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Biomedical subjects

C Bengtsson

Publications and source records attributed to C Bengtsson.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Impairment of glucose metabolism during treatment with antihypertensive drugs.

A reversible deterioration of the oral glucose tolerance has been reported in subjects with initially impaired glucose tolerance when starting to take oral diuretics. This does not seem to be the case in subjects with an initially unimpaired glucose tolerance. A deterioration in the diabetic state is commonly seen when diuretics are given to subjects with clinical diabetes. Our knowledge about the effect of beta-blockers on the glucose tolerance is limited. As for diuretics there seems to be an overrepresentation of diabetics among subjects taking beta-blockers. This overrepresentation can probably be explained by an association between diabetes and disturbances in which diuretics and beta-blockers are commonly used such as arterial hypertension and ischaemic heart disease.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Elevated serum uric acid levels during treatment with antihypertensive drugs.

An increase in serum uric acid levels has been observed both during treatment with diuretics and beta-blockers. The increase during treatment with beta-blockers seems in most cases to be of no clinical importance and is not a reason for serum uric acid determinations of subjects who have no symptoms indicating hyperuricaemia. During treatment with diuretics in those doses which have been commonly used previously, e.g. hydrochlorothiazide or chlorthalidone greater than or equal to 50 mg/d, an increase on an average of about 90 mumol/l is to be expected. When low-dose diuretics are used (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide or chlorthalidone less than or equal to 25 mg/d) about half of this increase might be anticipated. It is recommended that serum uric acid levels should be studied after starting antihypertensive treatment with diuretics.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Menopausal age in relation to smoking.

A population study of women revealed more smokers among 50-year-old postmenopausal women than among women of the same age who still menstruated. The difference was statistically significant. The postmenopausal smokers had on average smoked as long as or longer than the smokers who still menstruated. The higher number of smokers among postmenopausal women could thus not be explained by these women starting to smoke in connection with the menopause. Non-smoking women were on average heavier than smoking women. Previous studies indicate that an increased amount of adipose tissue might delay the menopausal age. It is therefore possible that the difference in menopausal age between smoking and non-smoking women might be explained either by a delayed menopause in non-smoking women due to an increased amount of adipose tissue in these women, or by a precocious menopause in smokers due to toxic effects from smoking. Probably both factors are of importance, but our results indicate that smoking per se is the main factor. The increased number of smokers among women with precocious menopause can probably explain part of the overrepresentation of women with precocious menopause among those who have myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Haemoglobin concentration and peripheral blood cell counts in women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969.

Hb concentration, PCV, erythrocyte and leucocyte counts in the peripheral blood, MCV, MCH and MCHC in a population sample of 1462 women in ages between 38 and 60 years are presented. In addition, a description is given of thrombocyte counts in 38-year-old women. Significant differences with age were found for Hb concentration and PCV and for leucocyte counts. High correlations were found between Hb and PCV in the various age groups studied, while lower correlations were found between erythrocyte counts on one hand and Hb or PCV on the other. There was an overrepresentation of smokers among women with high Hb values and among those with high leucocyte counts. The higher leucocyte counts in the youngest age groups could be explained by the larger number of smokers in these ages. Thrombocyte counts were lower in smoking than in non-smoking women.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Characteristics of anaemic women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969.

Anaemic women (Hg concentration less than 120 g/l) who participated in a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden were compared to the women in the population sample as a whole. Due to the way of sampling and a high participation rate the sample was representative of women in Göteborg in the ages studied (age strata between 38 and 60). In the same way the anaemic women were representative of anaemic women in the same general population. Iron deficiency was found to be the main reason for the anaemia in the ages of 38-50 years. Except for big menstrual blood losses in anaemic women no reason for iron deficiency could be found. History of infectious diseases was about as common in anaemic women as in women in the total population sample. Sleeping habits, time off work and physical activity at work and during leisure time were similar in anaemic women and in women in the general population. The proportion of women who reported subjective feeling of tiredness was also similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum iron and transferrin saturation in women with special reference to women with low transferrin saturation. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969.

Serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were determined in a population sample of 1462 women in age strata between 38 and 60. Serum iron and TIBC values were similar in the various ages studied but with a slight trend towards higher serum iron and lower TIBC values in the upper ages. Transferrin saturation was used to divide the material arbitarily into women with and without iron deficiency. The dividing point chosen was 16%. The women thus defined as iron deficient had lower mean haemoglobin values than women in the total population sample and were more often anaemic. They had also lower MCV, MCH and MCHC indices than women in the total population sample. Of these indices, MCH seemed to discriminate the state of iron deficiency better than MCV and MCHC. Except for an increased mean menstrual blood loss no obvious cause of iron deficiency could be found in these women with low transferrin saturation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

An analysis of factors leading to a reduction in iron deficiency in Swedish women.

The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among Swedish women of child-bearing age has fallen markedly since the mid-1960s. At that time, population studies in Göteborg and Uppsala showed that iron deficiency anaemia was present in about 25-30% of women. Later, in population studies in Göteborg in 1968-69 and 1974-75, the prevalence in the same age group was found to have fallen to 6-7%. Several factors may explain the improved iron status. The level of iron fortification of flour was increased from 30 mg/kg of flour in 1943 to 65 mg in 1970, this increase adjusting the iron intake to compensate for the lower energy requirement and expenditure of present-day living habits. There has also been a marked increase in the intake of iron tablets and of tablets containing ascorbic acid.An analysis of various factors indicates that the 20-25% improvement in iron status can be accounted for by increased use of oral contraceptives (3-4%), the impact of increased iron fortification (7-8%), the widespread use of ascorbic acid supplements (3%), and greater prescribing of iron tablets (10%).This analysis of the factors leading to the marked reduction in the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among Swedish women may be useful to public health planners in other countries with similar problems. Our results indicate that several factors need to be considered when planning controlled field trials and evaluating the results obtained. The methods used to analyse the impact of different factors on the reduction in iron deficiency can also be used to predict the effects of various public health measures on the iron status of a population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Anthropometric data in middle-aged women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969.

Body weight, body height, skinfolds, circumferences and weight indices in a population sample of 1462 women in ages between 38 and 60 years are presented. Significant age differences were noted. High correlations (r) were found between body weight and triceps and subscapular skinfolds (0.62 and 0.72 respectively) and between body weight and arm, waist and buttock circumferences (0.75-0.88). Age differences were mostly noted between 46 and 50 years of age. After that age there was a comparatively greater increase of the waist circumference than of the buttock circumference, while triceps skinfold seemed to decrease after the age of 50 indicating an altered adipose tissue distribution from the extremities to the trunk with increasing age. When taking data from a previous study of body weight in the same population of women into consideration it seems that the age differences in body weight found in cross-sectional study like the present one may to a large extent depend on differences between different cohorts studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Adipose tissue cellularity--metabolic aspects. The population study of women in Göteborg 1974-1975.

A representative population sample of middle-aged women was studied in 1974-75. In a subsample, body composition and adipose tissue cellularity variables were determined and individuals with a particular clinical disorder were compared with the total subsample. Women with diabetes mellitus had more body fat and higher fat cell weights and larger fat cell members, whereas these variables did not differ in women with IHD or hypertension compared with the total subsample. Total body fat correlated with arterial BPs, fasting blood glucose, serum lipids and serum uric acid. The correlations were stronger than those reported previously by us between weight index and these variables. In univariate analyses, fat cell weight correlated with systolic BP, serum triglycerides and serum uric acid, and fat cell number with diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose and serum uric acid. In multivariate analyses, when due allowance was made for total body fat, the correlations between these variables and fat cell weight or fat cell number did not reach statistical significance.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Maximal work performance test in middle-aged women: results from a population study.

Based on sampling from official census lists a sample of middle-aged women was obtained in five different age strata; 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60 years. Based on date of birth a sub-set was sampled for maximal exercise testing. The participation rate was 81% and 194 women underwent the test. In sixteen women the test was interrupted due to poor cooperation or clinical contra-indications against continued loading. 54% of the women considered the maximal load to be at least very straining according to a standardized scale for perceived exertion. The average maximal load decreased from 113 to 98 W with advancing age. In the highest age group only 16% exceeded 130 W compared to 43% in the youngest group. Maximum heart rate decreased with age but maximum respiratory frequency and perceived exertion did not. Systolic blood pressure 2 min after maximal work increased with age. Minnesota Code items 4:1-3 and 5:1-3 were demonstrated in 30% of the women, mainly in the older age strata. Other ECG-abnormalities were uncommon. Despite the widely differing incidence of myocardial infarction these ischaemic ECG-abnormalities were as common in women as in a comparative sample of men. This observation questions the traditional interpretation of the exercise induced ECG response in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The population study of women in Göteborg 1974--1975--the second phase of a longitudinal study. General design, purpose and sampling results.

