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C Anger

Publications and source records attributed to C Anger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A comparison of cyst age and assay method of the efficacy of contact lens disinfectants against Acanthamoeba.

AIMS: (i) To determine effect of Acanthamoeba cyst age, method of production, and (ii) to assay technique on the efficacy of multipurpose solutions (MPS) and hydrogen peroxide based contact lens disinfectants. (iii) To establish if MPS can remove mature cysts from contact lenses according to the ISO/DIS 14729 regimen test for microbe removal. METHODS: Immature and mature cysts of A polyphaga were tested against the MPS Opti-Free express and the hydrogen peroxide based solutions Oxysept 1Step and Oxysept 1 using two assay methods. Simulated patient regimen testing was performed with the Opti-Free express and Complete using mature cysts inoculated on to group I or group IV lenses. RESULTS: Immature cysts were sensitive to disinfection by all solutions. No killing was observed with mature cysts with Opti-Free express, while immature cysts yielded a 1-2 log reduction in viability. Oxysept 1Step gave a 1.1 (SD 0.3) log reduction in mature cysts after 6 hours. Oxysept 1 gave a 2.4 (0.3) log reduction in mature cysts after 4 hours and a 3.8 (0.5) log reduction after 6 hours. Patient regimen testing using Opti-Free express and Complete resulted in no recovery of viable mature cysts from the contact lenses or from the soaking solutions. CONCLUSION: Cyst age but not method of production used in this study influences the efficacy of contact lens disinfectants against Acanthamoeba. MPS are effective in removing cysts from contact lens surfaces and may have a role in the prevention of acanthamoeba keratitis.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1993

[N2O-supplemented intravenous anesthesia versus inhalation anesthesia. A comparative study of the sympathoadrenergic reaction and postoperative vigilance].

The aim of the present study was a comparison of the intraoperative sympathoadrenergic response and the postoperative vigilance of a propofol/alfentanil anaesthesia to a conventional isoflurane anaesthesia. 25 patients were admitted to the study undergoing septorhino surgery. Patients with continuous intravenous anaesthesia with propofol/alfentanil combined with nitrous oxide showed better haemodynamic conditions without an increase of blood pressure and catecholamines under laryngoscopy, intubation and surgical stimulation. In contrast to that the patients with isoflurane anesthesia showed a significant increase in haemodynamic parameters and capillary bloodflow. The measured plasma adrenalin levels showed wide intraindividual fluctuation but no significant difference between the groups. The suppression of plasma noradrenaline was more pronounced under intravenous anaesthesia. Recovery was significantly faster and vigilance significantly better in the patients undergoing intravenous anaesthesia. After 30 min patients with i.v. anaesthesia fulfilled all the conditions to be transferred to the regular ward; the other group needed more than one hour. It can be concluded that continuous i.v. anaesthesia with propofol/alfentanil is superior in suppressing the stress response to invasive stimuli and provides faster recovery and better postoperative analgesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Value of standard radiographies in the diagnosis of rotator cuff rupture].

To assess the value of the Leclercq maneuver (anteroposterior roentgenogram of the shoulder during resisted active abduction) for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear, the medical records of 93 patients evaluated by glenohumeral arthrography, standard radiographs, and radiographs taken using the Leclercq maneuver were retrospectively reviewed. The comparison of patients with (n = 53) and without (n = 40) arthrographic evidence of rotator cuff tear demonstrated statistically significant differences for mean acromiohumeral space difference between the normal and affected shoulders, for the acromiohumeral space difference between the standard film and Leclercq maneuver film, and for presence of an inferior glenohumeral diastasis on the Leclercq maneuver film. An acromiohumeral space of 7 mm or less on standard radiographs proved a specific (0.975) but insensitive (0.24) sign of rotator cuff tear. This parameter measured on the Leclercq maneuver film exhibited better sensitivity (0.62) and excellent specificity. Other criteria with good specificity for rotator cuff tear included an acromiohumeral space difference between the normal and abnormal side of 2 mm or more (0.97), an acromiohumeral space difference between standard and Leclercq maneuver films of at least 4 mm, and existence of an inferior glenohumeral diastasis; however, sensitivities of these three parameters were poor (respectively 0.65; 0.20; and 0.19).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arthrography↗
PubMed1992

[Prophylactic administration of glucocorticoids prior to microlaryngoscopies?].

