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Biomedical subjects

C F McCarthy

Publications and source records attributed to C F McCarthy.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of cimetidine on histamine-activated ATPase in human gastric mucosa.

The effect of histamine on Mg-ATPase was assessed in homogenates of gastric biopsies taken from the body and antrum of the stomach of patients with and without duodenal ulcer (DU). Histamine at concentrations greater than 10(-7) mol/l caused significant activation of this crude enzyme activity in the body mucosa from both groups of patients; maximum stimulation of enzyme activity was greater in the DU patients than in the non-DU group. No activation by histamine was found in ATPase of antral biopsies. Administration of cimetidine (1 g/day orally) to DU patients for 28 days abolished the histamine activation of the enzyme activity. Investigation of the activity of enzymes in normal biopsies showed that the effect of histamine was not shared by the specific H2 agonist, impromidine, or H1 agonist, 2-(2-aminoethyl)-thiazole, and that cimetidine inhibition of ATPase in vitro is probably not an histamine-receptor-specific effect.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1982

Coeliac disease and diabetes mellitus: a study of 24 patients with HLA typing.

The clinical features of 24 patients with coeliac disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were reviewed. The HLA types of 17 of these patients were compared with those of 44 normal subjects, 49 patients with diabetes only and 58 patients with coeliac disease only. The diagnosis of coeliac disease was made after the diagnosis of diabetes in 14 patients, before diabetes in five and simultaneously in five. In established diabetics, coeliac disease was recognized relatively late (mean age 31 years) but the average duration of symptoms attributable to coeliac disease prior to a jejunal biopsy was five months. Gluten restriction was generally followed by a marked improvement in diabetic control. The frequency of HLA-DR3 in patients with coeliac disease and diabetes mellitus (88 per cent), patients with coeliac disease only (88 per cent), and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus only (69 per cent), was significantly greater than in normal subjects (44 per cent). The subtype of diabetes related to DR4/B15 does not appear to predispose to coeliac disease. The mechanism of the association between coeliac disease and insulin-dependent diabetes is discussed and the importance of coeliac disease in the differential diagnosis of 'diabetic diarrhoea' is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effect of cimetidine on cyclic nucleotides in human gastric mucosa.

1 Pre-drug concentrations of both nucleotides were similar in patients with or without peptic ulceration. 2 The effect of a singly infusion or repeated oral administration of cimetidine on human gastric mucosal content of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP was studied. 3 Biopsies from the body of the stomach were taken at endoscopy from patients who were participating in a clinical trial of the value of cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. Cyclic nucleotide determinations and histological examinations were performed on biopsies taken before and after cimetidine treatment. 4 Gastric mucosal content of cyclic AMP was significantly increased (P less than 0.01) 20 min after intravenous infusion of 200 mg cimetidine. There was also a significant increase (P less than 0.01) in gastric mucosal cyclic AMP following administration of the drug orally for 28 days. No alterations in gastric mucosal histology were observed following cimetidine treatment. 5 Gastric mucosal content of cyclic GMP was not altered by intravenous drug infusion, or by chronic treatment.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1980

The lymphocyte transformation test in coeliac disease: effect of gliadin and detoxified gliadin.

Following in vitro stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin, lymphocytes from coeliac patients transformed less than those from control subjects. Neither gliadin nor detoxified gliadin stimulated lymphocyte transformation in patients with adult coeliac disease, but depressed transformation in lymphocytes from normal subjects and from patients on a gluten-free diet.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1978

Gastric neoplasm in the West of Ireland: an endoscopic survey.

The results of endoscopic examination, biopsy taken at endoscopy and cytology of brush smears and/or gastric lavage specimens in 100 patients with proven malignant gastric lesions are described. Overall, a correct pre-operative diagnosis was achieved in 98 cases. Endoscopic appearance was a more accurate criterion in cases of exophytic advanced carcinoma, malignant ulcer and lymphoma than in diffuse infiltrative carcinoma or in early carcinoma, where biopsy and cytology were more accurate. Nine per cent of neoplasms were malignant lymphomas, which is much higher than the usual reported incidence. Early carcinoma was found in 5% of cases. In spite of readily available facilities for endoscopic diagnosis, most cases of gastric neoplasm were already advanced at the time of examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Mucosal enzyme patterns in gastric epithelial disease.

A correlation was sought between changes in enzymes involved in gastric acid secretion (Mg-, NaK-, K- and HCO3-stimulated ATPases) and histological changes in gastric biopsies. Alkaline phosphatase was also studied. Mg- and NaK-stimulated ATPase activities increased significantly in biopsies from the pylorus and antrum which showed moderate or severe gastritis. NaK ATPase levels increased and HCO3 ATPase decreased in incisural, body and fundic mucosa which had intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis. No K+ ATPase was found in normal mucosa. The total activity of alkaline phosphatase did not vary with histological changes in the gastric mucosa. Results indicate that the ATPase enzyme systems are sensitive indicators of gastric mucosal disease.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1977

Coeliac disease: the abolition of gliadin toxicity by enzymes from Aspergillus niger.

1. Gliadin from which carbohydrate was removed by treatment with carbohydrase from Aspergillus niger was fed to three coeliac patients in remission. 2. Xylose absorption, mucosal morphology and brush-border enzymes were used to assess the toxicity of the carbohydrase-treated gliadin. 3. Gliadin treated with carbohydrases did not damage the intestinal mucosa of the coeliac patients. 4. The primary structure of the gliadin proteins was not altered by the enzyme treatment.

Adolescent↗