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Biomedical subjects

C F Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to C F Larsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Frequency of self-reported alcohol influence in injured bicycle riders].

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of self reported alcohol influence in injured bicyclists. The study was based upon a combination of data from a questionnaire and recordings from the emergency room. Eighteen percent of cyclists 15 years of age or older treated at the emergency room reported themselves influenced by alcohol at the time of accident. The highest injury rate in patients riding under influence was found in the age group 20-29 years, and the proportion of injured cyclists riding under influence was four times higher in males than in females. The lesions sustained by alcohol influenced bicyclists were not more severe than those of the not influenced injured bicyclists.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1995

Diagnosis of scaphoid fractures. A prospective multicenter study of 1,052 patients with 160 fractures.

In a prospective multicenter study of 1,052 patients with clinical signs of a scaphoid fracture, mammographic films and fine intensifying screens were used at the radiographic examination. 5 standardized projections including 3 special projections focused on the scaphoid were taken. 150 fractures were diagnosed at the first examination but in 10 cases the fracture was first diagnosed at a second radiographic examination after 10-14 days. The second examination still seems mandatory despite the use of high quality radiographs with optimal spatial resolution and contrast, and the value of supplementary special projections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Scaphoid fractures. Fracture types and localization].

The incidence, localization, and type of scaphoid fractures found in a well-defined population is described. Fractures of the carpal scaphoid (n = 442) of which 19 (5%) were nonunions were identified during an eight-year period. Among inhabitants living in the Odense Municipality (population at risk 170,648 in 1983 to 174,948 in 1989) 222 males and 51 females who sustained scaphoid fractures during a seven-year period were used for computation of incidence. During the survey, there was an average annual incidence of scaphoid fracture of eight per 100,000 females, and 38 per 100,000 males. The average annual incidence per 100,000 inhabitants of carpal scaphoid fractures according to the location was proximal two, middle 15, and distal six. Average annual incidence per 100,000 inhabitants of carpal scaphoid fractures according to type was transverse seven, horizontal oblique nine, vertical oblique one, avulsion/fracture of the tuberosity five, and not stated one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Ambulance services in Copenhagen, Odense and Ringkøbing County. Results of the spot test conducted by the Ministry of Health and the County Councils Association in 1990. 1. Epidemiological data].

In 1990, The Danish Ministry of Health and the County Council Association undertook a spot test investigation of the activities in connection with 3,182 emergency ambulance services (AU) in the Municipality of Copenhagen (a city), the Odense district (a large provincial town) and the County of Ringkøbing (a mixed rural and urban region). The investigation included data collected by the ambulance staff before hospitalization and the diagnoses on discharge from casualty and hospital departments. The frequency of AU per 1,000 population was found to be 101 annually in Copenhagen, 44 in Odense and 19 in the County of Ringkøbing. More than 10% of the services in all three regions did not result in transport of the patient to hospital treatment. The average age of the patients was 52 years in Copenhagen compared with 44 years in the other two regions. The age-specific frequency of AU for patients aged 0-4 year-old was nine times as great in Copenhagen than in Odense and the County of Ringkøbing and, where patients aged more than 80 years were concerned, the frequency was 4-10 times as great. In all three regions, the activities of ambulance services were most numerous between 6-16 hours and lowest during the period 0-6 hours. Services to patients' homes constituted 44-46% and to traffic regions 32-40%. Services on account of illness constituted 41-45% and, on account of accidents, 27-35%. In cases of rapid emergency transport (using signals), 78% of the ambulances had reached the patient within five minutes in Copenhagen as compared with 44% in Odense and the County of Ringkøbing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Ambulance services in Copenhagen, Odense and Ringkøbing County. Results from the spot test conducted by the Ministry of Health and the County Councils Association in 1990. 2. Treatment by ambulance staff, medical support and pattern of diagnoses].

In this investigation, the results from a spot test investigation comprising 3182 emergency ambulance services (AU) from three geographical regions with different degrees of urbanization are presented: The Danish capital (Municipality of Copenhagen), a large provincial town (Odense) and a rural district with smaller towns (the County of Ringkøbing). The conditions of the patients were assessed by the ambulance staff: 7-12% of the patients transported had visible haemorrhage, 5-8% were unconscious, 4-7% were cyanotic, 2-3% had seizures and 1-2% had pareses. The serious cases tended to be most frequent in the least urbanized regions. Registration of the therapeutic efforts by the ambulance staff prior to and during transport revealed that 15-33% of the patients did not receive any treatment. The commonest forms of treatment consisted of oxygen treatment (13-18%), treatment for shock (8-12%), Nato position (4-16%) and stopping of haemorrhage (7-12%). No differences were observed between the three geographic regions except that fewer patients in the capital received treatment. In cases of emergency ambulance services employing signals, medical support was available in 22% of the cases in Copenhagen, mainly by means of medically staffed ambulances. In the County of Ringkøbing, doctors, usually the doctor-on-call, participated in 27% of these services while medical support was only available in 2% of the cases in Odense. Registration of the diagnoses by the hospitals which received the patients revealed that the commonest group of diagnoses were injuries (36-44%) and cardiovascular disease (14-21%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ambulances↗
PubMed1992

Fracture of the carpal scaphoid: frequency and distribution in a well-defined population.

