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Biomedical subjects

C Raschka

Publications and source records attributed to C Raschka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Bioequivalence of two oral immediate release formulations of pindolol in healthy volunteers assessed by ratio analysis.

The objective of this study was to test bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence of two oral formulations of pindolol (ViskenR = Vs = Ref.; Nonspi 5R = Np = Test). Twenty one healthy volunteers (11 females; 10 males; aged 18-55 years) participated in the single-dose (10 mg), single-blind, randomised crossover study. Blood samples were taken up to 24 hs after intake and pindolol in serum was determined using HPLC. Key criteria for ratio analysis to assess bioequivalence were log-transformed AUC (0, last) and Cmax. Blood pressure and heart rate vs. time data were subjected to ANOVA according to Friedman. Vital signs did not show significant differences. Ratios of log-transformed data and 90%-confidence intervals were within the predefined limits of 0.8 to 1.25 or 0.7 and 1.43, respectively. We conclude that both formulations of pindolol are equivalent with regard to extent and rate of absorption as well as pharmacodynamic effect.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1999

[Organ pathology causing sudden death in athletes. International study of autopsies (Germany, Austria, Switzerland)].

BACKGROUND: Accordance of all studies concerning the distribution of causes of cardiovascular sports deaths can only be registered in the dominating role of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction among athletes > 35 years. In North America a predominance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy among younger sportsmen (< or = 35 years) is described. This study investigates the conditions in the German speaking countries in central Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present prospective and retrospective 1.5-year (July 1996 to December 1997) study is based on post-mortem examinations of 28 institutes of pathology and forensic medicine in Germany, Austria and German speaking Switzerland. RESULTS: Twelve out of 113 cases (10.6%) were females, their age being significantly lower (27.8 years, sd = 15.2) than the age of the males (37.5 years, sd = 16.5). Eighty sports deaths (70.8%) were caused by cardiovascular reasons, 33 sports deaths (29.2%) were traumatic in origin. The main cause of cardiovascular deaths of the older athletes (> 35 years) was the coronary heart disease (84.1%). The main reasons for cardiovascular deaths of younger athletes (< or = 35 years) were the coronary heart disease (36.1%) and myocarditis (30.6%). A case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was not registered. Most of sports deaths happened in soccer (28), jogging (15), walking (8), cycling (7) and skiing (7). Most of traumatic sports deaths were registered in aerial sports. Four ball players (soccer n = 3, handball n = 1) and 1 motor cyclist suffered from a thrombosis after an orthopedic injury and died due to a consecutive pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of cardiovascular sports deaths displays astonishing regional differences. In contrast to North America anatomical-pathological studies of German speaking countries do not show any dominance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy among younger athletes, although the pathologists in recent investigations knew the results of Maron. Possible explanations for this phenomenon might be varying selections of patients (top-performance athletes and hobby sportsmen) or a different genetical background.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Sudden cardiovascular death during sexual intercourse--results of a legal medicine autopsy study].

This epidemiologic, retrospective follow-up mortality study is based on the data gathered in the department of forensic medicine at the University Hospital of Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt/Main. Over a period of 21 years (1972-1992), roughly 21,000 forensic autopsies revealed 39 cases (0.19%) of natural deaths occurring during sexual activity. Except for two women, all of these cases were men of an average age of 61.3 years. The most frequent cause of death was myocardial infarction (n = 21/53.8%), three of these cases involving pericardial tamponade accompanied by myomalacia. The medical history of twelve of the deceased showed a previous myocardial infarction. Most of the deaths took place during or after sexual intercourse or manual stimulation. In most cases sudden death occurred during the sexual act with a prostitute. The annual incidence of sudden cardiovascular deaths during sexual activity is estimated to be 0.2/100,000 men. The risk for women is lower by a factor of 12.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Papillary muscle rupture during stress ECG after myocardial infarct].

