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Biomedical subjects

C Goujon

Publications and source records attributed to C Goujon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effect of UVB 311 nm irradiation on normal human skin.

Ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) on the skin induces erythema, inflammation and modifications of the immune system. These changes have been reported after excessive short-term or long-term exposure to broad spectrum UVB. In this study, we examined the effects of local repetitive UVB irradiation of 311 nm wavelength on the skin of seven young volunteers. Skin biopsies were taken before and after UVB irradiation, and we immunohistochemically analyzed the expression of CD1a and HLA-DR antigens of Langerhans cells (LC), the possible infiltration of dermis/epidermis by CD11b macrophages, the modifications or the induction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) involved in the binding of leukocytes to the endothelial surface and the development of perivascular infiltrates of LFA-1+ mononuclear cells. We also determined the expression of substance P receptors (SPR) using biotinylated substance P (SPB). Exposure of UVB 311 nm induced a drastic reduction of CD1a+ cells and a moderate increase of HLA-DR+ dendritic cells in the epidermis without infiltration by CD11b macrophages. An increase of the binding of SPB to upper layer epidermal cells was noted in five of seven biopsies. In the dermis, vessel-associated ICAM-1 expression increased and an induction of E-selectin occurred on nearly 20 to 40% of endothelial cells, but VCAM-1 expression remained undetectable. The percentage of LFA-1+ cells did not change significantly after irradiation. These observations may be compatible with a selective role of UVB 311 nm on the skin immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Real information needs of the traveller before his departure. Results of a survey by questionnaire].

This study is based upon 727 questionnaires completed by French travellers 10 days after intercontinental travel. The response rate was 40%. Two out of 5 travellers had generally mild health problems: fever (12%), diarrhoea (36%). Forty-six of them took drugs, which they had brought with them during their travel. Ten per cent had a satisfactory visit to a local physician. Medical informations given before departure appears to be sufficient, useful and relevant in more than 90% of cases. The traveller would like to receive them from his own physician or from vaccination centers. Other informations as insurance, assistance, administration, finances, appeared to have been incorrectly perceived by 20% of the travellers. The travel agent is the one who should provide adequate information. The traveller, in general, plans to do more travelling for his own well being if not for his work. Would not the bigger risk for him be "not to travel at all".

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Infarction in the anterior rostral cerebellum (the territory of the lateral branch of the superior cerebellar artery).

We report 9 patients with an isolated infarct of the anterior part of the rostral cerebellum, ie, the territory of the lateral branch of the superior cerebellar artery. Clinicoanatomic correlations are based on CT, MRI, or both in 8 patients and on pathologic data in the ninth. The main clinical features were ipsilateral dysmetria and axial lateropulsion, dysarthria, and unsteadiness. In 1 patient, the clinical presentation mimicked a lacunar stroke (dysarthria and clumsy hand syndrome). There were no edematous cerebellar infarcts with signs of brainstem compression, and all patients spontaneously improved without significant sequellae. Angiography in 2 patients and pathologic examination of arteries in 1 patient disclosed no occlusion in the vertebrobasilar system. Six patients had a cardiac source of emboli. In conclusion, infarcts of the anterior part of the rostral cerebellum can be regarded as a benign condition in which there is, frequently, a cardiac source of emboli.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Optimal length of antibiotic therapy in aspirated cerebral abscess].

Between 1983 and 1988, 22 patients with brain abscess were admitted to our neurosurgery department; 2 patients deeply comatose on admission and who died on the first day were excluded from this study. Treatment consisted of needle aspiration of the abscess and antibacterial therapy initially using a broad-spectrum antibiotic later replaced, in all cases, by an antibiotic found to be active in vitro against the organism(s) isolated. The portal of entry was eradicated as early as possible. The duration of antibiotic therapy was determined according to the changes observed on computerized tomography images classified as cavitary, nodular, hypodense or normal. Nodular images were taken as reflecting an inflammatory state in the healing process, and hypodense images as sequelae, so that antibiotics were withdrawn in patients with such images. Altogether, 62 per cent of the patients received antibiotics for 60 days and 95 per cent for 90 days. There was no recurrence. In some patients with deep or, chiefly, multiple abscesses, treatment was pursued. In any case, antibiotics should not be given for more than 90 days if the initial treatment has proved effective, since cure is achieved in 45 to 60 days on average.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Prognosis of ruptured intracranial mycotic aneurysms: a review of 12 cases.

Intracranial mycotic aneurysms (IMA) occur in 1-3% of all infective endocarditis. Although spontaneous resolution was evidenced on serial angiograms in many asymptomatic cases, the prognosis, if they rupture, is reported to be worse and partly contingent on the therapeutic approach. Among 12 patients (six acute and six subacute endocarditis) with ruptured IMA, six were treated surgically and four were treated medically. Two patients died during rupture before any treatment could be started. Six patients had a sudden rupture manifested by coma, less clear consciousness seizures, hemiparesis unilateral mydriasis. CT-Scan showed intracerebral, intraventricular and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Ten angiograms showed 11 IMA. For patients with ruptured IMA, the decision for surgical treatment was made in the presence of deepening coma and extensive mass-lesion on CT-scan (one of six died in the postoperative period). Others received medical treatment (four cases: all survived) and were followed-up with serial angiographies. Of the nine patients who survived, five remained free of any disability 1-4 years later. We suggest that the prognosis of ruptured IMA (25% mortality rate) is not as bad as previously reported if surgery following angiography is performed early in the presence of deepening coma and extensive lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The role of surgery and low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis. Apropos of 2 cases].

