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Biomedical subjects

C Ulrich

Publications and source records attributed to C Ulrich.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

24-hour systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in large-bowel surgery.

In a prospective randomized double-blind trial the effect of a short prophylactic course of a systemically administered antibiotic combination was studied in a series of 53 consecutive patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Bowel preparation was performed conventionally with cathartics and saline enemas or with an elementary diet. Patients of both preparation groups were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. Treated patients received 3 doses of kanamycin 500 mg plus clindamycin 600 mg intramuscularly. Four patients were withdrawn from the study for various reasons, leaving 49 patients for analysis. Wound infections were regarded as slight (grade I) or clinically important (grade II). The frequency of all wound infections (grade I + grade II) was 8% in the treatment group (25 patients) versus 66.7% in the control group (24 patients). The frequency of the grade II wound infections alone was 4.0% versus 54.7%. The difference was significant in both cases (p less than 0.0005).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-binding protein, a biochemical marker of neuroblastoma differentiation.

Mouse neuroblastoma tumors show reduced amounts of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) binding protein. However, the levels of cAMP-binding protein were increased by 2-fold when the tumor cells were established in tissue culture, and these levels were comparable to that found in mouse brain. This binding protein is a free cAMP-binding protein that is not associated with protein kinase. The reduced amounts of free cAMP-binding protein in tumors are not a consequence of a defective gene, but the synthesis of this protein is regulated at the transcriptional and/or translational levels. The free cAMP-binding protein like the neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzymes can be used as a biochemical marker of differentiation, and this protein may play a role in neuronal differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Value of ophthalmodynamography and ophthalmodynamometry in acute cerebrovascular processes].

Methods of examination are briefly described and findings are then reported for cerebral vascular processes. The results have been assessed in comparison with the angiographic picture. The authors conclude that both ophthalmodynamography and ophthalmodynamometry can be used to record haemodynamic changes resulting from stenosing vascular processes in the extra-cranial cerebral vascular area. The two methods are non-operative and involve little stress on the patient during examination so that they may be used for preliminary diagnostic purposes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Degradation of alpha and beta neo-endorphin by rat brain membrane peptidases.

Fractionation of Triton-solubilized rat brain membranes on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose resolves two peptidases which hydrolyze beta-neo-endorphin. One of these peptidases was identified as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme by (a) its sensitivity to inhibition by the specific inhibitors MK422 and captopril, (b) by the identification of reaction products, and (c) by comparison to authentic angiotensin converting enzyme. In contrast, alpha-neo-endorphin hydrolysis by angiotensin converting enzyme could not be detected. The second enzyme active on beta-neo-endorphin was identified as an aminopeptidase. This aminopeptidase is identical to the previously described enkephalin-degrading aminopeptidase. The possible involvement of these enzymes in the metabolism of opioid peptides is discussed.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of acidosis on acute phase protein metabolism in liver cells.

Metabolic acidosis has been shown to act as a causative factor in muscle protein breakdown and negative nitrogen balance, as well as in decreased albumin synthesis. Albumin and other acute phase proteins (APP) are mainly synthesized in the liver following induction by interleukins, hormones and other mediators. Acute phase proteins have been shown to be predictors of cardiovascular mortality in the general population and in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Clinical investigation gives evidence that albumin is reduced by acidosis in ESRD patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of the liver in acidosis, i.e. the influence of acidosis on metabolic activity and secretion of APP by liver cells (HepG2). Cells were cultured in a medium containing different amounts of bicarbonate. Metabolic activity was significantly diminished when the bicarbonate concentration of the extracellular medium was reduced (86.13+/-1.90% (pH 7.0) vs. 99. 53+/-90% (pH 7.4); p<0.01). While cellular release of negative APP was significantly decreased (albumin: 4.6+/-0.41 (pH 7.0) vs. 7.54+/-0.62 (pH 7.4) [ng/microg protein], p<0.001, transferrin: (0. 78+/-0.08 (pH 7.0) vs. 1.07+/-0.07 (pH 7.4) [ng/microg protein], p<0. 05), no significant influence of acidosis (pH 7.0) on the positive APP, alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) (1.69+/-0.25) (pH 7.0) vs. 1.62+/-0.23 (pH 7.4) [ng/microg protein]), could be shown. Our data indicate that acidosis results in inhibition of liver cell metabolic activity and in reduced secretion of the negative acute phase proteins albumin and transferrin. In contrast, secretion of the positive acute phase protein AGP seems to be unchanged at pH 7.0 as compared to pH 7.4. We conclude that negative and positive APP in liver cells (HepG2) appear to be differently regulated by acidosis.

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver cell reactive components in peritoneal dialysis fluids.

Metabolic changes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are an important aspect concerning long-term outcome. Liver plays the main role in regulating metabolism. The effects of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDF) on liver cell function are scarcely investigated. Therefore, we investigated the effects of PDF, different in some components, on liver cell metabolism in vitro. Metabolic activity (MTT), cell integrity (LDH release), proliferation (BrdU incorporation) and synthesis of albumin and transferrin are measured by incubating HepG2 cells for 3 h and 24 h with six different PDFs: (a) lactate-buffered, pH5.5: PDF I (1.5% gluc.); PDF II (4.5% gluc. ); (b) bicarbonate-buffered, pH7.4: PDF III (1.5% gluc.), PDF IV (4. 5% gluc.); (c) amino acid-based solutions, pH 7.4: PDF V (low AA level) and PDF VI (high AA level). Metabolic activity of bicarbonate-treated cells is greatly enhanced in comparison to lactate-buffered PDFs. These findings are confirmed by proliferation data. Synthesis of albumin and transferrin is significantly enhanced by amino acid-based solutions. Our data demonstrate, that lactate-buffered PDF impair liver cells much stronger than bicarbonate-buffered PDF. pH is the parameter which contributes to cytotoxicity and impaired metabolism to a major extent. In contrast to glucose-containing solutions, amino acid-based PDF stimulate protein synthesis in liver cells.

Amino Acids↗