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Biomedical subjects

C Benoit

Publications and source records attributed to C Benoit.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Efficacy of pyrantel tartrate against experimental infections with Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goats.

The efficacy of pyrantel tartrate was evaluated in goats against induced infections with Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. All the strains were of sheep origin and tested for susceptibility to pyrantel tartrate in sheep at the standard dose rate (20 mg kg-1) prior to the infection of goats. Fifteen French Alpine female goats were inoculated with the three nematode species. On Day 25 post-infection, goats were randomized into an untreated control group and two pyrantel treatment groups (20 mg kg-1 bodyweight once, and 40 mg kg-1 bodyweight as two doses 24 h apart). The goats were killed and processed for worm recovery 10 days after treatment. The two dose rates achieved high and similar levels of efficacy (> 96%) against Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta. Against Trichostrongylus colubriformis, however, pyrantel tartrate was less effective at both dose rates as worm reductions ranged from 55 to 62%.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Individual fluctuations in efficacy of febantel against Muellerius capillaris in goats.

One hundred and eighty-seven dairy goats originating from 7 farms in western France were treated individually with febantel (probenzimidazole drug) at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg in spring 1991. Individual faecal samples were collected on d 0, 7 and 21 post-treatment and processed for counting first stage larvae of Muellerius capillaris (LPG: larvae per gram of faeces). Eggs of digestive tract strongyles were also counted on d 0 and 7 (EPG: eggs per gram of faeces). Blood samples were taken on d 0 to assess pepsinogen concentration related to abomasal damage caused by strongyle infection. The individual characteristics of the goats were recorded. The procedure was repeated on the same animals in autumn 1991. The faecal larval count reduction (FLCR) was mainly related to farm and season: farm 1 in the spring and farm 6 in the autumn showed a higher proportion of high responder (HR) goats (FLCR > 80%), whereas farm 3 exhibited a lower proportion of HR goats in the autumn. On the other hand, the characteristics of the goats (breed, physiological status, age, weight, presence or absence of wattles and horns) as well as the initial level of parasitism (LPG, EPG and pepsinogen concentration) all had a role which was limited or zero on the variability of response to treatment. Goats could not be individually categorized according to their response level because the FLCR values obtained in the spring were not repeated in the autumn, suggesting that other environmental parameters could be involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Histomorphometry and photodensitometry of osteons with hypercalcified ring of human compact bone].

Osteons with hypercalcified ring were measured by photodensitometry and histomorphometry in the tibial diaphysis of 20 male and female subjects died from 23 to 93 years, the age-related decrease of cortical bone volume corresponded to wide Haversian canals. However, the osteons with a hypercalcified ring had a narrow canal. Moreover, the radio pacity of the hypermineralized ring was 20 to 30% higher than the adjacent parts of the osteon and the central part was nearly never less mineralized than the peripheric one. So the hypercalcified ring did not appear to be an arrest line. It may be suggested that it constitutes a sign of cortical bone senescence.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1989

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions by the mycobacterial antigen A60 and cutaneous testing in tuberculosis.

Antigen A60 has been purified from the cytoplasm of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, and its composition has been determined: it has proved to be able to elicit immune reactions of both humoral and cellular type. Inoculation of A60 into the footpad of mice previously sensitized with the same antigen, or with whole mycobacterial cells produced a footpad swelling showing a peak at 24 h. Similar delayed hypersensitivity reactions were induced in sensitized guinea-pigs by subcutaneous injection of an A60 dose of 0.01 micrograms (minimal revealing dose). A quantity thousandfold higher (15 micrograms A60) was unable to induce in unsensitized guinea pigs the mounting of a cellular immunisation against A60, as shown by negative cutaneous testings 1 month later. Our results show that A60 preparations satisfied the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia Commission and met the WHO recommendations for new tuberculins. Handicaps of old tuberculin and PPD (heterogeneous mixtures titrated biologically and unstable in solution) can be overcome by A60 preparations (a single antigen spectrophoretically measurable and stable).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The professional socialisation of midwives: balancing art and science.

Mastery of esoteric knowledge is one of the central features assigned by sociologists to fully professionalised service occupations, together with an orientation towards public service. There are, nevertheless, different views about the best way in which this education and socialisation can be provided for new recruits for practitioner roles. Some maintain that the university provides an ideal training ground. Critics of this view, however, call for a rejection of "university diploma mills' and a return to the type of apprenticeship socialisation common during the premodern era. This paper tests the usefulness of these perspectives in understanding the occupational socialisation of Newfoundland and Labrador midwives. Three major styles of training - traditional apprenticeship, vocational schooling and university education - can be discerned. In comparison to both apprenticeship and academic styles of occupational socialisation, only vocational training nicely blended the art and science of midwifery to produce competent and committed professionals.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1987

Routine high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of carboxylic acids in wines and champagne.