The case of a 57 year old patient is reported, who suffered from an acute myocardial infarction with maximum CK and CKMB values of 821 and 84 U/l, respectively. The patient underwent bicycle exercise testing 9 days after a myocardial infarction in 25 W steps every 2 min starting with 50 W. The ergometry was interrupted at 125 W because of ST segment depression of 0.28 mV in V6. Systolic blood pressure dropped to 55 mm Hg, combined with severe angina and shock. Volume substitution and catecholamines did not elevate blood pressure. Immediate M-mode and Doppler echo revealed a "stiletto"-shaped mitral regurgitation profile typical of acute mitral valve insufficiency. The transesophageal echocardiogram showed a distinct mass moving between the left ventricle and left atrium, diagnostic of papillary muscle rupture. Despite of shock, mitral valve replacement was performed successfully. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a papillary muscle rupture during exercise testing after myocardial infarction. Papillary muscle rupture can be induced by exercise. This fateful event may not be predicted by the course of the ergometry. In case of hypotension during exercise, papillary muscle rupture should be considered. The diagnosis is to be established by transesophageal echocardiography.

Echocardiography, Doppler↗
PubMed1999

[15 years insurance statistics of incidents and accident types of combat sports injuries of the Rhineland-Pfalz Federal Sports Club].

The primary intention of this study is the grouping of sports accidents, being described by the athletes in their own words in a classification system of specific accident classes with regard to specific motions and topography. The investigation is based on the data of the sports insurance Gerling-Konzern during a 15-year period in Rhineland Palatinate (1981-1995). The study is based on the insurance documents and clinical protocols if available. 137 accident protocols were related to this 15-year period including weight lifting (n = 1) and martial arts (n = 136). Listed in hierarchical order we received the following results: judo (n = 47), karate (n = 44), wrestling (n = 22), taekwondo (n = 9), boxing (n = 7), ju-jutsu (n = 5), fencing (n = 1) and aikido (n = 1). In accordance to accident types there were no sex related differences. As special preventive measures we suggest the use of protective mouthguards and solid glasses, proprioceptive training and physiological taping for knee, ankle and elbow joints.

Accidents↗
PubMed1999

The influence of the mode of emergency ambulance transportation on the emergency patient's outcome.

Emergency transport by an ambulance can cause considerable psychical and physical stress for patients. We determined the haemodynamic and endocrinological values of 54 healthy volunteers subjected to one high speed emergency transport and one smooth transport. There were significant differences in all measurements: heart rate (p < or = 0.001), blood pressure, cortisol (p < or = 0.01), prolactin, somatotropine and ACTH between the two modes of transportation. We hypothesize that the additional stress of high speed ambulance transport particularly in patients with acute cardiac disease may result in additional morbidity.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1999

Longterm treatment of psoriasis using fumaric acid preparations can be associated with severe proximal tubular damage.

Fumaric acid preparations are used as longterm and effective treatment of psoriasis. Apart from gastrointestinal, dermatological and hematological side-effects, transient renal damage was observed during treatment with fumaric acid. The case of a 38 year old woman who was treated with fumaric acid (420 mg bid) for 5 years before she complained of fatigue and weakness. According to clinical laboratory she had developed severe proximal tubular damage. Hypophosphatemia, glycosuria and proteinuria persisted although medication was stopped immediately.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Diurnal variation of ECG intervals and R or T amplitudes in healthy male subjects assessed by means of spectral and cosinor analysis.

Twelve lead standard ECGs 35 healthy male volunteers, recorded from 08.00 H up to 01.00 H, were analysed retrospectively in order to investigate primarily the diurnal changes in vital sign measurements, ECG interval durations (PQ, QRS, QTc) and R wave as well as T wave amplitudes. Data were analysed descriptively and by means of ANOVA, spectral analysis and cosinor models. ANOVA revealed significant variations for vital sign parameters and the QTc interval, although remarkable variation in all ECG parameters was observed. T wave amplitudes in particular showed marked alterations, with changes up to 40%. Transient maxima of median T wave amplitudes and QTc interval duration were found at 12.00 H and 14.00 H, respectively. R wave amplitudes and PQ duration revealed lower values in the afternoon. Although there was remarkable interindividual variability, ultradian rhythmic activity of ECG parameters was confirmed by spectral analysis and cosinor models based on population data.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Is there seasonal periodicity in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori?

The objective of the present study was to evaluate seasonal periodicity in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. A prospective study was performed on 1076 consecutive patients who were investigated in our hospital over a 3-year span because of epigastric complaints. Our findings indicate a significant accumulation of positive Helicobacter pylori tests in October. Gastric acidity, gender, and age did not influence Helicobacter pylori infection significantly. There was no significant correlation between potential seasonal influence on the diagnosis of ulcer disease and the seasonal fluctuation of Helicobacter pylori infection. The seasonality was confirmed by cosinor analysis for the absolute frequencies of H. pylori infections and also for the number of cases positive for H. pylori per number of presenting patients per month. A seasonal concept of a sensitivity threshold for positive Helicobacter pylori testing is introduced, taking into account such factors as immune system, nutrition, and medication status.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Sudden sports deaths in the armed forces of Germany].

