Biomedical subjects

B Szynaka

Publications and source records attributed to B Szynaka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Study on carcinogenesis in chronic cholecystitis.

Not only bile but also chronic cholecystitis may play a role in gallbladder carcinogenesis. Numerous studies have revealed a close correlation between chronic inflammation and neoplasia. The experiments were conducted on paraffin sections, obtained from 377 surgically resected gallbladders with chronic cholecystitis. Immunohistochemical reaction was conducted on deparaffinized sections, using a monoclonal antibody against 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. An increase was found in the expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in chronic cholecystitis. The level of 8-OhdG expression is associated with inflammation intensity and disease duration. DNA damage, observed in chronic cholecystitis, indicates a correlation between chronic inflammation and gallbladder carcinogenesis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

A preliminary study of the submandibular gland of the rat after one-year cadmium intoxication. Part II. Pathomorphology and ultrastructure.

The aim of the present study was to establish to what degree a one-year exposure of rat females to 5, 50 and 100 mg of Cd/l affects cell morphology of the submandibular glands. After one-year cadmium exposure of female rats, at doses of 5, 50 and 100 mg Cd/l, a pathomorphological examination revealed periductal fibrosis in the submandibular glands of rats in all the three experimental groups, which increased with cadmium dose. We also found foamish cytoplasm in the cells of the submandibular glands in all the experimental groups, the intensity of that phenomenon also increasing with Cd dose. The ultrastructural examination revealed no abnormalities in Group I. However, in Groups II and III, we observed numerous granules with a secretion, varying in shape and size that filled up the cytoplasm both in the mucous and serous cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Ultrastructural study of the mitochondria in the submandibular gland, the pancreas and the liver of young rats, exposed to NaF in drinking water.

The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of fluoride on ultrastructural changes in the submandibular gland, the pancreas and the liver. The experimental rats received fluoride in aqueous solutions of sodium fluoride at concentrations of 10.6 NaF/dm3 and 32.0 NaF/dm3. In the ultrastructural examination, mitochondria were most damaged.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Ultrastructure of the tunica albuginea in congenital penile curvature.

PURPOSE: We investigated the ultrastructure of the tunica albuginea in individuals with congenital penile curvature to explain the pathology of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Included in our study were 15 patients 17 to 24 years old with congenital penile curvature. Study material consisted of samples of the tunica albuginea excised from the greater curvature of the corpus cavernosum during surgical correction. Control samples were obtained from the lesser curvature on the side opposite the study material during the same operation. The 2 types of tissue were analyzed using transmitter electron microscopy. RESULTS: Ultrastructural examination of the control material revealed numerous collagen fibers that were homogenous in size and organization on cross section. Periodic striation was typical in collagen that produced fibers. In the study group the tunica albuginea structure had a chaotic pattern of collagen fibers that formed bundles with disrupted 3-dimensional organization. Diameter of the fibers differed greatly on cross section. We observed periodic widening and fragmentation of collagen fibers with the complete disappearance of striation and transformation into electron dense, fibrous granulated material. Disrupted fibroblasts without cell membrane and cellular organelles between collagen fibers were also visible. There was elastin accumulation without any morphological differences in the control and study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that ultrastructural changes in the tunica albuginea may cause congenital penile curvature, possibly by altering mechanical properties.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Morphometric and ultrastructural studies of the sciatic nerve regeneration in rats intoxicated with ethanol.

The aim of the study was to examine the process of sciatic nerve regeneration and changes in the dorsal root ganglia (from which sensory fibres of the sciatic nerve extend) in animals intoxicated with ethanol. The experiment used 20 rats, divided into two groups: control and treated. The treated animals were intragastrically given 2g/kg b.w. of ethanol in 25% aqueous solution. In both groups the right sciatic nerve was transected and then sutured. After 5 months the animals were anaesthetized. The left and the right spinal dorsal ganglia-L5 and sections from the non-operated and operated sciatic nerves were collected for analysis. Ultrastructural examinations and morphometric measurements were conducted. It was found that ethanol administrated to rats inhibited regeneration of the transected and then sutured sciatic nerve, impairing the growth of axons in the transected nerve and destroying the regenerating sensory ganglion cells. The mechanism of the changes described may be associated with axonal transport disorders or with the suppressed production of biologically active substances, which affect nerve regeneration.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Mast cell of upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa and Helicobacter pylori infection in children].

Using histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examinations of gastric and duodenal mucosa the authors showed the increase in the number of mast cells with ultrastructural changes characteristic of their degranulation in H. pylori infected children. The damage of various intensification in glandular and covering epithelial cells and the inflammatory response were also proved. The results suggest the role of mastocytes in the inflammation of gastric and duodenal mucosa in H. pylori infected children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline].

