PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to C Sakai.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[In vitro effect of combined use of BH-AC and nitrosourea derivatives against adriamycin-resistant human leukemia cell line].

Cytocidal effects of combined use of BH-AC and nitrosourea derivatives (MCNU, and ACNU) were evaluated in vitro against adriamycin-resistant human leukemia cell line (K-562/ADR-I). K-562/ADR-I cells were resistant to six kinds of agents (vindesine, mitoxantrone, aclacinomycin, cisplatin, MCNU, and BH-AC) of 14 agents tested and this cell line proved to be a multi-drug resistant line. Combined use of BH-AC and MCNU did not achieve additive effects on K-562, parent cell line and BH-AC and MCNU were less effective to K-562/ADR-I by single use. However, combination of BH-AC and MCNU showed additive effects. These results supported the evidence that combination of BH-AC with MCNU was effective in patients with multi-drug resistant malignant lymphomas.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical application of thymidine kinase activity in patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia].

An improved method for the detection of thymidine kinase (TK) activity with the use of 125I-iododeoxyuridine as the substrate. Radioimmunoassay of prolifigen TK "Daiichi", was used for this assay. Eighty-seven serum samples were collected from 40 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in four institutions. The levels of TK were measured in the time of pretreatment, remission, and recurrence, and the relationship between the levels of TK and either LDH, marrow blasts, or circulating blasts was also examined. The levels of TK were significantly lower in the state of remission than in the pretreatment. However, the level of TK in remission was much elevated in the majority of cases than normal range (less than or equal to 5 units/l). On the contrary, LDH in remission was within normal limits in the majority of cases. The level of TK in the state of relapse was significantly higher than in the remission. The level of TK correlated in some extent with the percentage of marrow blasts (r = 0.508), and the level of TK in more than 5% of marrow blast was most beyond normal range. Correlation coefficient between the percentage of circulating blasts and TK (r = 0.577) was slightly higher than that between the percentage of marrow blasts and TK. Correlation coefficient between the level of TK and the number of marrow blasts was higher than that between LDH and number of marrow blasts. The levels of TK correlated well with serum LDH (r = 0.778), and was more sensitive than LDH. In conclusion, it was suggested that TK could be used as one of an useful and supplemental tumor marker in the follow-up of treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and to monitor the effect of therapy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

Combination chemotherapy with pirarubicin (THP), cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (VEP-THP therapy) in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Twenty-eight patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with a combination of (2''-R)-4'-o-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (pirarubicin, THP), cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (VEP-THP therapy). Eleven (45.8%) of twenty-four evaluable patients achieved complete response (CR). CR rate (52.8%) was higher in the intermediate-grade histology group than in high- or low-grade group. Toxicity was generally acceptable although leukopenia less than 2,000/microliters was observed in 17 (60.7%) of 28 patients. Clinical signs of cardiotoxicity were not observed and alopecia was mild. Therefore, VEP-THP therapy is useful as a first-line chemotherapy in the treatment of NHL, particularly for the patients with intermediate-grade histology. Higher CR rate and longer relapse-free survival can be expected by administering a greater dose of THP or employing a schedule of fractionated low doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Prominent lymphadenopathy and double Ph1 chromosomes as initial and recurrent manifestations of chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis: report of a case and review of the literature].

A 60-year-old woman was admitted because of fatigue. Physical examination revealed prominent peripheral lymphadenopathy, marked tonsillar swelling and hepatosplenomegaly. The leukocyte count was 68,900/microliters with 75% lymphoid blasts and 5% basophils. The karyotype of the blood cells was 46, XX, Ph1/47, XX, Ph1, +Ph1. The diagnosis of CML in blast crisis was made. After chemotherapy using adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP), lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly reduced and lymphoid blasts disappeared from the blood and bone marrow. At that time only single Ph1 (46, XX, Ph1) clone was detected in her bone marrow. Four months later, hematological relapse accompanied by lymphadenopathy occurred and DNA analysis of the blasts showed the rearrangement of bcr gene. The simultaneous chromosomal analyses of the blood, bone marrow and lymph node revealed that almost all cells examined had the karyotype "47, XX, Ph1, + Ph1". In spite of repeated chemotherapy the patient did not improve and died. This case suggests a relationship between lymphadenopathy and double Ph1 chromosomes in CML.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1990

[Transient monocytic skin infiltrate during preleukemic phase of acute myelomonocytic leukemia].

An acute myelomonocytic leukemia presenting transient skin rash during preleukemic phase was described. Following four years of unexplained leukopenia, a generalized exanthema developed and subsequently regressed spontaneously. The skin biopsy and immunohistochemistry revealed monocytic infiltration into the dermis. Twenty-eight months later, the patient became leukemic and died. The skin lesions, however, did not occur after leukemic transformation. Probably transient monocytic skin infiltrate was a symptom of preleukemia, a stem cell neoplasm manifested by functionally abnormal maturation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Red cell hypoplasia following autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with T-CLL: report of a case and review of the literature].

