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Biomedical subjects

C Sherman

Publications and source records attributed to C Sherman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of transient osteoporosis of the hip.

The results of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in six patients with transient osteoporosis of the hip were reviewed. Short TR/TE (repetition time/echo time) images demonstrated diffusely decreased signal intensity in the femoral head and intracapsular region of the femoral neck. Increased signal intensity was noted with progressive T2 weighting. Bone biopsies were performed in four patients. Histologic findings were nonspecific and included fat necrosis, marrow edema, increased bone resorption, and reactive bone formation. Repeat MR scans in two patients, performed six and eight months after the initial scans, showed an almost complete return to normal marrow signal. All patients became asymptomatic without bony deformity. In the appropriate clinical setting, MR scanning can aid in the diagnosis of transient osteoporosis as the cause of a painful hip.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

A behavioral comparison of the helping styles of nursing students, psychotherapists, crisis interveners, and untrained individuals.

Helping styles of nursing students were compared with those of subjects in a prior study (17 psychotherapists, 12 crisis interveners, and 15 untrained people). Subjects were 30 junior-year college students in the second part of a two-course sequence in interpersonal relations. The subjects were videotaped in a 3-minute interaction with a simulated client. An experienced psychotherapist who was trained in the use of the Helping Skills Verbal Response System instrument rated each student. The helping behaviors of nursing students were found to resemble those of trained mental health practitioners; their behavior was significantly different from those of untrained individuals, who were highly verbose, directive, and used minimal reflection of affect or content.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Childhood retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of ureteral obstruction in children even when clinical presentation and radiologic findings are typical. In a 12-year-old boy admitted with a 2-week history of flank pain computed tomography showed an enhancing mass obstructing the left ureter. Pathologic examination of the mass and adjacent segment of ureter revealed retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Absence of significant role of bile acids in diarrhea of a heterogeneous group of postcholecystectomy patients.

Twenty-five postcholecystectomy (PC) patients who underwent a diagnostic work-up for persistent diarrhea and six control subjects were studied. Fourteen of the 25 patients were also characterized by conditions other than PC which could play a role in the pathogenesis of the diarrhea. However, none of the patients had evidence of ileal disease or resection. The average follow-up of the patients after the study was approximately 4.4 years. Excretion, composition, and aqueous-phase concentrations of fecal bile acids were analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography. Eleven of the 25 PC patients showed an increased fecal bile acid excretion. In three of the 11 patients, the magnitude of the bile acid loss, which ranged from 2.26 to 3.34 mmol/24 hr, indicated the presence of severe bile acid malabsorption. The fecal bile acid composition showed a significant shift from secondary to primary bile acids. In spite of the presence of marked bile acid malabsorption, the aqueous-phase concentrations of the dihydroxy bile acids, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids, did not, with one exception, reach the secretory level of 1.5 mM. The relatively low aqueous concentrations were the result of low bile acid solubility, due to an acidic fecal pH. Only two of nine patients, one with severe, and the other with equivocal bile acid malabsorption, who were treated with cholestyramine, showed an improvement of the diarrhea. The findings of subsecretory bile acid concentrations in the fecal aqueous phase and of inconsistent therapeutic responses to cholestyramine indicate that, in spite of the presence of bile acid malabsorption, the diarrhea was, with few exceptions, not bile acid-induced. The results of the study also suggest that the diarrhea in many PC patients is multifactorial in origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Thermedics' approach to ventricular support systems.

Temporary and permanent ventricular assist systems, developed by Thermedics, Inc., are described, including rationale, design, operation and surgical applications. Clinical data are presented for pneumatically driven temporary left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). Usefulness of this device rests on the assumption that tissue of a weakened heart can recover if relieved for a time by an LVAD. The surgical implantation of an LVAD is reported in a case where the patient later received a heart transplant. The concept and technology of the subsystems of a permanent ventricular assist system (VAS), now ready for preclinical trials, are discussed. Design of a low-speed, torque-motor driven blood pump is described. Details are presented on transcutaneous energy transmission by means of a transformer, one of whose coils is embedded under the skin. Though less efficient than percutaneous transmission, the method eliminates infection risk. Special types of polyurethanes are analyzed in respect to their biocompatibility. It is concluded that flocking of the polyurethane surface allows the growth of a biological lining which is highly antithrombogenic. Sintered metal powders are found to be most efficient for fabrication of rigid pump components. A lenticular pump design is proposed to solve the problem of pressure differentials in the sealed device. Cardiac endocrine functions are cited in support of using assist devices that leave the heart in place.