The anthracyclines are among the most active and useful anticancer agents, but they are also the most common chemotherapeutics associated with the development of congestive heart failure. Twenty seven to sixty percent of patients with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy die of congestive cardiac failure. The paper presents the pathomechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and perspectives on prevention of congestive heart failure resulting from anthracycline chemo-therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Exocrine cell mitochondria of the rat pancreas after lead intoxication.

The aim of the study was to evaluate alterations in exocrine cell mitochondria of the rat pancreas after lead acetate intoxication. The experiment used 45 rats divided into 2 experimental groups receiving lead acetate to drink, of lead concentration 50 and 500 mg/dm3 (ppm), and a control group given tap water. The animals from the experimental group were decapitated after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks, 5 rats from the control group after 8 weeks of the experiment. Rats from experimental groups decapitated after 8 weeks had lead administration stopped after six weeks and then, for two weeks tap water was given. Pancreatic sections were examined with biochemical methods for the activity of cytochrome oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase. Ultrastructural and morphometric examinations were also performed. It was demonstrated that: a) exocrine cell mitochondria are particularly predisposed to lead effect, b) intoxication of rats with lower lead doses (50 ppm) causes reversible adaptative or compensatory changes in these organelles, c) intoxication of rats with higher lead doses (500 ppm) induces irreversible ultrastructural alterations in numerous mitochondria, including damage to inner and to outer mitochondrial membranes, d) structural changes in the mitochondria in the course of lead intoxication are the morphological expression of the impairment of metabolic processes, associated with the inhibited activity of the respiratory enzymes: succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1998

Ultrastructural changes in rat hepatocytes in acute intoxication with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D).

The hepatotoxic effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was investigated. Ultrastructural changes were evaluated in transmission electron microscope. The experiment used 60 male Wistar rats divided into two groups: I--control-18 animals and II--42 animals which received chemically pure 2,4-D acid by gastric gavage in a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. The animals were sacrificed after 12, 24, 48 hours and 4, 10 and 30 days of the experiment. The results obtained indicate that the administration of 2,4-D acid to rats in a dose inducing acute intoxication leads to ultrastructural changes in the liver, which suggest nonspecific reversible adaptative-type damage to parenchymal cells. The changes observed indicate disorders in energetic processes in hepatocytes and are morphological exponents of detoxicative processes there.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗

PubMed1997

The ethanol effect on lung metastases development in experimental Morris 5123 hepatoma.

The experiment was carried out on 45 male Wistar rats which were divided into 3 groups: group I-15 rats which were given water to drink during the experiment, group II-15 rats obtaining 10% ethanol solution during the experiment and group III-15 rats obtaining 20% ethanol solution during the experiment. All animals were injected 0.3 ml suspension of hepatoma Morris 5123 cells directly to the liver on the 14th day of the experiment. After the 9 weeks of the experiment the animals from all groups were narcotized, decapitated and the lungs were taken into the morphometric, histological and ultrastructural examinations. They showed that ethanol has a stimulating effect on formation and development of hepatoma Morris 5123 in rat lungs. The increase of number and extensiveness of metastases as well as the increase of mean metastases focuses volume, and the increase of lung weight in animals which obtained ethanol are the exponent of the influence. On the basis of ultrastructural examinations, it can be noted that promoting activity of ethanol can be connected: a) with the increase of neoplastic cells activity, b) with changes appearing in pulmonic epithelium and endothelium of vessel enabling neoplastic cells to adhere to basal membrane as well as their crossing the vessel wall.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1997

Pathological changes in rats hepatocytes on acute lindane poisoning.

Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural examinations of the liver were carried out on rats. The animals were given crystalline lindane intragastrically, in a dose evoking acute intoxication, (1/3 LD50). Then the rats were decapited after 1, 3, 10, 20 and 36 days following pesticide administration. The obtained results indicate, that acute lindane intoxication produces morphological changes in the rat liver, which evidence a disturbance inenergetic processes of hepatocytes and they are reversible and adaptative.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructural evaluation of microcirculatory vessels in rheumatoid synovial membrane.

Since morphological lesions in microcirculatory vessels are often difficult to be found in the light microscope, the electron microscope investigations were performed on the synovial membrane biopsy specimens from 70 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Most common lesions referred to venules, capillaries and arterioles were swelling and proliferation of endothelial cells, adherence of lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrofiles to the endothelium, their margination and diapedesis. Also destructive changes in the endothelial cells, basement membrane thickening due to their multiplication and microthrombi were observed. Platelet aggregates, fibrin, fragments of desintegrated cells and deposits of granulofibrillary substance corresponding to fibrinoid necrosis were frequently seen. In 7 patients, lesions of this kind were found only in electronograms. It can be assumed that the evaluation of ultrastructural changes in the microcirculatory vessels may be of great significance as a complementary diagnostic examination in future determination of RA progression and further prognostication.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Intermediate cells in chronic pancreatitis--ultrastructural observations.

