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Biomedical subjects

B Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Nilsson.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Danazol and gestagen displacement of testosterone and influence on sex-hormone-binding globulin capacity.

The mechanism of action of danazol is poorly understood, but this testosterone (T) derivate is frequently used in the clinical treatment of endometriosis, and its tendency to androgenic/anabolic side effects is well known. The interaction of danazol with T binding to sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was studied with the use of an aqueous two-phase system with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran for equilibrium partition. Competitive binding studies were also performed with norethisterone (NET), d-norgestrel (d-Ng), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and tamoxifen (TMX). Danazol, d-Ng, and NET were found to exert a marked T displacing activity, while MPA and TMX had no significant effect. The low values for SHBG binding capacity that were found during danazol therapy mainly reflect occupation of binding sites by danazol and to a lesser degree a real decrease in protein concentration. It was calculated that during treatment the total SHBG capacity in serum is approximately 20 times exceeded. Therapeutic danazol serum levels are 1000 times those of normal female total T levels; and since the affinity to SHBG for danazol was found to be 1/20 that to T one should conclude an almost total occupation of binding sites. The endocrine effects of danazol might be interpreted in terms of T displacement and as a consequence of increased levels of free T during therapy.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1982

Clinical and cerebrospinal fluid findings in lymphocytic meningo-radiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome).

11 patients with lymphocytic meningo-radiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome) are described. The disease is characterized by intensive pain, often radiating and migrating, and neurological deficits, i.e. peripheral facial palsies, as well as disseminated radiculopathies. In 4 patients the onset was preceded by an arthropod bite, close to which 3 patients exhibited an erythema chronicum migrans. In the cerebrospinal fluid there was a mononuclear pleocytosis, predominantely by lymphocytes. In the early stages, a plasma cell reaction was frequently encountered. Protein analysis indicated a defect in the blood brain barrier and an intrathecal synthesis of IgG. All patients recovered almost completely from their neurological symptoms within 1-2 months, irrespective of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Extra chromosome 12 and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 22 consecutive patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were stimulated with the polyclonal B-cell mitogens lipopolysaccharide from E. coli (LPS) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Stimulation was successful for chromosome analysis in 14 patients. Eleven patients had chromosomal aberrations and 7 of these had an extra chromosome 12. In 2 patients an extra chromosome 12 was the only abnormality, while additional aberrations were found in 5 patients. 3 patients had complex aberrations involving deletion of chromosome 6. 1 of these patients also had a translocation between chromosomes 12 and 14. 1 patient had a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 14. In 3 patients no aberrations were detected. The time elapsing between diagnosis and appearance of clinical symptoms which were indications for treatment was significantly shorter in patients with an extra chromosome 12 than in these without this abnormality. Thus, it appears that an extra chromosome 12 is associated with a more rapid course of the disease, and may therefore be of importance for the predition of prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Potentials of and currents between dental metallic restorations.

115 persons were studied from a body of patients referred to the Faculty of Odontology, University of Umeå, for investigation regarding any occurrence of oral galvanism. Potential and polarization of metallic restorations and dentures were recorded using a method and equipment previously described. Data regarding distribution of potential ranges with respect to number of patients and type of alloy are presented. The distribution of calculated intraoral currents in relation to number and type of metallic contacts is stated. Relevant parameters for the study of oral galvanic (bimetallic) cells are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term follow-up and prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma. The radiumhemmet series 1958 to 1973.

Between 1958 and 1973, 2412 women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma were treated at Radiumhemmet. Of these tumors, 14.5 per cent were of borderline malignancy. The 5-year relative survival rate was 34 per cent among the patients with true malignant tumor and 93 per cent in the borderline cases. Even in advanced stages (IIb-IV) the 5-year survival rate was 78 per cent in the borderline cases. Advanced stage and high age at diagnosis, true malignancy and tumors of serous, clear cell or anaplastic type were associated with poor prognosis. The 5-year relative survival rate of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma in an early stage improved during the period, from 67 to 81 per cent.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Effect of volume expanders on the lysability of ex vivo thrombi in the rabbit.

The lysability of ex vivo thrombi before and after the infusion of dextran 70 (0.5 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 2 g/kg), dextran 40 (1.5 g/kg), albumin 5% (1.5 g/kg) and normal saline (0.3 g/kg) was studied in rabbits. All rabbits received 125I fibrinogen before the experiment. The thrombi were treated with plasmin or sodium chloride and the radioactivity released in the supernatant by the thrombus was determined. The thrombus weight was also recorded. A gradual increase in the lysability of thrombi after dextran 70 administration was observed and the maximum effect occurred 24 hours later. Increasing dose of dextran 70 did not potentiate the release of 125I fibrin degradation products in the supernatant, but did significantly decrease the thrombus weight during the first hours postinfusion, Dextran 40 was found to have a similar action but the effect was shorter and the lysability at 24 hours was similar to the preinfusion values. Albumin 5% and normal saline increase the radioactivity released from the thrombi to the supernatant but no change in the thrombus weight was observed. A similar result was obtained in the control group. The present investigation demonstrated that increasing doses of dextran 70 potentiate the effect on thrombolysis demonstrated by statistically significant decrease in the thrombus weight. Furthermore, albumin 5% and normal saline increase the release of 125I fibrin split products in the supernatant but did not have any effect on the thrombus weight and finally, the rabbit showed a marked spontaneous fibrinolysis probably related to the stress, anesthetic agent and surgical manipulation.

