. Granulopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-C) in the bone marrow were assayed by an in vitro culture system. Concentrations of CFU-C were markedly decreased one day after HN3-treatment, but showed at near-lethal doses rapid restoration to normal values within 4 to 7 days. Cellular immune function of HN3-treated dogs was impaired for prolonged periods as indicated by the reduced capacity of canine lymphocytes to proliferate in vitro in response to stimulation with mitogens. Humoral immune function was similarly affected as determined by the depressed and delayed antibody formation against an intravenous challenge with sheep red blood cell. In conclusion, our results suggest a different effect of HN3 on lymphoid and myeloid precursor cells.

Animals↗