Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Nezelof.
The non-specific carboxyl (serine) esterase of the human pulmonary alveolar macrophage was localized ultrastructurally using alpha-naphthyl acetate and hexazotized pararosanilin. The reaction product principally outlined the outer side of the plasma membrane. Consequently, this esterase is an ectoenzyme which may function as mediator of cell response to injurious agents from the outside.
The comparative morphological and histochemical studies of human thymic lymphocytes and 2 T--cell lymphomas allow the authors to emphasize the diagnostic value of a polar cytoplasmic acid phosphatase activity. This simple cytochemical method can provide permanent documentation easily stored and counted. It provides additional arguments to identify the stem cell of some human lymphomas.
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A case of Hodgkin's disease beginning in the skin of the face with local lymph node involvement is reported. This was a lymphogranulomatous form without characteristic Reed-Sternberg cells in skin biopsy specimens, rendering the diagnosis difficult. There was a combination of granulomatous inflammation, plaques of necrosis and lesions of fibrinoid necrosis in the vessel walls. This form entered the classification of clinical Stage IV, with its associated serious prognosis.
Membrane receptors for Ig and IgG and receptors for immune complexes (C3) have been identified on the surface of histiocytosis X cells by direct immunofluorescence and by rosette formation. Histiocytosis X cells also avidly phagocytose human RBC and latex particles. The cells studied originated from three eosinophilic granulomas of bone and were maintained in culture for 12 days. These immunological characteristics suggest that histiocytosis X cells represent a neoplastic variant of a cellular subpopulation (Langerhans lineage) which probably belongs to the mononuclear phagocyte system.
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Human fetal lung obtained from 9-26 = weeks = old embryos were maintained in organ culture for 2-5 weeks. The in vitro survival and changes are clearly age dependent. The best survival was obtained with lung tissue from the early glandular period. With these young embryos tubular dilation was frequent during the 1st week. The relatively short duration of culture permitted only a fragmentary study of differentiation of the human lung in vitro but, with the exception of tubular dilations, most of the in vitro changes were also found during lung differentiation in vivo = monostratification of epithelium, bronchiolar development, decrease of glycogen, appearance of myelinlike figures, fibroblastic and myoblastic transformation of mesenchymal cells.
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The diagnosis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia can be established by indirect immunofluorescence test performed on the sera of the patients. This investigation has proved to be valid since it gives 50 p.cent of positive results in 16 confirmed cases. The false negative results can be imputed in some patients, to the extreme severity of the immune deficiency.
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On the basis of the fact that the autonomic innervation of the appendix reflects that of the caecum, that appendicectomy is easier and less dangerous than multiple biopsies of the wall of the colon and that frozen section and later study, with the aid of a rapid histoenzymatic technique, is more convenient than that of small fragments which are always difficult to orientate, the authors recommend this investigation in cases in which a syndrome of obstruction in the neonatal or postnatal period poses the problem of the diagnosis and emergency treatment for total absence of colonic ganglia.
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