For one case of thrombosis of sinus sagittalis superior joint haemorrhagic cerebral softening necessitates surgical draining of haemorrhagic focus grown to a true intracranial haematoma; for the another case direct low molecular weight heparin treatment obtained a mere evolution. Authors are of the opinion that early low molecular weight heparin treatment is able to avoid massive haemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance imaging in the exploration of dissection of the internal carotid artery.

Five patients with recent spontaneous or post-traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery (ICA) were explored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using T1-weighted axial sections in all cases. In four patients examined during the subacute phase (after 7 days) the diagnosis of ICA dissection was strongly suspected on the association of a very high intensity signal produced by the parietal haematoma with a contiguous signal void area corresponding to the lumen of the ICA. A control MRI examination performed in two patients 2 months after the onset of dissection showed that it had regressed and that the carotid arteries were patent, which was confirmed by angiography. In the fifth patient MRI provided evidence for the evolution of a post-traumatic dissection towards thrombosis. The MRI image of carotid dissection at the subacute phase seems to be characteristic. MRI is also useful to follow up dissections under treatment and to postpone angiography. The latter, however, remains necessary to investigate for associated arterial dysplasia and to evaluate the sequelae of dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Thrombophlebitis of the superior longitudinal sinus in the surgical stage. Apropos of a case. Value of low-molecular weight heparin].

A case of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis is reported. The patient was a 27 years women and thrombosis occurred at 5 weeks pregnancy. This patient had one antithrombin III deficiency. Neurological feature associated hemiplegia and comatose with signs of severe intracranial hypertension (intracranial pressure greater than 50 mmHg). CT scan showed hemorrhagic infarct with man effect (real intracranial hematoma). This case was successful treated by surgical removal and low molecular weight heparin as anticoagulant. The patient recovered rapidly and kept only a slight focal deficit.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Minor hepatitis probably caused by amodiaquine].

The authors present eight cases of hepatitis probably due to amodiaquine taken at a prophylactic dose. Seven cases were minor forms with vomiting, nausea and 3 to 8 fold rise in transaminases. One case had jaundice. The symptoms regressed when amodiaquine was replaced by chloroquine. An in vitro test done once was positive.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed1982

[Skin reactions to piroxicam (three cases) (author's transl)].

Three cases of skin reactions that occurred in patients under oral administration of Piroxicam are reported here: one erythema-multiforme-like reaction and two cases of acute, pruriginous erythemato-papulous dermatitis, one of which with intraepidermal blister formation. No past history of skin disease could be formed; lesions spontaneously improved when the drug was stopped. Only in one patient, receiving Piroxicam and Fenoprofene, an acute nephritis was observed. The role of Piroxicam, a new non-steroid antiinflammatory agent in the pathogenesis of the skin reactions observed is discussed. However, the renal involvement formed in one case is likely due to Fenoprofene, as in previously reported cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Does linear psoriasis exist? (author's transl)].

A child had both a congenital nevus unius lateris and a linear psoriasis of recent onset which first appeared localized to the nevus, and later became generalized. Histology of the psoriatic lesion overlying the nevus revealed the typical features of psoriasis and epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Psoriasis and nevus have both disappeared with Ro 10.9359 therapy. Five similar cases of psoriasis overlying an epidermal nevus have been found in the literature. The epidermal nevus is a fertile site for the development of psoriatic lesions in a predisposed person. It is an example of the Köbner phenomenon. A wider definition of this phenomenon is suggested. The features of linear psoriasis are studied and we now believe that true linear psoriasis is not a distinct clinical entity and that previously reported cases correspond in fact to an inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN).

Child↗
PubMed1980

Experimental production of antibodies against stratum corneum keratin polypeptides.

Anti-keratin polypeptide sera (K.P.S) were obtained by immunizing guinea pigs with fibrous proteins from stratum corneum, which were acquired from normal human epidermis by m eans of S.D.S. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After absorption with red blood cells and liver powder the sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence technique on different substrates. Antibodies against polypeptides P1 and P2 of M.W. 67,000 and 62,000 dalton, respectively, were directed toward cytoplasmic Ag of keratinocytes of spinous and graunular layer of normal human and rabbit epidermis. No labeling could be detected in the basal cell layer. This finding is in favor of various differentiation stages of the keratinizing cells. P3 of M.W. 53,000 dalton induced low titre anibodies which labelled the whole epidermis, including the basal cell layer. The fourth polypeptide of M.W. 49,000 dalton seemed not to be immunogenic in such experiences. In tumors, such as basal cell carcinom,a squamous cell carcinoma, and warts, the expression of keratin antigens is markedly diminished. No analogy could be drawn between experimental keratin polypeptide antibodies and the human epidermal cytoplasmic antibodies which were detected in some patient sera.

Animals↗