A study of a population sample of women in Göteborg aged 38--60 years was carried out in 1968--1969. This population sample has been re-studied during the years 1974--1975. Altogether 1302 women participated in this second study, which means 89.1% of those studied in 1968--1969 and 80.3% of those initially sampled. Twenty-six women had died during the interval between the two studies, more than half of them from neoplastic disease. Information is given about those who had moved or were inaccessible at the time of the second study or who refused to participate. The performance of the examination is described and research projects are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Overweight in women--metabolic aspects. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968--1969.

In a population sample of 1462 women aged 38--60 years, those with overweight were studied separately and compared with the women in the total population sample. Overweight was defined as the upper 5% of a weight index in the various ages studied and the weight index as (formula: see text). Significant differences, with higher values in the overweight women, were found for serum triglycerides, serum uric acid and arterial BP. Smoking was significantly less common in the overweight women. Serum cholesterol was similar in overweight women and in women in the total sample. Higher values for some risk factors for ischaemic heart disease in the overweight group of women thus seemed to be compensated to some extent by a lower number of smokers in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Plasma lipid changes in the female in aging and the menopause. Results from three population studies.

Postabsorbtive plasma lipid levels have been analyzed in studies of the female population in the Swedish city of Gothenburg. The population samples cover the ages 15, 23, 30, 38, 40, 45, 46, 50, 54, 60 and 70. In some groups data are available from both cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal studies. Cross-sectional studies showed a successive increase in total plasma cholesterol from 15 to 54 years of age. Longitudinal studies showed a further increase at least up to 60 years of age. The triglyceride level remained rather constant between 15 and 30 years of age, then increased but was again rather similar in the 40--50-year olds and reached the highest level in the 60- and 70-year samples. The total phospholipid curve was approximately parallel with the cholesterol curve at younger ages but nearer the cholesterol curve at higher ages. The composition of the plasma phospholipid fraction apparently changed at the ages around the menopause, mainly due to an increase in the proportions of lecithin and lysolecithin. Data available allowed considerations concerning possible influences on plasma lipids by age, by changes in dietary habits and body composition, as well as by gonadal steroid hormones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The study of women in Gothenburg 1968-1969. Intake of energy and nutrients in five age groups.

Women from five age groups (38, 46, 50, 54, and 60 years), participating in the population study "Women in Gothenburg 1968-1969", were subjected to a 24-hour recall dietary interview (n = 1361). In a randomized subsample (n = 418), a dietary history was obtained and individuals in another randomized subsample (n = 755) submitted a 24-hour urine specimen for nitrogen analyses. There were significant differences between the 24-hour recall and dietary history figures in all five age groups with respect to energy and all nutrients. The mean protein intake calculated indirectly from the urinary nitrogen excretion came close to the figures calculated from the dietary histories in four out of five age groups. The energy intake and, consequently, the intake of most nutrients calculated from the dietary histories were higher than generally ascribed to Swedish women, as most previous data have been obtained by 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Most women (71-89% in the different age groups) consumed too much fat and most women of fertile age (80-92%) consumed too little iron. A significant decrease in the mean energy intake was apparent only in the age group 60, i.e. 1870 kcal versus 1965--2 105 in the other groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Work capacity in women in relation to age as judged from a maximal work performance test.

Work performance test could be carried out on a population sample of women aged 38-60 years without complications. The work capacity decreased with increasing age and at the same time the maximal heart rate during work decreased with increasing age. Blood pressure increased with age and these differences between the various ages were about the same as at rest. Respiratory frequency and perceived exertion on maximal work were similar in the ages studied. ECG changes were common and were found to be as common as in men who had been studied with the same technique and in the same ages. As ECG changes were very common and as myocardial infraction is very seldom in women of these ages, ECG changes during and after work did not seem to be a good discriminator of women subjected to myocardial infraction.

Adult↗