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Biomedical subjects

C Edling

Publications and source records attributed to C Edling.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Influence of surface-active food additives on the integrity and permeability of rat intestinal mucosa.

The influence of two surface-active food additives on the integrity and permeability of rat ileal mucosa has been studied. We determined the activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, a lysosomal enzyme, in the rat intestinal lumen after deposition of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60; Tween 60) or polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80; Tween 80) in a section of ligated, cannulated gut. We also determined the activities of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and phospholipase A2 in mixtures of isolated mucosal cells and polysorbate 60 or polysorbate 80. The activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was increased in the luminal contents of the cannulated gut 15 min after deposition of either polysorbate 60 or polysorbate 80 (10 mg/ml fluid instilled into gut). It was also increased in mixtures of mucosal cells and polysorbate 60 or polysorbate 80 (0.1-10 mg/ml). In contrast, the activities of alkaline phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase were unaffected and that of phospholipase A2 was decreased by the presence of either polysorbate. These findings indicated that polysorbate 60 and polysorbate 80 released lysosomal enzymes from the intestinal mucosal cells and that these agents might damage the intestinal mucosa and increase its permeability. We therefore determined the intestinal permeability to sodium fluorescein in the absence and presence of polysorbate 60 or 80 and found that the permeability was slightly increased in the presence of either of the compounds at concentrations of 10 mg/ml fluid instilled into gut. It is possible therefore that surface-active food additives might impair the function of the mucosal barrier and increase the permeability of the gut to potentially toxic and pathogenic molecules.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1984

Raised serum bile acid concentrations after occupational exposure to styrene: a possible sign of hepatotoxicity?

Fasting serum concentrations of conjugated bile acids were investigated in 23 men who had been exposed to styrene and compared with the concentrations in 60 non-exposed individuals. Eleven of the exposed subjects had raised concentrations of either cholic acid or chenodeoxycholic acid or both. There were no indications of alcohol abuse, drug intake, or undiagnosed liver disease. It is possible, therefore, that the raised bile acid concentrations were due to exposure to styrene. This would support the concept that occupational exposure to styrene may affect the liver and point to the possibility that raised serum bile acid concentrations might be a sensitive and early indicator of hepatic injury in individuals exposed to organic solvents.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Radon in homes--a possible cause of lung cancer.

An earlier case-referent study [Scand j work environ & health 5 (1979) 10-15] has indicated a possible relationship between lung cancer and exposure to radon and radon daughters in dwellings. Indoor radon concentrations seem to depend on both building material and leakage of radon from the ground. This new study, in a rural area, is a further attempt to elucidate the etiology of lung cancer, taking into consideration type of house and ground conditions, as well as smoking habits. Although the choice of a rural study population helped to eliminate various confounding exposures in the urban environment, it limited the size of the study because of the rareness of lung cancer in rural populations. Long-term residents, 30 years or more in the same houses, were studied, and again an association was found between lung cancer and estimated exposure to radon and radon daughters in homes. The data also seem to indicate the possibility of a multiplicative effect between smoking and exposure to radon and radon daughters in homes, but there was also some confounding between these factors in the data.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Quantitative aspects of radon daughter exposure and lung cancer in underground miners.

Epidemiological studies have shown an excessive incidence of lung cancer in miners with exposure to radon daughters. The various risk estimates have ranged from six to 47 excess cases per 10(6) person years and working level month, but the effect of smoking has not been fully evaluated. The present study, among a group of iron ore miners, is an attempt to obtain quantitative information about the risk of lung cancer due to radon and its daughters among smoking and non-smoking miners. The results show a considerable risk for miners to develop lung cancer; even non-smoking miners seem to be at a rather high risk. An additive effect of smoking and exposure to radon daughters is indicated and an estimate of about 30-40 excess cases per 10(6) person years and working level month seems to apply on a life time basis to both smoking and non-smoking miners aged over 50.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effects of trace levels of nitrous oxide on psychomotor performance.

Twenty-four male student volunteers were exposed to 50 ppm of nitrous oxide or air in an exposure chamber for 4 h in two experimental sessions. The subjects completed a battery of psychomotor tests during the final 40 min of the exposure sessions. Nitrous oxide, at this low concentration, did not produce any statistically significant changes in performance.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1983

Pregnancy outcome among women in a Swedish rubber plant.

Suspicions of reproductive disturbances among women in a tirebuilding department was the reason for this study, encompassing 42 women, 30 of whom provided a total of 84 pregnancies out of which 21 were exposed to the tirebuilding process. Nine of the 21 exposed pregnancies had an unfavorable outcome (threatening abortion, spontaneous abortion or malformation) versus only seven of the remaining 63 nonexposed pregnancies, a difference which remained significant also when various risk indicators like age, smoking, pregnancy order, and calendar year were taken into account. In contrast to earlier observations, there was no difference in thioether excretion in the urine (as potentially indicative of the skin absorption of rubber chemicals) between women working in the tirebuilding department and a reference group. It remains unclear however whether the observed cluster was causally related to occupational exposures or not, but, together with other observations, this report may contribute to the elucidation of possible reproductive disturbances in the rubber industry.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1982

Lung cancer and smoking in a group of iron ore miners.

Several studies have shown that miners, in both uranium and nonuranium mines, have an increased lung cancer mortality, probably caused by exposure to radon and its daughters. The excess mortality has been observed primarily among smoking miners but some recent studies have also indicated a considerably increased risk among nonsmoking miners. This study, among a group of iron ore miners, was undertaken to further elucidate the somewhat unclear and presumably complex relationship of mining, smoking, and lung cancer. The results show a 16-fold increase in lung cancer mortality among miners versus nonminers. Even nonsmoking miners seem to be at a rather high risk of developing lung cancer, but there was a tendency for the most heavy smoking miners to die earlier and to have a slightly shorter induction-latency period for development of lung cancer than was found among the nonsmoking miners.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of low-dose radiation - a correlation study.

The effects of low-dose radiation have been a matter of controversy over the years, and the epidemiologic results have been conflicting. A couple of recent studies have indicated a possible impact on lung cancer mortality from exposure to indoor levels of radon and radon daughters. In this study, selected mortality rates, ie, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer (females only), leukemia, and multiple myeloma were correlated for the counties of Sweden with estimates of average background radiation exposure in these areas. Significant correlations were obtained for lung cancer (males, r = 0.46; females r = 0.55) and pancreatic cancer (males, r = 0.59; females, r = 0.40) , and there was a borderline correlation (r = 0.36; p = 0.04) for leukemia in males. In all, there were positive correlations for eight out of the nine computations made. Since background radiation correlates with urbanization and therefore with smoking, air pollution, etc, the correlations might be spurious due to confounding; on the other hand confounding is a reciprocal phenomenon which suggests that background radiation should to be taken into consideration when widespread risk factors like smoking, coffee drinking, general air pollution, etc, are studied.

Adult↗