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Biomedical subjects

C Colette

Publications and source records attributed to C Colette.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Platelet function in type I diabetes: effects of supplementation with large doses of vitamin E.

Nine Type I diabetic patients were randomized to a double-blind therapeutic trial divided into two study periods of 35 d with either 1 g vitamin E/d or a placebo. Platelet function was estimated at baseline and after treatment from ADP-induced platelet aggregation tests and from generation of oxidative products (TXB2, 12 HETE, and malondialdehyde) after platelet stimulation by 14C arachidonic acid. Platelet function, plasma lipids, and apoproteins were similar before both treatment periods. The vitamin E treatment resulted in 1) diminution of platelet aggregation with ADP 2.5 microM (56 +/- 4 vs 47 +/- 4 cm2, p = 0.05) and 5 microM (70 +/- 5 vs 57 +/- 4 cm2, p less than 0.01); 2) diminution of malondialdehyde release from platelets (6.4 +/- 0.5 vs 5.0 +/- 0.7 nmol/10(9) platelets, p less than 0.02); and 3) diminution in the percentage of 14C TXB2 (38.1 +/- 2.8 vs 33.3 +/- 3.0%, p less than 0.05). No significant changes were observed on placebo. Results indicate that high doses of vitamin E diminish ADP-induced platelet aggregation in Type I diabetic patients and suggest that this effect is partly mediated through a diminution of the cyclooxygenase activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Enteral absorption in man of eicosapentaenoic acid in different chemical forms.

After administering the equivalent of 1 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in four different chemical forms, the kinetics of EPA incorporation into plasma triglycerides (TG) were compared by gas liquid chromatography on a capillary column following separation of the lipid fraction by thin layer chromatography. EPA incorporation into plasma TG was markedly smaller and later when EPA was administered as an ethyl ester rather than as EPA free fatty acid, EPA arginine salt or 1,3-dioctanoyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl glycerol (2-EPA). Our results and the data in the literature are compatible with the hypothesis that 2-EPA is absorbed with minimum hydrolysis and escapes random distribution between the other positions of the glycerol molecule during the absorption process.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Calcium absorption in corticoid treated subjects effects of a single oral dose of calcitriol.

We compared the fractional absorption of calcium (FACa, 6 h, % TD) and the radiocalcium transit (% TD per min) in seven glucocorticoid-treated patients (10-25 mg prednisolone per day) and in seven normal subjects, in the basal state and 12 h after an oral dose of synthetic 1,25-(OH)2D (3 micrograms). In the basal state, the radiocalcium transit was significantly decreased (P less than 0.02) at 15 min in patients treated with prednisolone, but FACa at 6 h was not significantly decreased (51 +/- 5 vs. 60 +/- 5% TD). 12 h after an oral dose of 1,25-(OH)2D which resulted in supraphysiologic plasma levels, FACa increased significantly (P less than 0.02) in both groups but the peak absorption rate of Ca remained lower in the corticoid-treated patients than in controls (P less than 0.02). The results suggest that glucocorticoids decrease the 1,25-(OH)2D-dependent transport of calcium across the proximal small intestine.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Plasma lipid fatty acids and platelet function during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in type I diabetes.

Eleven insulin-dependent diabetics exhibiting a fair but less than ideal diabetic control (HbA1 = 10.0 +/- 0.6%) were submitted in a random order to two 6 week-study periods of: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and optimized conventional insulin therapy. Plasma lipids, fatty acids in plasma lipids and platelet function were estimated at baseline and at the end of each study period. Declines in HbA1 were observed at the end of either CSII or conventional period compared with baseline, but the differences were only significant under CSII (P less than 0.02). Plasma lipids and apoproteins remained unchanged at the end of the two study periods compared with baseline. Both CSII and optimized conventional treatment were followed by a significant increase of arachidonate in plasma lipids. A deterioration of the platelet function estimated from ADP or epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and TxB2 generation by platelets was found under optimized conventional treatment while the platelet function appears to be normal at baseline and under CSII. These data indicate that slight but not sufficient improvements of diabetic control can result in deterioration of the platelet function. It seems that these deleterious effects are mediated through an increased production of arachidonate and in turn of TxB2.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Accelerations of the fetal cardiac rhythm and fetal movements. Significance of their association recorded on the cardiotocogram by the Tococinon].