Albumins↗
PubMed1982

Analogous antigenic alterations elicited in C3 by physiologic binding and by denaturation in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate.

The expression of three antigenic subsets of C3--the C3(S), the C3(N), and the C3(D) antigens--by soluble and target-bound forms of C3 was studied. The C3(S) subset is stable and is expressed by native as well as denatured C3 (exposure to sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) M greater than or equal to 10(-3)). The C3(N) and C3(D) subsets are labile and are expressed by native and denatured C3, respectively. Antisera to native C3, anti-C3(S-N), react with the C3(S) as well as the C3(N) subset. Antisera to isolated C3 subunits react exclusively with the C3(D) subset. A separation of anti-C3(S) and anti-C3(N) antibodies was accomplished by adsorbing the anti-C3(S-N) antiserum with insolubilized, denatured C3, anti-C3(N) antibodies remained unadsorbed. Anti-C3(S) antibodies were adsorbed and subsequently eluted from the denatured C3. Agglutination studies with EAC1423b cells showed significant agglutination with anti-C3(S) and anti-C3(D) antisera but reduced agglutination with anti-C3(N) antisera. Agglutination by anti-C3(D) antisera was unaffected in the presence of EDTA serum containing converted or unconverted C3. These data suggest an antigenic modification of C3b-b' upon binding that mirrors the antigenic transition associated with SDS denaturation of C3.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1982

Taste thresholds, preferences for sweet taste and dental caries in 15-year-old children. A pilot study.

The aim of the present investigation was to study the relationship between taste acuity and dental caries. The material consisted of 26 15-year-olds. Twelve (7 girls and 5 boys) had a high prevalence of dental caries and 14 (6 girls and 8 boys) had a low prevalence. The average DFS in the two groups was 26.9 (range 19-39) ad 1.5 (range 0-4) respectively. Recognition thresholds were determined for sweet and, as a control, for salty, sour and bitter taste using a full-mouth technique. A modified method of limit was used. No significant difference in thresholds could be found between the different caries groups. Preferences for sweet taste were also determined in 14 of the subjects. They were asked to indicate the preferred solution of sucrose (.15, .30, .60 and 1.20M), presented randomly. The groups did not differ markedly in this test either. No correlation between threshold values and preferences for sucrose could be established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Intraoral currents and taste thresholds.

A group of patients, with oral symptoms such as oral smart, battery taste and mental taste, were examined to study the relationship, if any, between intraoral currents, created at metallic contacts between restorative materials, and taste perception thresholds. The patients were examined with an electrogustometric method for determination of taste threshold levels. Further the intraoral currents were calculated from data obtained at potential and polarization measurements. Comparisons were then between groups of subjects with and without oral symptoms. The results of this study indicate that patients with certain oral symptoms have lower threshold levels for electric taste stimulation than persons in a control group selected at random. No differences were, however, observed between the magnitudes of intraoral currents in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Clinical and methodological studies on intramuscular ketoprofen in postoperative rheumatic pain.

Ketoprofen (Kp), given intramuscularly to 15 patients with chronic arthritis on the day after elective joint surgery (13), or during bouts of extreme pain (2), resulted in satisfactory pain relief, and seemed able to replace opiates. A new assay method for plasma Kp, based on gas chromatography/high resolution mass fragmentography is described, which permits determination of Kp even in the presence of probenecid. Kp was rapidly absorbed and peak plasma levels of 10.2 to 18.6 mumol/l were attained within 30 min. Probenecid did not interfere with the elimination of Kp.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cerebral ischemia symptoms in carotid artery occlusion: role of hemodynamic factors.

The acute outcome in 59 patients with carotid artery occlusion was studied and related to the angiographic pattern of collateral flow. No patient with TIA only had retrograde ophthalmic artery flow, although such a pattern was found in 50 percent of patients with stroke. In a follow-up study (mean 48 months), the same distribution of the collateral pattern was found on ultrasonic Doppler examination. The absence of substantial retrograde ophthalmic flow was associated with an increased contralateral carotid flow. The findings show that the efficiency of the collateral pathways, mainly the contralateral carotid artery and the circle of Willis, largely determines the outcome of carotid artery occlusion.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Carotid artery occlusion: acute symptoms and long-term prognosis.

Fifty-nine patients with carotid artery occlusion diagnosed during 1968-1977 were studied. The presenting symptoms were ipsilateral TIA in 12 patients, stroke in 41, 9 of whom died in the acute phase, and TIA or stroke from other vascular territory in 6 patients. Thirty-nine percent of the patients had preceding TIA. At the time of follow up (mean 48 months), only 2 cases with TIA and 2 with stroke on the occluded side were found. Seven patients had recurrent symptoms from other vascular regions. Twelve patients died during follow up because of diseases unrelated to stroke. Thus the annual incidence of ipsilateral stroke (approximately 1%) and TIA (approximately 1%) was low. Anticoagulant treatment of 20 of the patients might have contributed to the low recurrence rate.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

delta 4-ethylestrenol in recurrent deep venous thrombosis.

In a study of 21 patients with recurrent venous thrombosis and/or thrombophlebitis, fibrinolytic activity measured after venous occlusion was significantly improved after treatment with 6 mg delta 4-ethylestrenol (Orgabolin) daily. Seven of the 21 patients had abnormally low vessel wall plasminogen activator content, which normalised during treatment. No tendency to develop resistance to the drug was observed during treatment for periods up to 56 months. This improvement was shown to be combined with a significant lower (p less than 0.001) incidence of thrombosis.

Adult↗