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Biomedical subjects

C Chartier

Publications and source records attributed to C Chartier.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Main features of helminth parasitism in cattle in Ituri (Haut-Zaire). III. Geographic distribution and prevalence of the main helminths].

A necropsic survey, carried out in eleven slaughterhouses in Ituri (Haut-Zaïre), has permitted to define the geographic distribution and prevalences of the main cattle helminths. Trematodes, except the paramphistomes, had a very heterogeneous distribution. Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica ranged from 9 to 72% according to the sites, but these variations were not linked to topographic or climatologic parameters. The infection with Schistosoma bovis was much variable as well (12.5 to 72%) and seemed absent from the central high altitude area. The occurrence of Dicrocoelium hospes was restricted to the northern part of Ituri with a moderate prevalence of about 35%. By contrast, nematodes had a fairly homogeneous distribution in Ituri. Prevalences were high for gastro-intestinal strongyles of the following genera, Haemonchus, Cooperia and Oesophagostomum (over 60%). Cysticercosis (Cysticercus bovis) occurred in 10 to 14% of cattle in the middle and south areas of Ituri whereas the north areas were nearly free.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Development and survival of Haemonchus contortus isolated from sheep on a pasture at Bunia (Itiri, Zaire)].

Development and survival of Haemonchus contortus larvae were studied from December 1987 to November 1988 during three different periods (dry season, first and second rainy seasons) on an experimentally infected pasture at Bunia (Ituri, Zaïre). Whatever the season, eggs developed into infective larvae within six days and the largest number of larvae on the herbage occurred between the 12th and the 18th day post deposition. However, the two rainy seasons were the most favourable for transmission because of the high number of larvae on the pasture and the increased survival of these larvae after 4 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Erysipelas.

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Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

[Monomelic thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma of the limbs. Results of a homogeneous series of 128 patients].

Thermochemotherapy through regional CEC has been applied to malignant melanomas of the limbs for a long time as it was described by Creech and Krementz more than twenty years ago. Strangely enough, its application has remained confidential in France. In order to assess this method, we have been applying it to 128 consecutive patients from January 1, 1982 to January 1, 1990. After the exclusion of 9 patients (7 technical failures, 1 wrong diagnosis, 1 improper inclusion), the remaining series is of 119 patients for 125 infusions. The average distance in time is 3.4 years. The series includes 31 men and 88 women with an average age of 51.2 + 14.2 years (23-75) with malignant melanoma of the upper limb (25 cases) or lower limb (94 cases). The histological type of the tumor was nodular in 47 cases (39.5%), SSM in 40 cases (33.6%), acrolentiginous in 26 cases (22%) and undetermined in 6 cases (5%). All lesions were high-risk malignant melanomas for which Clark's index was higher than III and Breslow's index higher than 1.5 mm in 103 cases (16 cases in which Breslow's index ranged from 1 to 1.5 mm were included at the beginning of the series). Chemotherapy utilized Mephalan with a dose of 0.8 to 1.5 mg/kg of body weight, delivered through monomelic CEC and under hyperthermia at 41 degrees C during 45 to 50 minutes, via a cannulation of the axillary artery and vein in the upper limb and of the common femoral artery and vein in the lower limb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of helminthic parasitism in cattle in Ituri (Haut-Zaire). II. Parasitic associations].

A total of 781 cattle was examined at the Bunia slaughterhouse (Ituri) from August 1986 to December 1987 to study the following parasitic associations: Fasciola sp., Schistosoma sp., paramphistomes and Fasciola sp., Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum sp. Prevalences were high for each parasite: 96.5% for paramphistomes, 58.1% for Schistosoma sp., 58.7 to 61.9% for Fasciola sp., 90.5% for Haemonchus sp. and 75.5% for Oesophagostomum sp. Regarding the association with trematodes, 41.3% of the 516 examined animals were simultaneously positive for the three helminths and there was a significant relationship between the infection with Fasciola sp. and Schistosoma sp. Regarding the association with Fasciola sp., Haemonchus sp. and Oesophagostomum sp., a total of 44.5% of the 265 examined animals harboured the three parasites together, but infections seemed not to be linked. Moreover, the corresponding gross lesions were moderate suggesting a low level of the parasitic burdens.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Helminths of domestic pork in Ituri, Upper Zaire].

In Ituri (Upper-Zaïre) pig farming is extensively and traditionally managed, animals wandering about in the villages and neighbouring fields. Helminths of the gastrointestinal tract most commonly encountered are Oesophagostomum sp. Hyostrongylus rubidus, Globocephalus urosubulatus and Ascarops strongylina. Parasitic burdens are low and gross lesions not frequently seen except nodules of oesophagostomiasis. Infections with Metastrongylus salmi and Metastrongylus pudendoctus have a very high prevalence (between 64 and 86%) causing gross lesions of pneumonia on the diaphragmatic lobes. The present socio-economic pattern of pig production in Ituri doesn't allow hardly to plan a rational control of helminth disease by use of drugs. Hydatidosis (Echinococcus granulosus) seeming to be absent in this area of Zaïre, the only serious helminthic zoonosis we have to take into account is cysticercosis due to Cysticercus cellulosae. Its very high endemicity (between 10 and 30%) will have to lead the veterinary service to improve the search and destruction of infected carcasses.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Dominant characteristics of helminth parasitism in cattle in Ituri (Haut-Zaire). I. The helminth fauna].

The identification of cattle helminths in Ituri was carried out by post mortem examinations in slaughterhouses and tracer calves. The thirty diagnosed species were typical of wet tropical areas of Africa. The presence of Dictyocaulus viviparus, Ostertagia ostertagi and Haemonchus similis and the absence of Echinococcus granulosus constituted the original features of this inventory.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Principal helminths of small ruminants in Ituri (Upper Zaire)].

From August 1986 to November 1987, about 180 slaughtered sheep and goats were examined at Bunia (Haut-Zaïre) in order to establish the main helminth parasites. Seventeen and fifteen species were identified in sheep and goats respectively. The occurrence of Stilesia hepatica, Oesophagostomum multifoliatum and Muellerius capillaris as well as the absence of Echinococcus granulosus constituted the original features of this check-list in the area. Parasitism the most frequently encountered both in sheep and goats was the association Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Oesophagostomum columbianum (prevalence of 70-100%). Worm burdens of gastro-intestinal tract were moderate and similar in the two hosts. Intestinal Cestodes had a low prevalence (less than 15%) while Trematodes frequently occurred only in sheep. For the last-mentioned, paramphistomes and Fasciola gigantica were the most prevalent helminths.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Muellerius capillaris in north-east Zaire: prevalence in sheep and goats and determination of intermediate hosts.

Muellerius capillaris was the only species of nematode recovered from the lungs of young and adult sheep and goats of north-east Zaire. The prevalences were of 19% (sheep) and 32% (goats). The slug Atoxon pallens contained larvae in natural conditions and represents a potential intermediate host. The land snails Achatinidae (Achatina stuhlmanni and Limicolaria spp.) could not be experimentally infected with M. capillaris larvae.

Animals↗