The incidence, location, and type of scaphoid fractures found in a well-defined population is described. Fractures of the carpal scaphoid (n = 442) were identified during an eight-year period, of which 19 (5%) were nonunions. At the initial radiographic examination the fractures were visible on PA views in 70% of the cases (true lateral 10%, scaphoid view neutral 77%, scaphoid view ulnar deviated 73%, and scaphoid view with the X-ray tube tilted 30 degrees distally 71%). Among inhabitants living in the Odense Municipality (population at risk 170648 in 1983 to 174948 in 1989) 222 males and 51 females (age range 9-87 year) sustaining scaphoid fractures during a seven-year were period used for computation of incidences. During the survey, there was an average annual incidence of scaphoid fracture of 8 per 100000 females, and 38 per 100000 males. All patients (except a 9-year-old male) were aged 10 years or over. In the age-group 10-14 years there was an average annual incidence of 3 per 100000 females, and 39 per 100000 males. Average annual incidence per 100000 inhabitants of carpal scaphoid fractures according to the location was proximal 6, middle 15, and distal (fractures of the tuberosity included) 2. Average annual incidence per 100000 inhabitants of carpal scaphoid fractures according to type was transverse 7, horizontal oblique 9, vertical oblique 1, avulsion/fracture of the tuberosity 5, and not stated 1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiology of scaphoid fractures in Odense, Denmark.

During a 7-year period, 273 scaphoid fractures were diagnosed in the approximately 175,000 residents of the municipality of Odense. The average annual incidence of scaphoid fracture was 8 per 100,000 women and 38 per 100,000 men, predominantly in young persons. The cause of injury was a fall in 69 percent and a blow in 28 percent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lack of correlation between ulnar variance and carpal bone angles on lateral radiographs in normal wrists.

It has been proposed that negative ulnar variance is a predisposing factor to development of posttraumatic carpal ligamentous instability. However, this implies that no correlation exists between ulnar variance and carpal bone angles in the normal wrist. Carpal bone angles on lateral wrist radiographs and ulnar variance were measured in a series of 75 normal wrists. The mean ulnar variance was -0.03 mm (SD 1.56, range -5 to 5). The correlation coefficients were 0.06, -0.11, and -0.05 between the ulnar variance, and radiolunate, radioscaphoid, and scapholunate angles, respectively. A correlation between the carpal angles on lateral wrist radiographs, and ulnar variance in normal wrists could not be demonstrated, suggesting that the presence of negative ulnar variance may serve as an impartial clue to the presence of ligamentous instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Measurements of carpal bone angles on lateral wrist radiographs.

Measurements of carpal bone angles on lateral wrist radiographs can be of assistance in the diagnostic evaluation of wrist malalignment. A series of 75 normal wrists was examined by use of a standardized radiographic technique. The normal carpal bone angles were determined using the bone axes with the least observer variability (mean and range): radiolunate, -1.02 (-10 to 12), radioscaphoid, 51.80 (35 to 65), and scapholunate, 50.77 (36 to 66). Normal mean values and ranges for intercarpal bone angles may be of assistance in the diagnostic evaluation of ligamentous injury to the wrist.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Observer variability in measurements of carpal bone angles on lateral wrist radiographs.

Determinations of carpal bone angles are used in the clinical evaluation of carpal malalignment. Eleven frequently referred radiological measures in lateral projection of the wrists in 23 wrists were assessed using different definitions of axes. Interobserver- and intraobserver variations were calculated. The standard deviation of the interobserver variation ranged from 2.60 degrees to 18.15 degrees, and the intraobserver variation from 1.89 degrees to 4.66 degrees depending on the angles measured. The use of three angles for the least observer variability in assessment of carpal alignment is recommended. These angles were defined from the following carpal bone axes: radius, the line through the center of the medullary canal at 2 cm and 5 cm proximal to the radiocarpal joint; lunate, the line perpendicular to the tangent of the two distal poles; scaphoid, the tangent of the palmar proximal and distal margins, and capitate, the tangent of the dorsal margin of the diaphysis of the third metacarpal bone (substitute axis).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of intensified prehospital treatment in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: survival and cerebral prognosis. The Odense ambulance study.

During a period of 3 years three different types of emergency medical service (EMS) systems were evaluated in a city with about 238,000 inhabitants/population density of 570/km2. Included were 393 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in whom prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation was provided by personnel on basic, intermediate, or advanced care training. When ordinary ambulances (basic EMS) were used, 8 (5%) patients were discharged alive. When ambulances with specially trained paramedics (intermediate EMS) were used, 2 (1%) patients were discharged. Finally medically staffed ambulances with doctors collaborating (advanced EMS) were used, and 11 (13%) patients were discharged. The intermediate EMS system was used in another area with 45,000 inhabitants/population density of 340/km2, and in this area 20 (18%) patients were discharged. Among the survivors a psychological assessment in form of a test for dementia was assessed in long-term survivors (n = 30) together with 28 patients surviving acute myocardial infarction and 11 control persons. The results of the investigation demonstrate that the more intensive the prehospital treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the more patients survive and the more patients survive with good cerebral function. However, the ambulances with specially trained paramedics were only effective in the area with 340 inhabitants/km2.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1991

Dislocation of the lunate, triquetral, and hamate bones. Case report.