All Soldiers are obliged to participate in sports educational programs of the services, with the exception of severe restrictions due to individual health problems. During sports activities from 1/1989 to 12/1995 7 soldiers died, 3 (i.e. 43%) during soccer games. Based on a troops strength of 370,000 men, we found a yearly incidence of 0.27 sports deaths/100,000 soldiers. This result correlates with the incidence of sports deaths of club athletes in the greatest European sports death study.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1998

Spectral analysis of electroencephalography changes after choking in judo (juji-jime).

PURPOSE: The present study was carried out to investigate possible electroencephalographic changes induced by choking in judo (shime-waza) by means of spectral analysis and brain mapping. METHODS: Power spectral changes in Electroencephalography (EEG) were recorded in six experienced judoka who underwent a choking trial with a "shime-waza choking" technique called juji-jime. RESULTS: A significant increase of global field power in the delta- and theta-range occurred, while physiological alpha-power decreased. These changes in the low-frequency range reached a statistically significant level within a time span up to 20 s after choking, which was performed at an average choking time of 8 s. In no case did choking provoke neuropsychological symptoms. Yet, spectral EEG-analysis revealed subclinical changes of brain function. CONCLUSIONS: Choking in judo may induce subclinical electroencephalographic perturbations. The extent and duration can be objectified by means of spectral analysis of EEG data, global field power computation, and brain-mapping representation.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1996

[Emergency service utilization and athletic injuries--data collection from the Fulda district].

Throughout the period of one year all sports accidents, which implied the need of medical services (n = 59), in the district of Fulda with 195,000 inhabitants were analysed. The bulk of the accidents took place during soccer matches (37.3%). The share of women was 25.4%. A repeated trauma was registered in 69.5% of the cases. 16% of the casualties received outpatient treatment. The ambulance was already at the site of the accident in 35.6% of the cases. The greater part of the accidents happened in the afternoon (57.6%). The accident was caused due to another athlete in 44.1% of the accidents. An ambulance with a doctor on board was needed four times, because the injury demanded treatment by an internist. The principle measure of first aid, taken by the ambulance men, was the positioning of the injured limb on a splint (n = 44). The incidence of sports accidents with need for medical service is 30/100,000 inhabitants. The part of sports accidents in relation to all ambulance actions is 2.3% (internal medicine only 0.18% and surgery only 15.3%). The percentage of sports accidents demanding a doctor in relation to all rescues with the need for a doctor is 0.3%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Omeprazole in the treatment of patients with complicated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Suppression of acid secretion with omeprazole is highly effective for the healing of oesophagitis. The aims of the present study were to determine whether recovery of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in patients with stricture improves dysphagia and decreases the dilatation need and to compare the efficacy of omeprazole versus H2-receptor antagonists. Thirty-eight patients with peptic stricture (grade IV oesophagitis) and erosive oesophagitis underwent endoscopic dilatation and were randomized to omeprazole (40 mg daily; n = 20) versus ranitidine (150 mg twice daily; n = 18). Healing was proven endoscopically and patients were interviewed for dysphagia relief. Patients were assessed for relapse by endoscopy 6 months later. The follow-up period was a further 6 months. Patients received maintenance treatment with 40 mg omeprazole daily or ranitidine 150 mg twice daily and the total duration of treatment was 1 year. At 6 months, omeprazole produced a highly significant (P < 0.0001) greater rate of oesophagitis healing and highly significant (P < 0.0001) fewer dilatations compared with H2-receptor antagonists (18 (90%) patients vs five (28%) patients, respectively; 3.5 vs 9.0 dilatations/patient). At 12 months, not one of the 18 successfully treated patients from the omeprazole group had relapsed. The two remaining patients required further dilatation and 40 and 60 mg omeprazole daily for healing. In comparison, all patients on ranitidine had to undergo further bougienage. In conclusion, omeprazole is a safe and effective maintenance treatment for preventing relapse of complicated reflux oesophagitis.

Antacids↗