Intravenous glucocorticoids before direct laryngoscopy? The necessity of a preventive injection of corticoids before direct laryngoscopy was determined in a prospective, double blind study. 51 patients, who underwent direct laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia, received either 250 mg methylprednisolone in 10 ml NaCl 0.9% (corticoid group) or 10 ml NaCl (NaCl group) intravenously one hour before laryngoscopy. Oedema formation and the degree of inflammation in the pharynx and hypopharynx were examined on the day prior to surgery and three to four hours postoperatively. Complications of the airways were noted in the immediate postoperative phase and at the time of the second examination. Direct laryngoscopy did not induce any significant change in oedema formation or degree of inflammation in both groups. However, there was a correlation between the duration of surgery and the degree of increase in oedema and inflammation in the NaCl group but not in the corticoid group. No difference between the groups was noted with regard to postoperative complications of the airways. Based on the present study, routine application of corticoids to prevent oedema after direct laryngoscopy cannot be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of preventive glucocorticoid administration on edema formation and inflammation susceptibility after microlaryngoscopy].

51 patients, who underwent direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia, received either 250 mg Methyprednisolone or 10 ml NaCl 0.9% intraveneously in a prospective, double blind study. 4-5 hours after microlaryngoscopy they were examined in regard to edema and size of redness of certain anatomical structures of the larynx and hypopharynx. Findings were compared to the results which had been found on the eve of the operation. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, in the NaCl-Group there was a direct correlation between the edema formation and inflammatory reaction on one hand and the duration of surgery on the other hand. Routine prescription of Cortisone before mikrolaryngoscopy is not necessary, but is recommended, when the operation is expected to take a long time, around more than 30 min.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1992

[Long-term results of chymopapain chemonucleolysis].

Results of chemonucleolysis were evaluated (on the basis of residual pain, occupational activities, physical activities, and use of analgesics) in 125 of 162 consecutive patients with lower back pain and sciatica associated with documented vertebral disc protrusion who were managed and followed up for at least five years. Results were satisfactory in 62% of patients. Among 82 patients evaluated during a follow-up visit, 30% were free of symptoms, 38% had lower back pain, and 30% had radicular pain; however, among symptomatic patients, 67% had no limitations of activities of daily living. Results were significantly less favorable in power drill workers and in patients who had chemonucleolysis at the L4-L5 level. These data are evidence that chemonucleolysis provides good long-term results.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Iliopsoas bursitis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the relative humidity and temperature in the inspiratory part of the Dräger circle system and their influence on the function of the ciliary epithelium].

Changes in relative humidity and temperature of the anaesthetic gases were measured in the inspiratory limb of the Dräger circle system next to the carbon dioxide absorber in 29 patients requiring ENT surgery under general anaesthesia. Immediately following intubation and prior to extubation, nasal and tracheal cytologic samples were taken with a brush technique and ciliary beat frequency was determined. At a fresh gas flow of 6 l/min, relative humidity increased from 57.6 +/- 1.5 to 62.5 +/- 1.8% (p less than 0.05) after 110 minutes. Temperature increased continuously from 21.96 +/- 0.97 degrees C to 23.83 +/- 0.48 degrees C after 200 minutes. The number of vital ciliated cells in the tracheal samples decreased from 24.4% following induction of anaesthesia to 6% at the end of anaesthesia (p less than 0.05), and from 35.7% to 26.8% (p less than 0.05) in the nasal samples. Ciliary beat frequency remained unchanged at the end of anaesthesia as compared to control in tracheal as well as in nasal samples. It is concluded that the output of relative humidity and temperature in the circle system is not sufficient to prevent broncho-epithelial damage. Ciliary beat automaticity appears to behave according to an all or nothing principle.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of nifedipine and urapidil on autoregulation of cerebral circulation in the presence of an intracranial space occupying lesion].

We investigated in dogs with an intracranial space occupying lesion the effects of the antihypertentive agents nifedipine and urapidile on intracranial pressure (ICP) and intracerebral autoregulation. During the application of nifedipine the ICP rose significantly whereas urapidile had no influence on the ICP. By continuous angiotensin infusion the mean arterial pressure was raised by 50% by which a simultaneous increase of the ICP could be seen in the nifedipine group, whereas the urapidile group remained unaffected.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Treatment of intraoperative hypertensive emergencies in patients with intracranial disease.

