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Biomedical subjects

C O Solberg

Publications and source records attributed to C O Solberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cross-reacting serum opsonins in patients with meningococcal disease.

We have examined the opsonic activity of sera from patients with Neisseria meningitidis (B:15:P1.16) infections against different meningococcal strains, using flow cytometry and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. A marked increase in the phagocytosis of ethanol-fixed meningococcal strains of different serogroups, serotypes, and serosubtypes was demonstrated in the presence of convalescence sera compared with acute sera. Convalescence sera also caused a significant increase of leukocyte oxidative metabolism during phagocytosis, as measured by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. The sera contained a broad range of opsonins cross-reacting with serogroup A, B, C, W-135, and Y meningococci of different serotypes and serosubtypes, indicating that the cross-reacting opsonins recognized surface epitopes other than those determined by current serotyping schemes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Two-layer gradient separation of granulocytes for functional tests.

Two gradient separation techniques were compared with the dextran sedimentation method for the separation of granulocytes from blood. Both techniques gave adequate yield and excellent purity, and flow cytometric analysis of surface membrane markers gave no indication of subset selection during the procedure. Cells separated by the three methods behaved comparably in functional tests including random migration, chemotaxis and chemiluminescence. The gradient separation techniques are rapid and efficient methods for the preparation of near 100% pure granulocyte suspensions for functional studies.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1978

Pivmecillinam treatment of chronic urinary tract infection.

Twenty-eight patients with chronic urinary tract infections were treated with 400 mg pivmecillinam orally three times daily for 10 to 15 days. The diagnosis was confirmed by a history of cystitis or cystopyelitis four to six times annually, microscopy of urine sediment, and growth of pathogens in urine specimens obtained by suprapubic bladder puncture. Three days, three and six weeks after completion of therapy the success rates were 24/28, 20/28 and 19/28 respectively. Pivmecillinam was well tolerated. Two patients developed nausea and vomiting. Other side-effects were not observed. Pivmecillinam is a useful drug in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Influence of phenylbutazone on leukocyte chemiluminescence and function.

The effect of phenylbutazone on human leukocyte chemiluminescence, phagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteria has been examined. A marked reduction of chemiluminescence and intracellular killing of bacteria was observed. The effect on phagocytosis was less pronounced. High drug concentrations nearly abolished light emission, and concentrations equivalent to those obtained in plasma during therapy caused a 25--30% reduction. The effect occurred within less than 10 minutes. No permanent effect upon resting cells was observed. Phenylbutazone reduced the effect of sodium azide on leukocyte chemiluminescnece, indicating that the drug might also inhibit myeloperoxidase dependent chemiluminescnece. Whether these impairments of leukocyte function also take place in vivo resulting in enhanced susceptibility to infection remains unknown.

Azides↗
PubMed1978

Susceptibility of 327 clinical isolates to netilmicin.

Netilmicin, a semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, was tested against 327 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-negative enteric bacilli. Seventy-two per cent of the isolates were inhibited at a concentration of 0.5 microgram netilmicin per ml, and 93% of the isolates were susceptible to 4 microgram per ml or less. The MICs of netilmicin and gentamicin for 24 Providencia and 38 Pseudomonas isolates were compared. The activity of netilmicin closely paralleled that of gentamicin, 46% of the Providencia isolates and 32% of the Pseudomonas isolates not being inhibited by 4 microgram per ml of either drug.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1978

Protection of phagocytosed bacteria against antimicrobial agents.

Antibiotic sensitive Staphylococcus aureus phagocytosed by human neutrophil granulocytes were exposed to penicillin G (benzyl penicillin), gentamicin or rifampicin in concentrations from 2.5 U/ml, 2.5 microgram/ml and 0.2 microgram/ml to 250 U/ml, 250 microgram/ml and 20 microgram/ml, respectively. The bacteria were protected from the antibacterial effects of penicillin G and gentamicin. Considerable numbers of phagocytosed bacteria remained viable after 24 hours exposure to antibiotic concentrations that killed more than 99% of extracellular bacteria in less than one hour. Killing of intracellular bacteria was more pronounced with rifampicin, indicating that the penetration of this drug into the phagocytic vacuole is superior to penicillin G and gentamicin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

Rubella reinfection.

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False Positive Reactions↗
PubMed1977

Granulocyte function in bacterial infections in man.

The reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye and the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of neutrophil granulocytes from 141 patients with bacterial infections and 141 controls have been examined and related to granulocyte morphology. In 115 patients (82 per cent), the NBT reduction capacity was higher than in any control. Vacuolization of the cytoplasm and/or toxic granulation of the neutrophils were demonstrated more often in patients with high than low NBT reduction capacity. In 49 patients (35 per cent), the bactericidal activity of the neutrophils was lower than in any control. Thirty-eight patients (78 per cent) with impaired bactericidal activity had 25 per cent or more peripheral juvenile neutrophils as compared with only 12 (13 per cent) out of 92 patients with normal activity. Vacuolization of the cytoplasm and/or toxic granulation of the neutrophils were demonstrated in 28 patients (57 per cent) in whom the granulocyte function was reduced and in 26 patients (28 per cent) in whom function was normal. Within wide limits, the NBT reduction capacity increased with diminishing bactericidal activity of the neutrophils. Eighteen patients died of infection; 12 had reduced bactericidal activity. Defects in neutrophil granulocyte function caused by bacterial infection may contribute to a fatal outcome of the disease.

Abscess↗
PubMed1977

Influence of hydrocortisone on granulocyte function and glucose metabolism.

Examination has been made of the influence of hydrocortisone on the in vitro phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils and the production of lactate and CO2 during phagocytosis of latex particles. In high concentrations, 0.5-2 mg per ml, hydrocortisone caused a significant reduction in the phagocytosis and the production of lactate. Neither the bactericidal activity nor the production of 14CO2 from (U-14C) glucose in phagocytizing leukocytes was influenced by these hydrocortisone concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Human leucocyte migration: studies with an improved skin chamber technique.

An improved skin chamber technique has been developed for the study of localized leucocyte mobilization (LLM). Uniform "windows" of denuded dermis were produced by a suction device applied to the forearm skin, eliciting delineated areas of epidermal separation by blister formation. The acellular blister fluid, roof and basement membrane were removed, and the blister base was covered with a rubber chamber containing autologous serum as leucocyte attractant. Duplicate chambers were harvested at prescribed intervals during the first 24 hours. In 15 healthy individuals, virtually no cells were observed after 2 hours, a median of 1.9 X 10(6) after 4 hours, increasing to 3.8 X 10(7) after 24 hours. Subnormal LLM was demonstrated in three of seven patients with severe bacterial infections and in three of seven leukaemia patients. LLM was normal in eight patients with other malignancies. Ninety to 98 per cent of the cells were polymorphonuclear neutrophils and less than 1 per cent were erythrocytes. In the chamber neutrophils, vacuolization of the cytoplasm was prominent, bactericidal capacity reduced and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction increased, thus indicating functional derangement of emigrated cells compared to peripheral blood neutrophils. Simplicity and good reproducibility should make this method a valuable tool in the study of leucocyte migration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Endocarditis caused by Pasteurella multocida.

A 51-year-old previously healthy man developed endocarditis with low grade fever, aortic insufficiently and multiple arterial emboli. An atypical strain of Pasteurella multocida was isolated from each of 3 consecutive blood cultures. Protracted treatment with high doses of penicillin G was necessary to eradicate the infection. Following resection of the damaged aortic valves and implantation of a valve prosthesis, the patient recovered. P. multocida should be regarded as one of the possible causes of subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Aortic Valve↗