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Biomedical subjects

C Kemmer

Publications and source records attributed to C Kemmer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Induction of thyroid neoplasms in the rat. A histochemical, immunohistochemical, autoradiographic and ultrastructural study.

Papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland induced in rats by combined methylthiouracil (MTU)/nitrosomethylurea treatment were studied electron microscopically and histochemically for their acid phosphatase activity, radioactive iodine uptake and for their thyroglobulin synthesis. The papillary carcinomas accumulated radioactive iodine, synthesized thyroglobulin and showed a perinuclear localization of acid phosphatase activity in the cytoplasm. After omitting the reactive thyrotropic effect (cessation of MTU administration) a decrease of both iodine organification and acid phosphatase activity was observed. The synthesis of thyroglobulin was also reduced. The changes in the ultrastructure of tumour cells corresponded to the respective functional activities. The results suggest that the papillary carcinomas may have a functional dependence on thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Energy state, glycolytic intermediates and mitochondrial function in the liver during reversible and irreversible endotoxin shock.

Metabolites of the energy and carbohydrate metabolism and mitochondrial function in the liver were compared in rats with reversible as well as with irreversible shock. 6 h after induction of shock there was a close correlation between the severity of shock and the energy state of the liver. Only rats with irreversible shock showed a marked deterioration in parameters of the adenylate system, whereas in animals with reversible shock the energy state remained at control levels. Liver glycogen and glucose stores declined similarly in all shocked rats. The capacity of isolated liver mitochondria to produce ATP did not essentially differ in reversible and irreversible shock. Further investigations should consider the intracellular environment in evaluating the mitochondrial function in vivo during endotoxin shock.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

[Liver morphology and clinical aspects of a case of cholesterol ester storage disease].

Liver specimen morphology and clinical course of a case of cholesterol ester storage disease are presented. In a 16-year-old boy on the first biopsy a massive storage of neutral fats was found light microscopically and of cholesterol ester micropolariscopically. Advanced portal field fibrosis and severe reactive hepatitis indicate the danger of progression up to metaplasia. Typical membrane-surrounded lipid inclusions were found electron microscopically in hepatic cells, stellate cells and also in bile duct epithelium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The morphology of skin damage in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT)].

Skin biopsies (fresh and old blisters) of the back of the hand and lower arm, respectively, obtained from 24 patients with clinically and biochemically established porphyria cutanea tarda have been examined light and electron microscopically, 15 out of them also by immunofluorescence microscopy (occurrence of IgG, IgM and C3). Light microscopically there were subepidermal blisterings and typical corial broadenings of the capillary wall with deposits of diastase-resistant PAS-positive material in and around the walls of the vessels. Electron microscopically, replications of the capillary basement membrane with deposits of amorphous material were observed. IgG and C 3 on the dermoepidermal junction and in the capillaries could be identified by means of the direct immunofluorescence method in a number of cases. The pathogenesis of the lesions of the vessel walls and that of the subepidermal blistering, hitherto interpreted as their consequence, is not yet clarified sufficiently.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1988

[Radiation pneumonitis. Morphology and pathogenesis].

Radiation-induced pulmonary damage is an inflammatory process which progresses in stages. The quantity rather than quality of pulmonary reactions depends on the given radiation dose. Damage to endothelial cells of capillaries and of respiratory epithelium is the initial event in the development of radiation pneumonitis. Release or activation of cytogenic and serum-derived mediators, increased permeability of the capillary wall, and damage to pneumocytes II are the most important factors in pathogenesis. There is no morphological latent stage. The latency between exposure to irradiation and manifestation of clinical symptoms of pneumonitis may be explained by the morphologic findings. Several non-radiation-induced lung diseases are predisposing factors. There is a tendency to bacterial, viral or mycological superinfections in patients with radiation pneumonitis. Radiotherapy leaves behind a latent pulmonary lesion with continuously changing reactions to most various irritations.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Bronchial secretions and bronchial mucosa in children with cystic fibrosis: comparison of bronchoscopic, biochemical, bacteriological, microscopic and ultrastructural findings.

In children (mean age 12.1 +/- 2.9 years) with cystic fibrosis, 44 bronchoscopic examinations were done under general anaesthesia with muscle relaxation using a Friedel type ventilation bronchoscope. The endoscopic picture of the mucous membranes was compared with the state of the bronchial secretions, its bacteriologic findings and content of acid mucopolysaccharides and DNA fibres (semiquantitative estimations). In all patients biopsy of the mucous membrane (central part of the bronchial tree) was performed for light and electron microscopy. The degree of reddening, swelling of the mucous membrane and hypersecretion was in some agreement with the intensity of the cellular infiltration and the production of pus (microscopic investigation). Secondary ultrastructural changes were detected in nearly all children, consisting of cellular oedema, swelling of mitochondria, dilatation of the endoplasmatic reticulum, protrusion of cells and fusion of cilia, enlarged intercellular spaces, thickening of the epithelial basal membrane, increased number of goblet cells, microtubular abnormalities of the cilia, lesions of the apical cell membrane with loss of cilia and microvilli. These ultrastructural changes were not correlated with the above-mentioned signs of inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Therapeutic and pathogenetic aspects of porphyria cutanea tarda].