In patients with neuropathologic processes leading to disturbed cerebrovascular autoregulation, sudden increases in arterial blood pressure may lead to a sudden elevation in cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. Therefore, sudden increases in arterial pressure should be assiduously avoided in the perioperative period. Hypertensive episodes may occur at any time during anesthesia, but are more likely to occur (1) during laryngoscopy and intubation, (2) at the time of skin incision, (3) at extubation, and (4) during awakening. In patients with cardiovascular disease, such hypertensive episodes may also cause deterioration of the cardiovascular situation. Catecholamines are the principal mediators of such intraoperative hypertensive reactions. There are 2 options available to the anesthesiologist: (1) attempt to suppress this response after it has occurred, or (2) prevent its occurrence at the outset. Treatment of hypertension often relies on agents that relax vascular smooth muscle. In patients with compromised intracranial compliance, however, cerebral vasodilation must be avoided because it leads to an increase in cerebral blood volume. This, in turn, may raise intracranial pressure and result either in herniation of brain contents or a decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure leading to brain ischemia. Different pharmacologic means of preventing or suppressing such intraoperative hypertensive reactions are reviewed. Many of the drugs reviewed resulted in adverse effects that could preclude their use in patients with reduced intracranial compliance. Alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers can safely be administered to such patients.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Reactions of the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract to intubation anesthesia].

During insufflation anaesthesia the ciliary beat frequency of the ciliated cells of the trachea and the nasal cavity was assessed via vital cytological sampling from these sites before and after anaesthesia. The percentage of vital and dead ciliated cells as well as the percentage of squamous cells was counted in a chamber.-It was found that the ciliary beat frequency did not change significantly, whereas the number of vital ciliated cells in the tracheal samples was significantly reduced and the vitality of the epithelia in the nose showed a minor change. It must be presumed that the observed noxious effects on the tracheal epithelium are due to inhaled gases, since the temperature and humidity in the ventilation circuit are within a range known not to violate the ciliary epithelium. Apart from that, the intubation itself might produce reflexes in the mucosal layer.

Anesthesia, Endotracheal↗
PubMed1988

Permeation of the blood-brain barrier by urapidil and its influence on intracranial pressure in man in the presence of compromised intracranial dynamics.

We studied eight patients undergoing craniotomy for intracerebral tumour surgery requiring monitoring of intracranial pressure. All these patients showed significantly increased systolic arterial pressure, during anaesthesia. Following an average dose of 0.8 +/- 0.22 mg/kg urapidil, systolic arterial pressure returned to baseline values without a significant change in intracranial pressure. In nine patients, urapidil concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were assayed following an intravenous injection of urapidil. Urapidil was found in the cerebrospinal fluid in concentrations between 5 and 99 ng/ml after total cumulative bolus injections of 10-75 mg. There is evidence that in clinically applied doses urapidil permeates the blood-brain barrier and reaches cerebrospinal fluid concentrations that allow an interaction with central 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptors.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1988

[The behavior of intracranial pressure and intracranial compliance in nifedipine-induced hypotension].

The influence of nifedipine induced hypotension on intracranial pressure (ICP) and intracranial compliance (ICC) was investigated in dogs without (group I, n = 8) and with (group II, n = 8) intracranial hypertension. ICP in group II was raised by gradual inflation of an epidurally placed balloon catheter. A volume-pressure-response curve (VPR) was established before and during the administration of nifedipine. In group II dogs angiotensin was infused before and during infusion of nifedipine in a dose sufficient to raise mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 30-40 mm Hg. An infusion of nifedipine (2 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) subsequent to a bolus injection of nifedipine (10 micrograms X kg-1) resulted in a significant and sustained decrease in MAP (p less than 0.05) by 25% and 35% resp. due to a significant reduction in total peripheral resistance (p less than 0.05). ICP increased from 8.7 +/- 3.0 mm Hg to a maximum of 12.5 +/- 5.2 mm Hg in group I animals (p less than 0.05) and from 19.8 +/- 2.6 mm Hg to 24.8 +/- 7.2 mm Hg not significantly in group II dogs. The pressure-volume-index revealed a slight reduction of ICC in group I and a slight increase of ICC in group II resp. during nifedipine as compared to before nifedipine. When angiotensin was being administered in group II dogs before nifedipine was given, MAP increased by 40 +/- 5.8 mm Hg while ICP did not change significantly (+2 +/- 2.4 mm Hg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1988

Antihypertensive mechanism of ketanserin in postoperative hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass.