Carboxylic acids have an important influence on the biological stability and the organoleptic properties of wines. A simple, rapid and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of the main carboxylic acids (tartaric, malic, shikimic, lactic, acetic, citric, succinic, fumaric and propionic acids) in wines is described. There is no interference from either sugars or amino acids. The method does not need any preparation or extraction of the sample. The linearity, the level of detection, the repeatability and the reproducibility were studied for each acid. The results are compared with those obtained by chemical and enzymatic assays.

Carboxylic Acids↗
PubMed1987

Immunological properties of antigen 60 of BCG. Induction of humoral and cellular immune reactions.

Antigen 60 (A60), a member of the thermostable macromolecular antigen family (TMA) and main component of old tuberculin and purified protein derivative (PPD), has been purified from the cytoplasm of Mycobacterium bovis BCG; its structure and metabolism have already been described. In the present paper, the action of A60 on humoral immunity has been analysed by an ELISA type immunoassay, and that on cellular immunity by the mouse footpad swelling test. Injection of very low A60 doses into unprimed mice produced an undetectable level of anti-A60 antibodies; the effect of a booster inoculation was not appreciable in the absence of incomplete Freund's adjuvant, but was evident when the latter was added. Higher doses of the antigen produced an appreciable primary response, and a sharp and long-lasting secondary response, which had a 10-fold higher intensity in the presence of incomplete adjuvant. No detectable delayed hypersensitivity reactions were observed in unprimed mice after footpad injection of A60, whereas clear responses were elicited in primed mice. This effect was more pronounced when the footpad was injected after a secondary response than after a primary response, and it was invariably magnified by incomplete adjuvant. It is concluded that A60 is a powerful immunogen, which is able to induce primary and secondary responses and delayed hypersensitivity reactions, effects that are adjuvant-modulated and develop concurrently.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Long-term treatment of epilepsy: open multicenter trial with progabide in epileptic patients.

A long-term open multicenter trial was carried out in 15 European centers with therapy-resistant epileptics to evaluate the efficacy and safety of progabide, a new antiepileptic GABA receptor agonist; 187 patients, suffering from partial epilepsy (57%), primary generalized epilepsy (20%), secondary generalized epilepsy (21%), and unclassified generalized epilepsy (2%), participated in the study. All patients had a total seizure frequency higher than one per month in spite of standard antiepileptic medication; 46% had a mean partial seizure frequency from daily to weekly. Progabide was administered at a mean daily dose of 30.5 mg/kg/day as an add-on to the standard antiepileptic drugs up to one year in 115 patients; 37 patients (19.8%) dropped out because of reasons which were not drug-related (bad compliance, lost to follow-up); in 12 patients (6.5%) progabide was withdrawn for side effects and in 20 (10.7%) for lack of efficacy. 71.3% of patients treated for one year (62% considering the 'cumulative' number of patients) experienced more than a 50% reduction in seizure frequency. This reduction was equally present in patients with partial epilepsy (63.9%) and with generalized epilepsy (62.2% of patients with primary and 57.1% with secondary generalized epilepsy). No signs of tolerance phenomena to the antiepileptic effect of progabide were observed. No side effects were reported in 56.7% of the patients. Clinical side effects were mild and transient, leading to progabide discontinuation in 6.5% of the patients only; an increase in SGPT was observed in 5.7% of the patients, these increases were transient and without any clinical symptom.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Amnesia and stiff-man syndrome. Manifestations disclosing paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis].

The authors report a case of hypertonia, the clinical and electrophysiological features of which were identical to those of the Stiff-man syndrome first described by Moersch and Woltman in 1956. This and the five other previously reported cases can be attributed to encephalomyelitis of the anterior horns of the spinal cord. All of these cases had severe but partial involvement of the anterior horns and the probable physiopathological mechanism of the resulting contractures was elective destruction of the small inhibitory neurones. In the present case, the association of a limbic encephalitis and secondary exteriorization of a carcinoma of the pharynx, strongly suggested a paraneoplasic encephalomyelitis. This is the first report indicating an association between the Stiff man syndrome and a paraneoplastic syndrome. Another point of interest was the spectacular response of the hypertonia to steroid therapy suggesting a central neuropharmacological effect quite apart from the non specific anti-inflammatory action on the encephalomyelitis.

Amnesia↗