Seventy-three patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) were treated with chloroquine phosphate, which was administered in doses of 250 mg twice a week for more than 1 year on average. Of these patient, 49% did not have any associated ("inducing") factors. After treatment, serum transaminases and gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) always returned to normal values. However, gamma-GT did not reach the normal range in the group without associated factors ("idiopathic group"). Of the 66 patients studied, 25 achieved an approximately physiological distribution of the pattern of urinary porphyrin fractions. Control biopsies were performed in 66 patients. Of them, 48 patients showed an improvement in liver damage. A statistically significant correlation was observed between a lasting increase in urinary prophyrin content and unchanged pathological liver morphology. A pathogenesis concept for PCT is discussed as a disease between inheritance (genetic enzyme defect) and environment ("inducing factors"). Even in the "idiopathic group" the improvement of pathological liver changes after therapeutic removal of the pathological prophyrin content in the liver cells shows that porphyrins could also cause liver damage.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1985

[Bronchial secretion and bronchial mucosa in children with mucoviscidosis: results of comparative bronchoscopic, biochemical, bacteriologic, light and electron microscopic studies].

Twenty two patients with cystic fibrosis, 7 to 17 years of age, underwent each two bronchoscopic investigations, the second six months later than the first, in general anaesthesia with muscle relaxation using a ventilation bronchoscope and taking small biopsies of the mucous membrane. The degree of reddening, swelling of the mucous membranes and hypersecretion was in some agreement with the intensity of the cellular infiltration and the production of pus (microscopic investigation). Secondary ultrastructural changes were detected in nearly all children: e.g. cellular oedema, protrusion of cells and fusion of cilia, microtubular abnormalities of the cilia, lesions of the apical cell membranes and increased number of goblet cells. These changes of ultrastructure were not correlated to the mentioned signs of inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Biochemical and ultrastructural changes of the liver during the loss of cerebral function].

Biochemical and electron optical changes in the liver cell were recorded at the experimental brain death in dogs. The investigation results refer to a hypoxic lesion at the beginning of the brain death despite of a strong flow in the hepatic artery and the portal vein. An enlarged shunt flow is discussed to be the cause.--A distinct recovery tendency shows the morphological picture at the state of the brain death despite reducing the hepatic blood-flow and without aimed therapeutic measures. This recovery tendency appears better in the electron microscopical finding than in the behaviour of the cell metabolites.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1983

[Paracrystalline needle-shaped cytoplasmic liver cell inclusions in chronic hepatic porphyria--light and electron microscopic examination of liver biopsy specimens].

Paracrystalline needle-shaped cytoplasmic liver cell inclusions could be identified by light and electron microscopic examinations of 19 liver biopsy specimens in chronic hepatic porphyria. Light microscopically, they occurred in 6 cases, electron microscopically they were found in 13 ones. In the electron microscope these inclusions displayed tubular substructures with enhanced contrast of the membranes. They are specific for chronic hepatic porphyria; their light microscopic identification is of diagnostic value. Membranous material occurring in cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum and adjacent to pigments and inclusions has not been described so far and is discussed with regard to its origin. Alterations of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, observed in all cases, point to a general liver cell damage in chronic hepatic porphyria. Up to the present, the chemical structure and pathogenesis of the inclusions are still unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Non A, non B hepatitis: ultrastructural findings in human liver biopsies.

Dense intranuclear particles 30 to 40 nm diameter, could be identified in liver specimens from female patients, who immediately after delivery had been inoculated with sera contaminated with non A, non B hepatitis. The same particles were described previously by KENDREY et al. (1975) in a case of acute hepatitis without clinical or serological evidence for hepatitis A and B. The joint occurrence of dense intranuclear particles with typical core particles in cases of chronic B hepatitis show that they are not specific for non A, non B hepatitis. The observed structures are likely to be nonspecific responses of hepatocytic nuclei to different hepatitis viruses. The nature of relationship to the infectious agent remains to be elucidated. Tubular structures in the endoplasmic reticulum and other cytoplasmic inclusions which had been demonstrated in liver cells from chimpanzees inoculated with non A, non B hepatitis, did not occur in our material.

Biopsy↗