Recording all fetal movements on the cardiotocogram using tococinon showing forty minutes observations adds a new dimension to the old and new methods of monitoring the fetus. A group of 53 pregnancies without any risk was compared to a group of 37 pregnancies of high risk in which were also found sub-groups as designated by the aetiology and the severity of the fetal risk. Furthermore we have carried out a longterm study of 5 cases over six days. We propose a choice of the best parameters to be used according to their reliability, accuracy, sensitivity and predictability. The number of accelerations that coincided with the movements that were recorded was not very reliable or sensitive but it was accurate enough and predictive. The number of movements that accompanied the accelerations when added to the overall activity did become precise and predictive. Adding the two together make it more accurate and sensitive. New methods of monitoring are suggested, and these appear to be more simple and more efficient.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Mammary localization of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Apropos of 4 cases].

Mammary localizations of non-hodgkinian malignant lymphomas (NHML) are rare. They occur in three different contexts: isolated tumor of the primary mammary lymphoma, initial "first manifestation" tumor of a diffuse lymphomatous disease, or else a mammary tumor occurring during the course of a known NHML. Four cases of mammary localization of NHML are reported. A review of the literature permits to bring out the following characteristics: probable etiological role of pregnancy, clinical picture of one or several masses, uni or bilateral, evoluting rapidly, and frequently associated to inflammatory signs; false benign aspect on mammograms. Histological examination associated with a strict evaluation of the extension is fundamental in order to determine therapy and prognosis. These two factors have been considerably modified in the past two decades as it is the case for all NHML. Chemotherapy occupies an essential place in the treatment. Mammary localization of NHML is first of all a lymphomatous disease, which is often a diffuse disease before becoming a breast disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hellp syndrome may precede the appearance of arterial hypertension in pregnancy toxemia].

The "Hellp syndrome" describes the association of three biological abnormalities (hemolysis, liver abnormalities and thrombocytopenia) establishing the severity of arterial hypertension during pregnancy and requiring the interruption of pregnancy as much for the child as for the mother. This article reports a case of "Hellp syndrome" which was special in that the biological abnormalities preceded the occurrence of pre-eclampsia. The signs, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the "Hellp syndrome" are studied in this article.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of periods of fetal hyperactivity and hypoactivity at the end of pregnancy as demonstrated by tococinon. New series].

The objective study of fetal movements, using tococinon, enables to simplify the monitoring of high risk pregnancies. If the fetal activity is normal, no abnormality is noticed. On the contrary, in pregnancies where the fetus is threatened, there is always a fetal hyper or hypo-activity. Hyperactivity requires a thorough sonogram to look for a fetal malformation. Hypo-activity requires an increased surveillance which enables to rule out transient abnormalities and permits to diagnose permanent and pathological abnormalities which must be treated rapidly.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Calcium absorption following small bowel resection in man. Evidence for an adaptive response.

Seventeen patients who had undergone extensive small bowel resection were studied for calcium absorption (FACa) and plasma vitamin D metabolites. FACa was measured by a double radio-tracer technique and expressed as percentage of total oral dose. FACa was decreased compared with controls (34%, range: 3-46 v 65%, range: 57-73, P less than 0.01). A positive correlation (r = 0.49, P = 0.05) was found between FACa and the remaining length of small bowel (SBL). As wide variations in both SBL and duration after surgery were observed among the seventeen investigated patients, we were led to individualize less heterogeneous subgroups of patients. Better correlations were found when the patients were divided into two subgroups according to whether the time interval between the resection and the investigation was shorter (r = 0.75, n = 11, P less than 0.02) or longer (r = 0.89, n = 6, P = 0.05) than 2 years. In thirteen patients who had a SBL shorter than 100 cm, a positive correlation was observed between FACa and the time interval after surgery (months): r = 0.65, P less than 0.05. Plasma 1,25 (OH)2D was markedly reduced in the whole group (31 pmol l-1, range: 8-108) compared with controls (103 pmol-1, range: 59-134, P less than 0.01). The present study shows that in extensively small bowel resected patients, calcium absorption is reduced, the alteration being dependent both on the length of the remnant small bowel and on the time after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Artificial ripening of the cervix by local action of maternal leukocytes].

