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Biomedical subjects

C F McCarthy

Publications and source records attributed to C F McCarthy.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

'Pitted' erythrocytes: impaired formation in splenectomized subjects with congenital spherocytosis.

'Pitted' erythrocyte counts are widely used in the quantitative assessment of functional hyposplenism and in the prediction of recurrence of splenic function in splenectomized subjects. Both of these functions require counts from electively splenectomized controls for comparison. The 'pitted' erythrocyte counts in patients splenectomized for congenital spherocytosis are lower than those found in subjects whose spleens were removed electively for other reasons. This appears to be due to the specific membrane defect which impairs the formation of the vacuoles which are responsible for the appearance of 'pitted' erythrocytes under the interference-phase microscope.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal lactase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase in 373 patients with coeliac disease.

Lactase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured in 833 peroral small intestinal biopsies from 373 patients with coeliac disease. Enzyme activities decreased with increasing degrees of mucosal damage. Enzyme activities in mucosae of patients with coeliac disease in remission were lower than in control groups matched for age, sex, and site of biopsy. Enzyme activities were measured in 81 patients when the mucosa was severely damaged and later when considerable improvement had occurred. Lactase activity remained low in 13% of patients under the age of 18 and in 33% of those over 18 years. Sucrase activity usually improved with histological recovery, but alkaline phosphatase activity tended to remain depressed in patients in whom lactase activity failed to improve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Choledochal cysts--report of three cases and review.

Three cases of choledochal cyst are presented, with a review of previous publications. We re-emphasize the diagnostic dilemma involved and discuss current surgical management. A new complication is illustrated and an association with polycystic kidneys is reported. Choledochal cysts are uncommon, but correct management ensures a symptom-free future for the patient. Recent reports support cyst excision if technically feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hyposplenism and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Natural history, incidence, and relationship to diet and small bowel morphology.

Splenic function was quantitatively assessed using "pitted" erythrocyte counts in 177 patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Hyposplenism was found to be a common, but not inevitable, complication of gluten-sensitive enteropathy that fluctuated with disease activity. Splenic function improved after withdrawal of gluten from the diet and a close relationship was demonstrated between hyposplenism and the morphology of the small intestine. The severity of the hyposplenism increased with advancing age and prolongation of exposure to dietary gluten. Splenic function did not vary with the HLA-A, -B, and -DR antigens, but, due to the presence of HLA-B8 and -DR3 in the vast majority of patients, a role for this haplotype in the causation of the hyposplenism cannot be excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A myofeedback instrument for clinical use.

As a result of a collaborative effort by engineers, physical therapists, and patients, a myofeedback device called Myochirp was designed and constructed. This device was field-tested in six busy medical centers to determine its acceptance and usefulness to clinicians in the daily activities of their environments. As a result of this field evaluation, a second-generation device was constructed incorporating the suggested improvements. The second-generation Myochirp was accepted by physical therapists as a compact, portable, and lightweight device that was convenient and easy to use. The salient feature of the device which rendered it so useful in clinical environments was the dry electrode used to detect the electromyographic signals. Its usefulness as a myofeedback instrument was determined by the variety of its applications to treatment needs and by its ability to obtain immediate and quantifiable data that could be documented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Family and population studies of HLA and coeliac disease in the West of Ireland.

Tissue typing (HLA-A, -B and -DR) was carried out on 92 patients with coeliac disease (CD) and on a further 71 first degree relatives of 13 of these patients. Results of antigen frequencies in unrelated patients and segregation analysis in families shows that HLA-DR3 but not HLA-DR7 is positively associated with CD. Haplotype and sib-pair data from these coeliac families suggest that with all of them, genetic susceptibility to CD lies in the HLA region of the sixth chromosome. In families where the coeliac proband has HLA-DR3, the relative risk to siblings who also have this antigen is increased 35 times.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1983

HLA-A3 and serum iron. A study in an Irish control population.

In a control population of 127 healthy adults in the West of Ireland, the possession of the HLA-antigens associated with idiopathic haemochromatosis (IH), i.e. HLA-A3, B7 and B14 was not accompanied by higher levels of serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) or transferrin saturation (TS%). HLA-A3 does not appear to confer enhanced ability to absorb dietary iron.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

HLA and hyperthyroidism in Ireland.

The distribution of HLA antigens in a group of Irish patients with hyperthyroidism was studied, in an attempt to define whether specific antigens were associated with relapse of the disease following medical therapy. The increase in HLA-B8 and DR3 found by others in this disease was confirmed, but no difference in HLA type was documented in 33 patients who had relapsed compared to 24 who had not relapsed. Forty-six per cent of the relapsed group were DR3 as against 45% of the non-relapsed group.

Female↗
PubMed1982

HLA type of patients with coeliac disease and malignancy in the west of Ireland.

HLA, A, B, and DR typing was done on seven of 10 patients with lymphoma, and six patients with carcinoma, all of whom had a flat small intestinal mucosa. Sixty-nine per cent (nine of 13) had HLA B8 and 71% (five of seven) had DR3. The corresponding levels for the local coeliac population are 76% and 84% respectively and the local non-coeliac population 43% and 44%. Two of the patients with lymphoma had a child with coeliac disease. The histological type of the lymphoma was malignant histiocytosis of the intestine in seven, histiocytic lymphoma in two, and was not classifiable in one. The similarity of the HLA type suggests that the flat mucosa in both groups is due to coeliac disease.

Adult↗