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Biomedical subjects

C Mazzi

Publications and source records attributed to C Mazzi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A clinical study of the pineal hormone melatonin in patients with growth hormone or prolactin secreting pituitary tumours.

OBJECTIVES: Despite the well documented influence of the pineal gland on pituitary function, the evaluation of pineal activity is not generally included in the clinical investigation of patients with pituitary tumours. The present study analyzed the circadian secretion of melatonin, the main pineal hormone, in patients with pituitary adenomas. METHODS: The study included 36 patients with pituitary tumours (acromegaly: 11; prolactinoma: 25), by comparing the results with those seen in 42 healthy controls. Moreover, patients were endocrinologically investigated after oral administration of 10 mg of melatonin. RESULTS: Abnormally high serum levels of melatonin during the period of maximum light and abnormally low increases during the night were seen in 7/36 and 16/36 patients, respectively, without any relation to tumour histotype. Moreover, night serum mean levels of melatonin were significantly lower in patients than in controls. Finally, the exogenous administration of melatonin did not influence growth hormone and prolactin secretions in patients with acromegaly and prolactinomas, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the existence of an altered pineal function in patients with pituitary tumours. Further studies will be required to establish the pathogenetic and prognostic significance of pineal disorders in neoplastic disease of the pituitary gland.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1992

[Obstetric complications associated with DIC. Importance of D-dimer in the diagnosis and treatment. A clinical case].

The case of a 32-year old woman with 36-week pregnancy presented at hospital because of spontaneous vaginal bleeding, anemia and mild hypotension is reported. Fetal mors in utero, abruptio placentae and diffuse intravascular coagulation were diagnosed. The patient subsequently underwent cesarean section and large retroplacental hematoma was removed and obviously fetum. The DIC was easily controlled by means of recently introduced method of determination of fibrin D-dimer.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of 2 techniques of anesthesia induction in modern closed-circuit anesthesia].

The application of low flow anesthesia goes back already for more than 65 years when Ralph Waters introduced and applied cyclopropane with a very simple canister technique. The guide-lines for the clinical use of the closed circuit anesthesia were published in Chicago and Los Angeles by Professor Lin and Professor Lowe 15 years ago. We examined and followed these procedures on a modern anesthesia machine and easily achieved a good clinical performance. Our results were consistent with the modern anesthesia standard in closed circuit t.i.: economical benefits, environment savage of waste gases, heat production and humidification and last but not least in both techniques a quick anesthesia plane on 10-12 minutes that was consistent with theoretical considerations.

Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit↗
PubMed1992

[The use of intravenous nifedipine for the treatment of severe hypertensive crisis. A clinical case].

Nifedipine is a calcium channel antagonist. Hypertensive crisis during anaesthesia may be elicited during the induction period or by the surgical manipulating of intrapelvic viscera. We report a case in which nifedipine given intravenously (currently an investigational dosage form) was effective in controlling a severe hypertensive crisis at dose averaging 3.4 mcg/kg/min initially and half as much for maintenance. Arterial pressure was controlled as quickly as with nitroprusside, but with no change in heart rate or cardiac output and without other untoward effects during anaesthesia.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1990

[Combined therapy, oral hypoglycemic agent and low-dose insulin, in type 2 diabetes mellitus in secondary failure: a year's experience].

We have evaluated, for a period of 12 months, the response to the combined therapy with oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin at low doses in a group of 21 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in secondary failure. A clear improvement of the parameters considered (fasting and postprandial glycaemia, glycated haemoglobin) was obtained, while maintaining the endogenous secretion of insulin. Important side effects were not observed and the increases of body weight and insulin dose registered in the course of one year were of minor importance.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1990

A study of pineal-prolactin interaction: prolactin response to an acute melatonin injection in patients with hyperprolactinemia.

Several studies demonstrated that the pineal gland plays a regulatory role in PRL secretion. At present, however, there are few clinical data only about the pineal function in PRL secretion disorders. To further clarify which is the pineal importance in the dysfunctions of PRL release, we have evaluated the effect of an acute injection of the pineal hormone melatonin in 19 patients with hyperprolactinemia, 8 of whom had idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, while the other 11 had a prolactinoma. Melatonin was given im at a dose of 20 mg at 09:00 h, and venous blood samples were collected at -20, 0, 20, 60, 120, 180 min. A normalization of PRL levels was achieved after melatonin injection in 3/8 patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, while no effect was seen in patients with prolactinoma. Further studies, by evaluating the effect of a chronic treatment, will be required to define which is the action of melatonin on PRL release in PRL secretion disorders, and to evaluate its possible therapeutic role.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Hydrothorax as a complication of subclavian vein catheterization. Pathogenetic mechanism and description of a clinical case].

We report a case of possible detouring and malfunctioning of the left subclavian catheter in the homolateral internal mammary vein or of perforation form its tip of the wall of the left innominate vein. The tip of the catheter was rigid and sharp, may be the contractions of the heart or turbulent flow impinged it against the vein wall and have enhanced the perforation. The result was a hydrothorax that allowed a severe cardiac simile tamponed syndrome. The pathophysiology was also discussed.