The known failures and risks of inducing labour ought to provoke research for novel techniques. Comparison of the results of different methods of established harmlessness must comply with the strict rules found occasionally in the literature. The necessary maturation of the cervical tissue seems an indispensable requirement. Known physiological facts readily call to mind the role played by the granulocytes in collagenolysis. Clinical tests based on them give results identical with other techniques.

Bradykinin↗
PubMed1986

[Prostanoids of the peritoneal fluid and sterility with or without pelvic lesions (endometriosis, postinfectious adhesions)].

Peritoneal fluid levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TxB2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were measured in 62 infertile women undergoing coelioscopy. In 10 patients with mild endometriosis, the levels of all prostanoids were significantly enhanced as compared to control group (15 infertile patients without pelvic lesion). In 5 patients with moderate endometriosis, only PGF2 alpha exhibited a significant enhancement. The results confirmed the prostanoid component alteration of peritoneal fluid in infertile women with mild or moderate endometriosis, which however not has been found by all authors. In 6 patients with chronic salpingitis, no difference was found in prostanoid levels as compared to control group. The 26 patients with pelvic adhesions were distributed in 3 groups on the criterion of easy lysed or not adhesions. In group I (not lysed adhesions, 7 patients), no difference was found in prostanoid levels as compared to control group. In group II (mixed adhesions, 13 patients), the levels of all prostanoids, particularly 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, were significantly higher than that found in control group. In group III (easy lysed adhesions, 6 patients), the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TxB2 and particularly PGF2 alpha were significantly enhanced as compared to control group. The results of this study suggest that prostanoids are implicated in physiopathology of endometriosis and pelvic adhesions and perhaps in mechanism of the associated infertility.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

[Recording of fetal movements during pregnancy. Aid to the diagnosis and prognosis ascertained by Tococinon].

Objective recording of fetal movements has become operational since the use of the tococinon. At the beginning of pregnancy, from the twelfth week of amenorrhoea onwards, aberrant values seem to be linked to several factors such as mother's anxiety, urinary infection and anesthesia. If they are repeated that suggests there are abnormalities, such as trisomies or malformations in the central nervous system, and implies that other diagnostic methods must be used to make the diagnosis such as ultrasound or amniocentesis. A new definition for lowered activity by the fetus is proposed for the end of pregnancy. If these recordings are repeated before or at the same time as other signs of fetal distress have been found we must think of pathological features such as intrauterine growth retardation, post-maturity, infections, rhesus incompatibility and diabetes. Pharmacological influences, too, have to be thought of and they are usually correlated with rises in the fetal pulse rate and with using the apparatus when the patient is walking about.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1986

[Current aspects of engagement dystocia].

It seems likely, in view of the large number of caesarean operations that are now being carried out and that too have complications, that the mechanism of obstetric procedures will sooner or later become of interest again to obstetricians. This study looks at a consecutive series of cases where dystocia in the upper part of the pelvis occurred and tries by analysing different obstetrical parameters to work out the best time for carrying out different obstetrical manoeuvres. It is possible to come to two conclusions, so long as both the mother and the fetus are watched carefully during the labour: the trial of delivery of the fetal head using the obstetric ventouse will bring about a significant reduction in the numbers of caesarean operations. it is always rewarding to be patient and it does not seem sensible to intervene too quickly. Two important results come from this approach: mechanical dystocia has practically disappeared, as it now only occurs in about 1% of labours. on the other hand, particularly in primiparous women, dystocia in the upper straight of the pelvis is quite common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cesarean section for placenta praevia. Perinatal mortality and morbidity].

The severity of placenta praevia is well known and responsible of a non negligible perinatal mortality. This study relates to 65 children born after a cesarean section for placenta praevia and analyzes the fetal complications, their frequency, their prognosis as well as the obstetrical factors connected to this problem. Mortality is 3%, prematurity remains high and so is the anemia, but hypotrophy is rare. The main complications are infection essentially due to an overlapping placenta praevia, its hemorrhagic nature and the increasing number of hemorrhagic episodes and respiratory complications (respiratory distress, inhalation of amniotic fluid and hyaline membrane disease). From these fetal data, the authors propose a method of management of low placental insertions consisting essentially of bed rest as soon as the diagnosis in made on the sonogram, and extraction at the 35th week of amenorrhea. In case of hemorrhage, extraction must be performed earlier if obstetrical conditions, maternal as well as fetal, do not permit to undertake a conservative approach aimed essentially to decrease prematurity and its consequences.

Cesarean Section↗