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Biomedical subjects

B Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Nilsson.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Dental health and perceived treatment needs of Finnish immigrants in Sweden.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the dental health and perceived treatment needs of Finnish immigrants in Sweden, using a representative sample and questionnaire technique. The material consisted of a random sample of 1 332 persons aged 20-59 years, resident in a Stockholm suburb. The response rate was 80%. Validity of the questionnaire was tested in a subgroup by comparing the number of teeth reported present in the questionnaire with the number observed clinically. Correlation coefficient (r) was 0.98. Compared with a study of Swedes, the mean number of remaining teeth was found to be lower and the proportion of edentulous persons higher in this study. The mean number of teeth was, however, higher than that found in a clinical study of Finnish immigrants 5 years previously, indicating a possible slight improvement in the dental health of Finnish immigrants. Almost 70% of the younger and about 45% of the older respondents had a perceived treatment need, primarily for fillings and scaling, older respondents also requiring prostheses. The real treatment need was probably greater than the study indicated. The study shows that Finnish immigrants to Sweden, as a social group, are in great need of dental treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Recurrent pneumococcal infections in a patient with lack of specific IgG and IgM pneumococcal antibodies and deficiency of serum IgA, IgG2 and IgG4.

Disseminated pneumococcal infections in a young woman are described. Serum from the patient showed reduced opsonic capacity for pneumococci and absence of pneumococcal anticapsular IgG and IgM antibodies even after pneumococcal immunization. Total serum IgG level was normal, but IgG2, IgG4, and IgA were deficient. The possible location of pneumococcal IgG antibodies in the IgG2 subclass is discussed as well as the existence of serious antibody deficiencies in patients with normal total IgG levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Interobserver variation and cosmetic result of submuscular breast reconstruction.

Four experienced plastic surgeons judged the results of 6 different variables in 99 breast reconstructed women. In the range good to poor the observers assessed symmetry of size, position of the submammary fold, symmetry of shape, nipple-areola reconstruction and scars. The grand mean for total cosmetic results was 2.16 (2 = good, 3 = acceptable). Our material shows a great variance between patients in the total cosmetic result. We considered that no variable here shown has unacceptable reliability in terms of interobserver within patients and interpatients within observers variance ratio. The strongest correlations to the total cosmetic result were shown by symmetry of shape, position of the submammary fold and symmetry of size. Thus, in order to improve the total cosmetic result it is important to focus attention on these three aspects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of heparin, low molecular weight (LMW) heparin, and a heparin analogue on experimental venous thrombosis in the rabbit.

An experimental model based on a combination of endothelial injury and flow reduction, was used to induce jugular vein thrombosis in the rabbit. The influence of conventional heparin, a low molecular weight fragment (LMW heparin; M.W. 4 000-5 000) and a heparin analogue (sodium pentosan polysulfate) was compared. The drugs were administered intravenously during the induction of thrombosis. The control animals received Ringer's lactate. All treatments significantly reduced the frequency of thrombosis. In addition, LMW heparin caused a significant reduction of thrombus weight. Moreover, it was shown that local treatment with conventional heparin and LMW heparin after endothelial damage both reduced the frequency of thrombosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prevalence of coxarthrosis.

In a survey of 4027 double-contrast colon roentgenograms, the hip joints were examined and classified with regard to the presence or absence of primary coxarthrosis. The hips were graded according to type and severity of coxarthrosis. The data collection was performed in precisely the same manner as in an earlier study undertaken on 3903 similar examinations that had been performed more than 20 years earlier. During this time period, the prevalence had not changed, nor was there any change in sex ratio or distribution between bilateral and unilateral cases or between types of coxarthrosis. Also, the severity of the coxarthrosis at the time of the examination was approximately the same. A considerable portion of the patients (including those in the present study), about one third, had not been previously diagnosed. In this group, mixed and medial coxarthrosis were more common among men than was lateral coxarthrosis. There was no difference in age or sex between previously diagnosed and undiagnosed groups of coxarthrosis. In the recent study, about one third of the patients had been treated mostly by total hip arthroplasty (THA). In these patients, lateral coxarthrosis was more common. Women were over-represented among the THA cases, even though the coxarthrosis was not more severe.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic value of various immunological tests in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant postoperative chemotherapy.