A 78-year-old woman, who had axillary lymphadenopathy but no hepatosplenomegaly, was admitted because of lymphocytosis. The leukocyte count was 18.1 x 10(9)/l with 72% abnormal cells. Neither anemia nor thrombocytopenia was present. Many abnormal cells and erythroblasts were seen in the bone marrow. These abnormal cells had irregular nuclei but no granules in the cytoplasm. The surface markers of these cells were positive for E-rosette, CD 2, CD 3, and Leu 7 but negative for CD 4, CD 8, CD 11 (OKM 1), CD 16 (Leu 11), and HLA-DR. The DNA analysis revealed the rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain genes. Direct Coombs test was positive and red-cell life-span (51Cr) was T 1/2 = 19.5 days. The patient was diagnosed as having T-CLL with mild autoimmune hemolysis and was followed without treatment. Seven months later, the leukemia cells of peripheral blood increased to 62.6 X 10(9)/l and the frank autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed. After prednisolone, vincristine and cyclophosphamide were administered, leukemia cells of blood decreased. Anemia with reticulocytopenia, however, persisted and direct Coombs test became negative. In the bone marrow at that time, many neutrophils and megakaryocytes besides leukemia cells were preserved, but erythroblasts were hardly seen, namely a pattern of red cell hypoplasia was observed. The patient deteriorated rapidly and died 26 months after initial recognition of lymphocytosis. When complement was added, the patient's serum obtained during red cell hypoplasia but not during autoimmune hemolysis inhibited BFU-E and CFU-GM in in vitro colony assays. This case indicates that not only B-CLL but also T-CLL is accompanied by immune hematocytopenia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Twelve patients with recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with an intermediate-dose of cytosine arabinoside (CA) by continuous i.v. infusion in combination with daunorubicin (DNR). Of the 10 patients evaluated, one obtained a complete response (CR) and three partial responses (PR), and an almost complete disappearance of the tumor for three weeks (minor response) was seen in two patients. Severe myelosuppression was a dose-limiting factor. Intermediate-dose CA is effective for recurrent or refractory NHL but it needs to be combined with the proper partner drugs to obtain better therapeutic results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Disabling tinnitus. Association with affective disorder.

Forty consecutive patients with disabling tinnitus were interviewed using a structured psychiatric interview and were asked to complete the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), the Chronic Illness Problem Inventory, and the Revised Ways of Coping Checklist. They were compared to a control group of 14 patients attending the same otolaryngologic clinic with a complaint of hearing loss. The tinnitus patients had a significantly greater lifetime prevalence of major depression (78% vs 21%) than controls and a significantly higher prevalence of current major depression (60% vs 7%). The currently depressed tinnitus patients had significantly higher scores on all subscales of the SCL-90 compared to the nondepressed tinnitus group and to the controls. The number of psychological problems as measured by the Chronic Illness Problem Inventory was significantly greater in the tinnitus group than in controls. This difference in psychosocial disability was due to the high psychologic and social impairment in the depressed tinnitus group, as there were no significant differences in psychosocial problems between the nondepressed tinnitus group and the controls. These results demonstrate that tinnitus disability is strongly associated with major depression and suggest that treatment of the concurrent affective illness may reduce disability due to tinnitus.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1988

Early indicators of male reproductive toxicity.

Longitudinal data were analyzed for seminal characteristics of rhesus monkeys and beagles. The monkeys were exposed to DBCP; the beagles were exposed to acute or chronic whole body gamma irradiation. The semen was analyzed for volume and sperm concentration. Sperm were measured for percent motility, swimming speed, and head dimensions. Abnormalities of the sperm tail were also noted. All treatments resulted in measurable effects on the semen parameters. Sperm production, as evaluated by seminal sperm concentration or total sperm numbers in the ejaculate, was as informative of testicular toxicity as any other parameter or combination of parameters. A consistent finding was that changes in sperm output occurred concomitantly with changes in sperm motility.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chronic tinnitus: association with psychiatric diagnoses.

Twenty-one consecutive patients with severe tinnitus were interviewed using a structured psychiatric interview (the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule) and were asked to complete the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) and the Chronic Illness Problem Inventory. They were compared to a control group of 14 patients attending an otolaryngological clinic with a complaint of hearing loss. The tinnitus patients had a significantly greater lifetime prevalence of major depression (62% vs 21%) than controls and a significantly higher prevalence of current major depression (48% vs 7%). The currently depressed tinnitus patients had significantly higher scores on all subscales of the SCL-90, except the phobia and paranoid subscales, compared to the non-depressed tinnitus group and on all scales compared to the controls. The number of psychosocial problems and thus the resulting disability experienced was significantly greater in the tinnitus group compared to controls and in the currently depressed tinnitus patients when compared to non-depressed tinnitus patients. In view of our results treatment should aim at not only alleviation of tinnitus, but also the frequently co-existing major depression.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1986

Immunoglobulin class switch from IgG to IgA in a patient with smoldering multiple myeloma.

Serum of a 67-year-old male patient with smoldering multiple myeloma was shown to contain two monoclonal immunoglobulins, IgG and IgA. For the initial seven months, monoclonal IgG was predominantly elevated. During the next one year and eight months, however, serum concentration of the monoclonal IgA increased, with a concomitant decrease of IgG. N-terminal amino acid sequences of heavy and light chains separated from monoclonal IgG and IgA were analyzed. Both light chains were lambda-type and showed identical amino acid sequences of variable regions. The heavy chains also had the same N-terminal amino acid sequence between IgG and IgA. These results strongly suggest that two monoclonal proteins, IgG and IgA, in this patient were produced by B lymphocytes within a clone and that class switch from IgG to IgA in immunoglobulin production during B cell differentiation has taken place in the clinical course of this case.

Aged↗