A patient sustained multiple injuries during a road traffic accident, including closed palmar luxation of the lunate together with dislocation of the triquetrum and hamulus of the hamate bone. Initially the injury was treated closed, but redislocation necessitated closed reduction and stabilisation with K-wires. Three years later movement was painless and slightly restricted despite persisting palmar dislocation of the lunate and triquetral bones as well as ulnar translocation.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1990

[Preventive effects of bicycle helmets].

The total number of persons injured following bicycle accidents in Denmark is estimated to be more than 50,000 annually. In half of the injured cyclists, lesions localized to the region of the head occur. Bicycle helmets provide considerable protection against brain injuries which constitute 13%. Several investigations from abroad and from Denmark have demonstrated that protection of the head can reduce the number of deaths and of acute brain injuries due to bicycle accidents. On the basis of the literature, it is concluded that bicycle helmets provide good protection of the head in connection with bicycle accidents. When a bicycle helmet is purchased, it is important to ensure that the helmet fits the head, that vision is not impeded and that the chinstrap secures the helmet correctly. Legislation is necessary to ensure that bicycle helmets sold in Denmark fulfill the minimum safety requirements.

Bicycling↗
PubMed1990

[Prehospital treatment. The Odense ambulance project. A prospective study].

No legislation exists about ambulance services in Denmark. The present Danish prehospital treatment is undertaken by Falcks Redningskorps A/S and the municipal fire services. During a period of 12 months (1.2.1988-31.1.1989) a prospective investigation was carried out in Odense concerning the effect of medical support to the ambulance service, partly in the form of a medically staffed ambulance, partly in the form of an arrangement in which an independent doctor's car (rendez-vous arrangement) was sent together with the nearest ambulance. In addition, the heart ambulance model as recommended by the Danish National Board of Health was also tested. Experience from abroad and recent Danish trial arrangements demonstrate the positive effect of extended professional prehospital treatment. The authors consider, therefore, that an ambulance law is required as this would ensure better and more uniform prehospital treatment in Denmark. Planning of the future prehospital treatment of acute and injured patients including the extent of the training, equipment and treatment must be established on the basis of a healtheconomical assessment of the Danish arrangements.

Ambulances↗
PubMed1990

[Ambulance services for patients with acute cardiac conditions in Denmark--current state].

In 1985, the Danish Board of Health published a review of the therapeutic value of heart ambulances. A report is presented here concerning the extent to which prehospital treatment of cardiac arrest recommended by the Board of Health has been intensified after publication of the review. The prehospital treatment of cardiac arrest has been intensified in four counties and in the municipalities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg whereas it has not been altered in the remaining ten counties. Recent Danish investigations have demonstrated better prognosis both as regards survival and as regards recovery when intensified prehospital treatment of cardiac arrest is employed. Hence legislation steps should be taken to improve pre-hospital treatment of cardiac arrest.

Ambulances↗
PubMed1990

[First aid in cases of out-of-hospital heart arrest].

In connection with participation of doctors in the emergency ambulance service in Odense, the number of cases of observed cardiac arrest outside hospital was registered during a period of six months. The object was to assess how often primary treatment for cardiac arrest was instituted by passers-by before arrival of the ambulance. Seventy-four cases of observed cardiac arrest occurred. In 11 of these (15%) primary resuscitation was attempted outside hospital. In only three (4%) cases the primary resuscitation was undertaken by lay persons. Treatment of cardiac arrest before arrival of the ambulance increases survival. It is therefore essential to increase the number of courses in the treatment of cardiac arrest for lay persons, if mortality is to be reduced.

Denmark↗
PubMed1990

[Out-of-hospital heart arrest. Prospective study of various types of expanded prehospital treatment in Odense].

During the period 1.2.1988-31.1.1989, a prospective investigation was undertaken of the intensive prehospital treatment in Odense. Comparison was undertaken between a medically staffed ambulance (2 months), a motorized doctor (rendez-vous, model 4 months) and the heart ambulance (recommended by the Danish National Board of Health (6 months]. Out of 28 patients brought in by the medically staffed ambulance, two (7%) were discharged alive. Out of 57 patients brought in the phase with the motorized doctor nine (16%) were discharged alive. Out of 78 patients brought in by heart ambulance one (1%) was discharged alive. The results of this investigation reveal that the prehospital treatment of cardiac arrest in Odense can be improved by participation of a doctor in the treatment, (particularly the rendezvous model). Suggested improvements consist of 1) improved alarm system, 2) intensification of training laymen in treatment of cardiac arrest and 3) increased information to the population.

Ambulances↗