Eighty-three patients, operated for carcinoma of the breast, received adjuvant therapy with chlorambucil, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-flourouracil. This group was subjected to a study exploring prognostic value, as defined by disease-free survival, of some immune variables. These included numbers of blood lymphocytes expressing membrane receptors for sheep erythrocytes (mainly T-cells), receptors for C'3 (mainly B-cells) and proliferative responses of the cells to phytohemagglutinin, purified protein derivative of tuberculin and in a mixed lymphocyte culture. Follow-up time was 30-71 months after start of adjuvant therapy. None of these variables showed any significant relation to prognosis in the present patient material. In addition, there was no detectable relation between numbers of eosinophils in the blood and disease-free survival. The well-known importance of tumor size and/or involvement of axillary nodes was, however, confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Myeloid differentiation in liquid cultures of cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: effects of retinoic acid and indomethacin.

To study the effects of retinoic acid (RA) and indomethacin on myeloid differentiation, normal and chronic myeloid leukemic (CML) bone marrow cells lighter than 1.065 g/ml were incubated in liquid cultures and grown in agar. Retinoic acid (RA) (10(-8) M and 10(-6) M) increased the number of clusters (3-40 cells) formed in agar and also increased the neutrophil production in liquid cultures. Indomethacin (10(-6) M) did not change the cell growth in agar. In liquid culture, however, more macrophages and fewer neutrophils were produced in the presence of indomethacin. The results suggest that RA enhances neutrophil production by stimulating the proliferation and maturation of a cluster-forming cell within the myeloblast-promyelocyte compartment. The stimulatory effect of indomethacin on macrophage production is probably secondary to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which inhibits the proliferation of monocyte precursor cells. No major differences were noted between CML and normal cells in their responses to RA or indomethacin.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1984

Reduced thrombogenic characteristics of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane arterial grafts after heparin bonding.

The effect of bonding of heparin, via a glutaraldehyde-stabilized ionic complex, on the early thrombogenicity of polyurethane (PU) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (Gore-tex) as well as covalent bonding of heparin on PTFE was studied in vivo. Grafts 6 cm long and 4 mm in diameter were placed in the carotid arteries of sheep and perfused for 4 hours at 25 ml/min in order to accelerate thrombus formation. The thrombogenicity was determined by calculation of the percent of the luminal surface free of thrombus and patency. In addition, 32P-labelled platelet accumulation was determined in some of the grafts. The stabilized ionic bonding of heparin significantly reduced the early thrombogenicity of PU but had little effect on PTFE grafts; but the thrombogenicity of the latter was markedly decreased following covalent bonding of heparin. A regional distribution of platelet accumulation was found with the distal anastomoses showing the highest platelet deposition. By choice of an appropriate method of heparinization, a significant reduction of the thrombogenicity of PU and PTFE grafts was achieved.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Changes in bone mineral content in the femur following total hip arthroplasty.

Bone mineral content (BMC) in the distal end of the femoral shaft was monitored with single-photon gamma-absorptiometry for 72 weeks after surgery in 46 patients with coxarthrosis treated by total hip arthroplasty (THA). After an initial increase, which was greater in men than in women, BMC decreased during the first postoperative year to approximately the initial value in men, whereas in women the final outcome was a 10% net loss. No influence of the type of operation or of the preoperative or postoperative capacity of the patients could be demonstrated. The loss of bone mineral was surprisingly low compared with that noted after other injuries of similar or even less magnitude.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Acute epididymitis and Chlamydia trachomatis.

Prostatitis and epididymitis, which are the most common complications of urethritis in men below 35 years of age may be associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Chlamydiae have been isolated from expressed prostatic fluid in men with urethritis complicated by prostatitis and epididymitis. Epididymitis seem to be an established complication of chlamydial urethritis particularly when urethritis is complicated with prostatitis. Since epididymitis may lead to reduced fertility, prompt antibiotic treatment using tetracyclines should be administered to patients with this condition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

An improved positive selection plasmid vector constructed by oligonucleotide mediated mutagenesis.

An Escherichia coli plasmid vector, pUN121, has been constructed which allows for positive selection of transformants harboring DNA inserts. The positive selection of transformants harboring DNA inserts. The vector is based on plasmid pTR262 (Roberts et al. Gene, 12, (1980), 123-127) in which the tetracycline resistance gene is under transcriptional control of the repressor protein coded by the phage lambda cI gene. This plasmid has been rearranged, using in vitro recombinant techniques including oligonucleotide mediated mutagenesis to yield a smaller plasmid (4.4 kb) with unique cloning sites for EcoRI, XmaI and SmaI in addition to the unique HindIII and BclI sites. The plasmid has a functional ampicillin resistance gene and the new restriction sites (EcoRI, XmaI and SmaI) when used for cloning, give rise to tetracycline resistant transformants.

Ampicillin↗