The effect of ketanserin (0.15 mg/kg followed by an infusion at 6 mg/hr) was studied in 13 patients who developed hypertension (blood pressure greater than 150/90 mm Hg) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for coronary artery bypass grafting. Eleven patients responded to ketanserin with a decrease of arterial pressure from 159 +/- 15/83 +/- 10 mm Hg to 131 +/- 9/70 +/- 12 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), which was sustained during the subsequent infusion of ketanserin. Mean plasma ketanserin concentrations were maintained at 187 micrograms/L (range 118-525). No significant changes in plasma levels of 5-hydroxyindoles or in platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine content were observed during or after CPB, or after administration of ketanserin. Plasma epinephrine (398 +/- 124 pg/ml) and norepinephrine (1161 +/- 673 pg/ml) concentrations were markedly increased during the hypertensive period after CPB. Plasma epinephrine concentrations decreased (P less than 0.01) during ketanserin infusion to 213 +/- 101 pg/ml, whereas plasma norepinephrine concentrations did not change. The pressor response to three graded doses of phenylephrine was decreased during CPB (P less than 0.01), and a further decrease (P less than 0.05) occurred during infusion of ketanserin. The hypotensive effect of ketanserin after CPB may be attributable to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade rather than to its antiserotoninergic effect. Serotonin does not appear to be involved in the short-term disturbances of arterial pressure during or after CPB.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The influence of ketanserin, droperidol and hydergine on postoperative hypertension during early recovery following major abdominal surgery.

Forty adult patients, who developed postoperative hypertension (greater than 160/90 mm Hg) following major abdominal surgery were given double-blind, randomized either ketanserin 10 mg i.v. (n = 10), droperidol 5 mg i.v. (n = 10), hydergine 0.9 mg i.v. (n = 10) or placebo solution (n = 10). Following the injection of ketanserin or droperidol systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01), but were no longer significantly lowered 30 minutes following the injection in 5 out of 10 ketanserin treated and in 8 out of ten droperidol treated patients. Neither hydergine nor placebo had a significant effect on blood pressure. It is concluded, that both ketanserin and droperidol have a moderate and short acting antihypertensive effect.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Changes in neuronal activity of the monkey precentral cortex during preparation for movement.

The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in neuronal activity of the motor cortex associated with preparation for movement. Monkeys were trained to perform a between-hands choice-reaction time (RT) task. They pressed upon two levers with both hands and, after a preparatory period of 1-s duration initiated by a warning tone, they must point at either a left- or right-located target, when illuminated as a response signal, with either the left or right hand. The level of preparation for performing either sided movement was changed by manipulating, across block of trials, the relative probabilities for the left and right hands to point at the corresponding target. When considering behavioral data averaged over daily sessions, it was found that RT significantly decreased as response probability increased, whereas movement time (MT) was not affected. However, large changes in this rule were observed when data collected within a single session were considered. Response probability manipulation was acting on RT alone in 27% of sessions, on MT alone in 19% of sessions, and on both RT and MT in 17% of sessions. Statistically significant trial-by-trial correlations between RT and MT were found; of positive sign for 34% of sessions and of negative sign for 12% of sessions. Electromyographic recordings from the biceps and triceps brachii showed that muscle activity remained stable during the preparatory period, both muscles of the performing arm began to be coactivated about 70-130 ms before the lever release, biceps activation being progressively larger than that of the triceps, and the rising slope of biceps activation was steeper for short than for long RTs. Single-cell recording techniques were used to study the neuronal activity of primary motor cortex during the performance of the task. One hundred and fifteen units in area 4, whose activity was recorded during a whole experimental session, were selected for further analysis. Disregarding 4% of units which did not exhibit any movement-related change in activity, it was found that twenty-one percent of units were related to contralateral movements only, 2% to ipsilateral movements only, and 73% to both sided movements. Among this last subset, 27% of units exhibited reciprocal movement-related changes in activity, the most often an excitation for contralateral movements and an inhibition for ipsilateral movements, and 50% of units exhibited a movement-related change in activity in the same direction for both movements, the most often an excitation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Auscultatory measurement of arterial pressure during anaesthesia: a reassessment of Korotkoff sounds.

The accuracy of the indirect auscultatory method, using Korotkoff sounds for determination of arterial pressures, was investigated by comparison with direct intra-arterial measurements. Eight hundred and sixty-three comparisons were made in 25 patients aged between 27 and 75 years over blood pressures ranging from 59 to 235 mmHg for systolic and 28 to 145 mmHg for diastolic. The regression equation for all systolic pressure measurements was y = 13.9 + 0.81x, and for all diastolic pressure measurements was y = 21.4 + 0.71x. Although there was a significant (P less than 0.001) correlation coefficient between direct and indirect measurements for both systolic (r = 0.93) and diastolic pressures (r = 0.79), the 95% confidence limits (+/- 22 mmHg for systolic and +/- 19 mmHg for diastolic) were very wide, reflecting the influences of observer variation and other sources of error.

Adult↗