Assisted Circulation↗
PubMed1985

Tomographic renal cortical scintigraphy: correlation with intravenous urography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, angiography, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

This study evaluates single-photon renal tomoscintigraphy (SPECT) in the evaluation of renal masses and correlates this modality, where indicated, with computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), angiography (ANGIO) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR). Eight patients with renal cortical lesions detected on intravenous urography (IVP) were evaluated by SPECT and planar nuclear imaging using Tc-99m glucoheptonate (GH). Three of these patients were felt particularly likely to have renal tumors and were additionally evaluated with US, CT, ANGIO and NMR. The five patients with nodules on IVP that were not particularly suggestive of malignancy had functioning, benign, renal tissue accounting for their IVP lesions. Four of five were found by planar-GH nuclear imaging, five/five by SPECT-GH. In addition, SPECT-GH allowed better "confidence" in the normal renal tissue diagnosis in three/five cases. Of the three renal lesions that were highly suggestive of malignancy, two were hypernephromas and one was hypertrophied functioning cortical tissue. All three were correctly identified prospectively on SPECT-GH; however, one hypernephroma was missed on planar-GH. NMR, CT, and ANGIO detected only one of two hypernephromas prospectively (US detected both); all four modalities incorrectly diagnosed the hypertrophied tissue suggestive of malignancy.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

The 'Alice in Wonderland' experience. Ergot alkaloid therapy for prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors.

This discussion was selected from the weekly Grand Rounds in the Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Albuquerque. Taken from a transcription, it has been edited by Drs Charles Sherman, Resident in Medicine, and Maire T. Buckman, Associate Professor of Medicine and Chief, Endocrinology Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Alburquerque.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Energy transmission across intact skin for powering artificial internal organs.

The prototype for a transcutaneous energy transmission system (TETS) meets the engineering goals of high efficiency, limited heating of surrounding tissues due to losses in implanted components, and excellent resistance to misalignment and uncoupling of the coils. Higher efficiencies, reduced thermal generation, and lighter implanted components are the goals of future designs. Improvements will be made based on the findings of a complete in vitro electrical characterization of the present system, varying operating frequency, the number of turns in the 2 coils, and the voltages and currents in the 2 coils. The results of short-term in vivo studies indicate that the temperature rise in tissues surrounding the implanted components is not excessive, that the layer of cutaneous tissue covering the secondary coil is viable and that the thickness of the tissue separating the 2 coils stabilizes after about 2 wks. Definitive statements await the results of in vivo studies lasting longer than 6 mos. Similarly, an evaluation of the effectiveness of butyl as a moisture barrier awaits the results of long-term in vivo, and in vitro immersion test.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Triazine and chloroacetamide herbicides in Sydenham River water and municipal drinking water, Dresden, Ontario, Canada, 1981-1987.

Samples of raw river water from the Sydemham River, Ontario were collected 30 to 50 times per year between 1981 and 1987 along with paired samples of drinking water from the town of Dresden. Atrazine and its metabolite, deethyl atrazine, were found in 89 to 100% of the raw water over the seven year period. Alachlor was found only in 1982, 1984 and 1985 when 2 to 17% of raw waters were contaminated. Cancellation of the registration to use alachlor at the end of 1985 resulted in no residues being found in 1986 and 1987. Cyanazine was found in 3 to 29% (1982-87), metolachlor in 19 to 27% (1984-87) and metribuzin in 2 to 7% (1982-86) of raw river water. Comparison of those residues in raw with those in drinking water revealed that chlorination of river water had no effect in reducing herbicide concentrations. During 1985 the addition of up to 50 mg/L of powdered charcoal to raw water reduced residues to near or below detection limits for s-traizine and chloroacetamide herbicides. However, in 1986, with a reduced rate of 20 mg/L of charcoal herbicide residues were only slightly reduced and in 1987 with only 5 mg/L no reductions occurred.

Acetamides↗