Cardiac Tamponade↗
PubMed1990

[Poisoning with shoe dye. A clinical case].

The paper reports the case of a young male which was severely poisoned by anilyne shoe black. After a few hours, he was in a semicomatose state, accompanied by "very dark" arterial blood gases with oxygen tension in excess of 100 mmHg. Following the administration of intravenous methylene blue (2 mg/kg), methemoglobin was reduced to hemoglobin and the level of consciousness immediately improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Hemofiltration and dialysis in a case of rhabdomyolysis].

The effect of CAVDH was evaluated in a patient with rhabdomyolysis due to extreme low temperature and also to carbon monoxide poisoning. Since renal failure im myoglobinuria has a relatively good prognosis, we recommend in this case the use of a soft technique such as continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration with dialysis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Indications for the hormonal therapy of cryptorchism].

The treatment of cryptorchidism is nowadays based on one of the following drugs: chorionic gonadotropins, FSH, LHRH analogues. The chorionic gonadotropin treatment is the first choice treatment given in quite similar way by various Authors. It is furthermore the less expensive. Its activity is mainly pharmacological. The chorionic gonadotropin can be administered both as monotherapy as well as associated. The associated treatments are with FSH and with LHRH analogues. The latter way of treatment requires a skilled experience because of the precise diagnosis needed to administer the LHRH analogues.

Cryptorchidism↗
PubMed1979

[The prehypophyseal-gonadal system in the normal male and in some forms of testicular dyscrinism. Evaluation studies in basic conditions and after stimulation].

The secretion values of the two seric gonadotropins and of plasmatic testosterone have been estimated in a casuistry of normal males subdivided in groups of 8 to 95 years of age, and of primitive and secondary testicular dyschrinia. In one part of this casuistry, normal and primitive hypogonadics, we have estimated the response to the intravenous administration of Gn-RH. Among the results which have been obtained, it appears that physiologic hypogonadism of the elderly is a primary phenomenum, not hypophyso-dependent. In the hypophysiary stimulus test, the response of gonadotropins in those old men moves away from the response of hypogonadics considered, by a behaviour much more similar to that of normal adults, even if delayed and prolonged. In all the cases, normal and pathologic, the response of testosterone is variable, perhaps owing to the relation with the various factor which have been noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Action of trazodone on the secretion of pituitary hormones. Behavior of prolactin and somatotropin].

The effect of i.v. trazpdone on PRL and GH was studied in normal subjects and in patients with hypophyseal adenoma coupled with amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea or acromegaly. PRL levels were reduced, whereas the behaviour of GH was paradoxical. These results suggest that the dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems take part in regulating the secretion of these two hormones. An interesting comparison was made with their behaviour following the administration of bromoergocryptine in the adenoma series.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1976

Hormonal variations in secondary amenorrhoea during the metyrapone test.

The occurrence of uterine bleeding following administration of Metyrapone in cases of secondary amenorrhoea and oligomenorrhoea led the authors to measure pituitary, gonadal and adrenal hormone levels, before and after the oral administration of this drug in sixteen patients, in an attempt to provide an interpretation of this phenomenon. There were expected changes in plasma ACTH and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, but no variations were noted in serum FSH and LH, plasma oestradiol and urinary oestrogens; the most important alterations occurred in plasma progesterone and urinary pregnanetriol levels. It is suggested that bleeding occurs because of the changes which are induced in plasma progesterone levels.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1975

[FSH, LH and testosterone evaluation in healthy males from pre-puberty to senile age. Study in basic conditions and after stimulation with Gn-RH].

The secretion values of the two seric gonadotropins and of plasmatic Testosterone have been estimated in a casuistry of normal males, 114 subjects, subdivided in groups of 8 to 95 years of age. Our investigation allowed to compare hormonal levels in the different ages; in particular, the pattern in senescence appeared greatly interesting. In one part of this casuistry, we have estimated the response to the intravenous administration of Gn-RH. The test showed a positive gonadotropic response in all ages, with some differences between FSH and LH, and induced no significant change in testosterone secretion. Among the results which have been obtained, it appears that physiologic hypogonadism of the elderly is a primary phenomenon, not hypophysodependent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of fenfluramine and cyproheptadine on growth hormone secretion.

The behaviour of GH, its biological behaviour and response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in obese and underweight patients, of ages varying from 10 to 39 years, was studied before and after treatment wie circadian course of the hormone following adminstration of either drug. Neither did pre-treatment with fenfluramine and cyproheptadine, No modification was noted in the circadian course of the hormaone following administration of either drug. Neither did pre-treatment with cyproheptadine modify the hormonal level in the stimulated test. It was, however, noted that pre-treatment with fenfluramine appears to influence the somatotropinic response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, yet of different significance in children and adults.

Adolescent↗