Biomedical subjects

C Q Li

Publications and source records attributed to C Q Li.

57 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the impact of dissemination of smoking cessation methods on the low birthweight rate and on health care costs: achieving year 2000 objectives for the nation.

Nationwide dissemination of efficacious and cost-effective smoking cessation methods during the 1990s represents an important part of the solution to reducing the low birthweight (LBW) rate and associated health care costs. A minimum of 250,000 LBW births must be prevented during the 1990s to achieve the year 2000 LBW rate objective of 5% of total births. Annually 1,500 to 6,000 LBW births might be prevented between 1991 and 2000, and cumulatively 29,000 to 44,000, by dissemination of tested smoking cessation methods. Twelve to eighteen percent of the objective might be accomplished by dissemination. LBW births attributable to smoking might be reduced from the current 20% to 26% rate to a rate of 9% to 12% if the overall maternal smoking prevalence rate is reduced to 10% as projected in the Year 2000 Objectives. Smoking-attributable health care cost savings from dissemination would range from $22 million to $59 million.

Birth Rate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Total sialic acid as a tumor marker for oral cancer.

Serum sialic acid levels were measured in 80 healthy subjects, in 60 patients with benign tumors and in 110 patients with oral cancer. It was shown that these levels were significantly elevated in oral cancer patients compared to healthy controls and patients with benign tumors (p < 0.01); they were higher in patients with stage III and stage IV disease than in those with stage I and II disease (p < 0.01). However, no difference was observed between healthy controls and stage I and II cancer patients. The results of this study suggest that the determination of sialic acid levels may be of value in the diagnosis of oral cancer, but its usefulness as an adjunct in clinical staging is limited.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The impact on infant birth weight and gestational age of cotinine-validated smoking reduction during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of cotinine-confirmed smoking reduction during pregnancy on infant birth weight and gestational age at birth. DESIGN: Group analyses from a prospective, randomized smoking-cessation intervention trial using cotinine levels to assess smoking cessation and reduction. SETTING: Four maternity clinics of Jefferson County Health Department in Birmingham, Ala. PATIENTS: A total of 803 pregnant smokers and 474 never smokers with a fetal gestational age of 32 weeks or less at the first prenatal visit to a clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Infant birth weight and gestational age at birth. RESULTS: Infants who were born to women who quit smoking (quitters) had the highest mean birth weight (3371 +/- 581 g), followed by infants who were born to women who did not change smoking behavior (no changers) (3043 +/- 587 g). The mean infant birth weight of infants born to the quitters, adjusted by mother's age, race, height, weight at baseline, and gestational age at delivery was 241 g heavier than that among the no changers (P = .0008) and 167 g heavier than the reducers (P = .04). The adjusted mean infant birth weight of infants born to the reducers was 92 g heavier than that among the no changers (P = .08). White reducers with baseline cotinine levels greater than 100 ng/mL had infants who were 241 g heavier than did white no changers. A 220-g difference was also seen in black reducers with a baseline cotinine level of 100 ng/mL or less. Although smoking cessation increased infant gestational age at delivery by 1 week, smoking reduction had little effect. CONCLUSION: Cotinine-validated smoking reduction rates were positively associated with an increase in infant birth weight. While smoking cessation must continue to be the primary objective for pregnant smokers, specific intervention methods should also be directed toward smoking reduction for women who cannot quit.

Biomarkers↗