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Biomedical subjects

C Morgenstern

Publications and source records attributed to C Morgenstern.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Therapy of acute hearing loss].

In the treatment of sudden deafness there is no significant difference between Rheomacrodex i.v., Procain i.v., Dusodril i.v., Ronicol i.v., Complamin i.v. or anaesthesia of Ganglion stellatum. We show that good outcomes are attributed to spontaneous recovery. The so called "good effect of early therapy" in sudden deafness is the result of selection of spontaneous recovery. The prognosis of sudden deafness with according vestibular symptoms is less favourable. A definite clarifying of spontaneous recovery needs a prospective randomised double blind study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Pathogenesis and clinical aspects of Ménière disease. A study of 739 patients].

The symptomatology of Ménièr's disease is delineated by means of 739 cases observed in a period of 25 years. The dilation of the endolymphatic space accompanied by a temporary mixture of endolymph and perilymph substantiates the idea of a nosologic entity as well as the interpretation of the symptoms: vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and fullness of the ear. The medical treatment by infusions of Rheomacrodex, vasodilatory substances, antivertiginosa, and psychosedatives is unsatisfying just as surgical treatment by saccotomy, sacculotomy, labyrinthectomy, and other operations at the inner ear. Local application of gentamycin into the middle ear can produce good results; in cases of failure the neurectomy should be taken in consideration. The neurectomy eliminates vertigo, but there remains the need of central compensation and the possibility of appearance of Ménière's disease on the other ear.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of alpha receptor-blocking agents on inner ear function (author's transl)].

Nicergolin is used in the treatment of tinnitus, cerebral insufficiency, and sensorineural hearing loss. An increase of cerebral blood flow was observed after i.v. injection of Nicergolin (0.1 mg/kg). The effect of this drug on the inner ear was studied by measuring the DC potential and K+ activity in the endolymph. A rapid fall of the DC potential and hypocapnea were observed after the injection of Nicergolin (0.2 mg/kg). An increase of expiratory PCO2 (10-20 mm Hg) was also observed. Arteficial respiration with pure oxygen prevented the fall of the DC potential. The present investigation demonstrates that this drug primarily acts on the respiratory center with secondary PCO2 increase in the blood which then causes the dilatation of cerebral vessels. The fall of the DC potential after the injection of Nicergolin appears to be caused by hypoxia and not by direct effect on the inner ear.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Functional and morphological findings of endolymphatic sac.

After obliteration of endolymphatic sac and duct, no significant alteration in d.c. potential, K+ activity or protein content during the development of endolymphatic hydrops could be observed. The K+ activity of endolymphatic sac was only one-ninth of that in the cochlear part of the endolymph. After injection of Thorotrast into the endolymphatic sac, aggregated particles were found in the cochlear endolymph 2 days later. Ethacrynic acid (60 mg/kg) caused a decrease in K+ activity in the cochlear endolymph, but an increase in the endolymphatic sac. Intercellular edema was observed both in stria vascularis and in endolymphatic sac by light and electronmicroscopy after ethacrynic acid administration. These results suggest the existence of an active transport mechanism in the endolymphatic sac epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The laser microprobe mass analysis technique in the studies of the inner ear.

Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) has been used to investigate cation and anion concentration in shock frozen, freeze-dried and plastic embedded inner ear tissue. Dissected inner ear specimens were prepared in various media of known ionic compositions and the influence on the K/Na ratio was measured in the lateral cochlea wall (spiral ligament, stria vascularis). For control purposes of the various procedures employed, muscle specimens (external standard) were processed in parallel. It was found that there is a good correlation between the K/Na ratio and the preservation of the tissue fine structure by comparing the results in tissues with different degrees of freezing damage.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1981

[The function of the human posterior vertical canal and the extent of central compensation in unilateral dissection of the vestibular nerve].

The vestibular nerve innervates the semicircular canals through two branches. The first branch innervates the anterior vertical and the horizontal canals and the second branch innervates the posterior vertical canal. In transtemporal neurectomy the dissection of the vestibular nerve was sometimes only in the upper part. In these cases the fibres to the posterior vertical canal are still intact. In Düsseldorf 41 patients were treated by transtemporal neurectomy from 1970 until 1977. Five of these patients show an incomplete dissection of the vestibular nerve. They had a normal endolymph circulation with afferent nerve fibres only from the posterior vertical canal. These patients were examined by caloric and rotatory stimulation in different head positions. Vertical and horizontal eye movements were simultaneously recorded. The stimulation of the posterior vertical canal shows a rotatory eye movement. The results were compared with the second Ewald law.

Caloric Tests↗
PubMed1981

[Analysis of fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss (author's transl)].

Many inner ear diseases are accomplished with fluctuating hearing loss. Fluctuating hearing loss is a symptom which possibly can be caused by biophysical, biochemical, toxic, bioelectrical and immunological changes in the cochlea. An analysis of the different forms of this diseases could open up new aspects of pathogenesis and therapy.

Bone Conduction↗
PubMed1980

[Hearing impairment in children. Its problems and prognosis (author's transl)].

Classification of the aetiological factors in sensorineural hearing loss in children and the possible methods of its causal diagnosis and treatment are discussed. Hereditary sensorineural hearing loss is not per se resistant to treatment. Diagnostically distinction should be made between sensorineural and strial deafness, and for this accurate localization of pathology is necessary. Examples are given supporting these arguments.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Oxygen supply of middle- and inner ear in experimental tubar occlusion (author's transl)].

1. The mucosa of the middle ear is not only supplied with oxygen from the blood but also from the air space of the middle ear. 2. Under physiological conditions, the perilymph is supplied partially with oxygen from the tympanic cavity. When the PO2 in the middle ear falls below 57 mm Hg, a net diffusion flux of oxygen from the perilymph to the middle ear induces a loss of oxygen from the inner ear. 3. A negative pressure of 25 mm Hg generated in the middle ear, causes a transudate. Subsequently, slight disturbances of microcirculation should occur in the mucosal membrane (pO2-histogram). More pronounced negative pressure lead to very distinct disturbances of microcirculation and local oxygen supply.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Functional morphology of stria vascularis after treatment with ethacrynic acid or atoxyl (author's transl)].

Surface alterations of the stria vascularis and Reissner's membrane were studied in guinea pigs following intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of ethacrynic acid or atoxyl. DC-potential was measured in the same animals during intoxication. In addition we studied changements in potassium concentration (perilymph, endolymph) of the atoxyl-treated animals.

Action Potentials↗