Ultrastructural evaluation of the pancreas resected due to advanced chronic pancreatitis revealed the presence of numerous intermediate cells exhibiting both the morphologic features of the exocrine-acinar cell and those of the endocrine cell of Langerhans'islets in 3 out of 5 cases examined. The analysis of ultrastructural pictures showed a predominance of acinar-alpha, beta cells, although acinar-alpha and acinar-beta cells were also found. The role of an increases in the number of intermediate cells in chronic pancreatitis is not clear and requires further investigations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructural evaluation of hepatocytes membranes and changes in cytosolic enzymes distribution in methanol intoxication.

Acute methanol intoxication causes metabolic and structural disturbances of liver cells. The aim of this paper, therefore, was to evaluate the ultrastructure of liver cells membrane and the amount of lipid peroxidation products, as well as the concentration of marker enzymes of liver damage (ALT and AST) in blood serum. The experiment was done on Wistar rats which once received intragastrically 6,0 g methanol/kg b.w. as a 50% solution. The animals were decapitated 6, 12 and 24 h and 2, 5 and 7 days after the methanol administration. The liver was evaluated under transmission electron microscope and lipid peroxidation products were determined in the liver homogenate. The serum ALT and AST activity were also assayed. The biochemical results indicate the increase in lipid peroxidation products. The consequence of this is probably the membrane liver cell damage visible in the electron microscope.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructural evaluation of lysosomes and biochemical changes in cathepsin D distribution in hepatocytes in methanol intoxication.

Methanol oxidation is accompanied by free radicals and formaldehyde formation. It is likely to cause damage of lysosomal membranes. Lysosomal ultrastructure under transmission electron microscope and biochemical localization of cathepsin D were estimated after rats intoxication with methanol. The examination was carried out 6, 12 and 24 h and 2.5 and 7 days after intoxication. Ultrastructural examination showed that methanol causes extension of Golgi apparatus cisterns and an increase in a number of lysosomes. From 12 h to 2 days lysosomes were characterized by damage of structure of membrane enclosing lysosomes. During the first days of intoxication activity of cathepsin D decreased in lysosomes and increased in cytosol. These changes may lead to uncontrolled extralysosomal proteolysis in the liver cells and to the onset of liver tissue destruction.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructural studies of the effect of pentoxyfylline on the hepatic cell of the rat with simultaneous administration of cyclophosphamide.

Ultrastructural examinations carried out on liver specimens collected from Wistar rats revealed that single administration of cyclophosphamide in a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight produced changes in the cytoplasmic structures, particularly in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. The changes were reversible and subsided 14 days following cyclophosphamide administration. Administration of pentoxyfylline to rats in a dose of 30 mg/kg b.w./day for 10 days induced structural alterations in the intracytoplasmic structures of hepatocytes, similar to those caused by cyclophosphamide, although more intensified in the vicinity of the vascular pole. The pentoxyfylline-induced changes in hepatocytes retreated already 4 days after its withdrawal and can be considered adaptative. Simultaneous administration of both drugs to rats resulted in enhanced metabolic disturbances in hepatocytes and dissociation of adaptative mechanisms manifesting themselves in irreversible morphological changes in the intracytoplasmic structures and in the occurrence of collagen in the intercellular spaces.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructure of bone marrow megakaryocytes in experimental haemorrhagic shock in rats. I. Correlation between ultrastructure of MK nuclei and DNA ploidy.

The correlation was described between the ultrastructural picture and DNA mass content of MK nuclei in experimental haemorrhagic shock in rats. Significant disproportions were revealed between the morphological pictures and the ploidy of MK nuclei in the successive phases of the shock. Abnormalities of the maturation of marrow MK nuclei were found in the first hours of the shock, being most pronounced in the 24th hour.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Ultrastructure of bone marrow megakaryocytes in experimental haemorrhagic shock in rats. II. Correlation between ultrastructure of MK cytoplasm and thrombopoiesis.

Ultrastructural evaluation was performed of the MK cytoplasm in the successive phases of experimental haemorrhagic shock in rats. Qualitative abnormalities were revealed in the intracytoplasmic structures of MK. Platelets in the circulating blood were evaluated. A correlation was found between the changes in the intracytoplasmic organelles and the number and biological activity of blood cells. The results obtained indicate significant disturbances in the functioning of the thrombopoietic system in experimental haemorrhagic shock, which are caused by alterations within the intracytoplasmic structures of MK and lead to platelet production from morphologically differentiated but functionally immature MK.

Animals↗