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Biomedical subjects

D Berman

Publications and source records attributed to D Berman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Real time computerization of two-dimensional echocardiography.

A computerized system was developed for real time acquisition, enhanced processing, analysis, and display of cross-sectional images of the left ventricle derived by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE). The new methodology couples a standard medical imaging computer system to the video output of any current 2DE unit, uses a 128 x 128 or 64 x 64 matrix window and stores the real time 30 frames/sec digitized images on a magnetic disk. Computerized beat-to-beat and frame-by-frame processing employs space-time smoothing the automatic detection of endocardial interfaces by standard threshold and second derivative techniques. Multiple views are displayed in real time with 256 levels of gray and color. The methodology was used to analyze and graphically display frame-by-frame changes throughout the cardiac cycle. In addition, regional wall motion and thickness were analyzed in 12 sectors of individual cross-sections using a standardized angular subdivision originating at the center of area and indexed by an external reference point. An algorithm was developed to correct cross-sectional interference definition from the commonly used trailing-to-leading edge to the more valid leading-to-leading outline technique. Computerized analysis of spatial and temporal variations of cardiac contraction were demonstrated in several clinical and experimental applications, including bicycle exercise testing, investigation of acute myocardial infarction, and assessment of interventions. Initial evaluation indicates that the new real time computerized digital acquisition and data analysis represents a major advances toward quantitation of left ventricular function using 2DE.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Intracoronary thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction: experimental background and clinical experience.

Occlusive intracoronary (IC) thrombosis was produced experimentally in dogs by placement of a copper coil. The thrombus was consistently lysed by application of Thrombolysin (streptokinase and plasminogen) at the site of occlusion, 1 to 6 hours after thrombosis. Thrombolysin has no toxic effect on the coronary artery wall or the myocardium. Reperfusion after 30 to 60 minutes of occlusion frequently resulted in ventricular fibrillation, but gradual reperfusion reduced the probability of ventricular fibrillation. Intramyocardial bleeding was noted after reperfusion in areas of advanced necrosis and was shown to be the consequence, rather than the cause, of necrosis. The reperfused myocardium remained hypocontractile, but in contrast to the occlusion period, its mechanical function could be enhanced by inotropic stimulation. After experimental studies confirmed the feasibility and safety of IC thrombolysis, the technique was applied within 3 hours of onset of pain in 29 patients with evolving acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and showing ST elevations without pathologic Q waves. Nitroglycerin (NTG), 0.1 mg, was injected into the occluded coronary artery to rule out spasm; NTG failed to open the occluded artery. A special, very flexible, radiopaque No. 2 French catheter was advanced through the angiography catheter to the site of occlusion. Thrombolysin was infused at a rate of 4000 to 6000 IU/min until patency was achieved, followed by 2000 IU/min for 60 minutes. Lysis of clot was achieved in 27 of 29 patients. The single death (unrelated to the procedure) occurred subsequently in a patient in whom the artery was not reopened. After successful thrombolysis, 12 patients underwent elective coronary bypass surgery because of multiple stenoses. The need for early reperfusion is emphasized for effective IC thrombolysis therapy in evolving AMI.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A method for recovering viruses from sludges.

Primary, activated, and anaerobic mesophilically digested sludges were salted with MgCl2 (divalent cations) or AlCl3 (trivalent cations) and acidified to bind indigenous unadsorbed virions to the sludge solids; the sludges were centrifuged, and the adsorbed virions were eluted from the solids with buffered 10% beef extract. The elution yields with this procedure were superior to those obtained from sludges that had been salted or acidified only. Homogenization of sludges prior to other treatment did not increase the numbers of virions recovered.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1981

Space/time quantitation of thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy.

A comprehensive method is described for quantitation of the spatial distribution of TI-201 in the myocardium and its changes with time. The method, applied here to 51 patients, uses bilinear interpolative background subtraction to compensate for tissue crosstalk, and circumferential profiles to quantitate the relative radionuclide activity in the myocardium as an angular function with origin at the center of the left-ventricular cavity. In addition, washout circumferential profiles are calculated as percent washout from the stress circumferential profiles. Abnormal thallium distribution or washout is identified by automatic computer comparison of each patient's profiles with the corresponding limits of normal profiles, determined from the pooled profiles of 31 normal patients. In these 31, the computer output was normal in all cases. In 20 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease, 19 were determined to be abnormal by this method. This new computerized treatment provides accurate objective assessment of the presence of coronary artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The significance of 1-131 scan dose in patients with thyroid cancer: determination of ablation: concise communication.

Twenty-four patients with differentiated thyroid cancer were studied with diagnostic I-131 neck chest scans after having undergone bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and initial I-131 therapy with either 30- or 100-mCi doses. With an endogenous stimulation protocol, follow-up studies were performed with neck and chest scans using 2 and 10 mCi I-131. A 400% increase in sensitivity was found with a 10-mCi dose relative to a 2-mCi dose. Comparison with therapeutic doses of 30 and 100 mCi resulted in further increases in the detection of residual iodine-avid tissue. We conclude that a 2-mCi or lower dose of I-131 is inadequate in evaluating residual iodine-avid tissue visually in patients with thyroid cancer. The study does not answer the critical question of whether it is necessary to treat a patient presenting a negative 2-mCi but a positive 10-mCi scan. It may be appropriate to define ablation visually as well as clinically, with further studies directed toward determining a treatment rationale in this patient population.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Concentration of poliovirus in water by molecular filtration.

The efficiency of concentrating poliovirus 1 from distilled water samples was determined by using a recirculating-flow molecular filtration system. The most efficient recoveries were achieved against members with a 10,000 nominal molecular weight limit pretreated with flocculated beef extract. This procedure yielded a mean virus recovery of 67%.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1979

False-positive lung imaging: inadvertent injection into a pulmonary artery catheter.

A case of a ventilation-perfusion mismatch seen post-operatively in a patient with chest pain is reported. There was absence of perfusion to the right lung, with relatively normal ventilation. The study was initially interpreted as indicating a high probability of pulmonary embolus. It was then discovered that the injection had been inadvertently made into a Swan-Ganz catheter, with its tip in the left main pulmonary artery. The mismatch was therefore iatrogenic and not related to pulmonary embolus. The false-positive lung imaging which resulted has not been previously reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Validity of fecal coliforms, total coliforms, and fecal streptococci as indicators of viruses in chlorinated primary sewage effluents.

Quantities of combined chlorine that usually destroyed more than 99.999% of the indigenous fecal coliforms, total coliforms, and fecal streptococci in primary sewage effluents destroyed only 85 to 99% of the indigenous viruses present. Viruses were recovered from five of eight chlorinated primary effluents from which fecal coliforms were not recovered by standard most-probable-number procedures. The limited volumes of such chlorinated effluents that can be tested for indicator bacteria with currently available multiple-tube and membrane filter techniques restrict the value of fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and even total coliforms as indicators of viruses in these effluents. Although fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci are useful indicators of viruses in effluents from which these bacteria are recovered, the absence of these bacteria and even total coliforms from disinfected effluents (in standard tests) does not assure that viruses are also absent.

Chlorine↗