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Biomedical subjects

D Dausch

Publications and source records attributed to D Dausch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Comparative study of treatment of the dry eye syndrome due to disturbances of the tear film lipid layer with lipid-containing tear substitutes].

BACKGROUND: A deficiency in the tear film lipid layer is aetiological in about 80 % of the patients suffering from dry eye, which results in excessive evaporation (so-called hyperevaporative dry eye). The treatment with conventional artificial tears did not prove to be successful here. In this study the treatment with two tear substitutes containing lipids were set in contrast with each other. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The randomised, controlled, multicentre cross-over study included 74 patients suffering from dry eye caused by a deficiency of the tear film lipid layer, which were organised into two groups. Group A (n = 38) was treated for the first 6 weeks with a liposomal eye spray (Tears Again), while the patients of the group of B (n = 36) were treated with an eye gel containing triglycerides (Liposic) in the same period. After 6 weeks the crossover was performed. The patients were treated in the following 6 weeks with the product which was not used before. Control examinations by masked examiners took place at the beginning of the study as well as after 6 and 12 weeks, considering the following parameters: eyelid edge-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF), BREAK UP time (BUT), Schimer-I test, measurement of the tear meniscus, investigation of the edges of eyelid and visual acuity. In addition. the subjective feelings of the patients were also determined by means of questionnaires. RESULTS: At the beginning of the study the two groups did not differ significantly with respect to the initial values. After the first treatment period the improvement of the examined parameters LIPCOF, BUT, Schirmer, visual acuity and inflammation of the lid margin in group A (eye spray) proved to be significantly superior in comparison to group B (eye gel). The results of the second treatment period after the crossover were similar and showed an analogous supremacy of the liposomal eye spray. The interviews with the patients revealed that the subjective evaluation concerning efficacy and compatibility of the eye spray turned out to be explicitly more favourable than that concerning the eye gel. 74.6 % of the patients favoured the application as an eye spray onto the closed eyelids over the eye gel into the conjunctival sac. 62.5 % of the patients rated the liposomal eye spray to be better all in all, 12.5 % rated that both preparations are equal and 25 % favoured the eye gel. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with phospholipids liposomes shows statistically significant clinical advantages and proves to be favourably and explicitly superior compared to the conventional standard treatment all in all.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[A new therapy concept for the treatment of dry eye--the usefulness of phospholipid liposomes].

BACKGROUND: Most of the eye drops currently used replace only the aqueous phase of the tear film. But, due to the fact that, with approximately 80 % of the patients with a dry eye, a disturbance of the lipid phase is present, an approach for new treatment methods needed to be found. We examined a new therapy concept with an eye spray containing liposomes for the therapy of the "dry eye" in a long-term study. GOAL: An examination of the effectiveness of a liposome eye spray (TEARS AGAIN, Optima Pharmaceutical GmbH, Germany) in patients with "dry eye" compared with a spray containing a balanced salt solution was carried out. METHODS: Between August 2003 and May 2004 a double-blind study with 382 patients was accomplished. The treatment group (V; n = 191) was compared with the control group (K; n = 191) for a period of 6 months regarding the following examination criteria: eyelid edge parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF), BREAK UP time (BUT), Schirmer I test, best corrected visual acuity, as well as slit lamp findings of the cornea and conjunctiva. Follow-up was after 4 weeks and 6 months. The statistical analysis was performed with the statistical program SPSS v.11.5. RESULTS: The examined parameters such as LIPCOF, BUT and Schirmer were significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group. We found likewise significant improvements of the inflammations of the edge of eyelid with a remarkable decrease of around 89.5 %. Questioning of the patients resulted in, among other things, the belief that the liposome eye spray led altogether to a clear subjective improvement of the symptoms in 72 % of the cases, although an initial burning sensation was mentioned after the application. All patients were of the opinion that application with a spray is more favourably and more pleasant than teardrops. CONCLUSION: The liposome tear substitute shows statistically significant advantages against a balanced salt solution. This new liposome eye spray represents a new, revolutionary and effective procedure in the therapy of the "dry eye". Considering the disturbance of the lipid phase in 80 % of the patients, TEARS AGAIN ought to be a first choice treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for hyperopia.

PURPOSE: To achieve less variation in the refractive outcome of hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) by enlarging the treatment zone to 9.0 mm. SETTING: Marienhospital, Amberg, Germany, and Klinika Ocni A Esteticke Chirurgie, Zlin, Czech Republic. METHODS: This prospective clinical study was based on the results of PRK in 68 hyperopic eyes (62 patients) using an MEL 60 excimer laser. Mean attempted correction was +4.85 diopters (D) +/- 1.45 (SD) (range +2.00 to +8.25 D). Maximum follow-up was 12 months (68 eyes). RESULTS: One year after PRK, 55 eyes (81%) were within 1.00 D and 40 eyes (59%) were within 0.50 D of the intended correction (predictability). Best corrected visual acuity was unchanged or improved in 62 eyes (92%) (safety). Four eyes (6%) lost one line, 1 eye (1%), two lines, and 1 eye (1%), three lines. Sixty-six eyes (97%) had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better (efficacy) and 27 (40%), 20/20 or better. CONCLUSION: Photorefractive keratectomy with a 9.0 mm treatment zone was an efficient and relatively safe procedure for correcting hyperopia of up to 8.25 D. The predictability was good. Great care must be taken to improve the centration of the optical zone.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Photorefractive keratectomy to correct astigmatism with myopia or hyperopia.

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy as a means to flatten the central cornea has generated considerable interest. With this technique radial symmetric ablations can be performed to correct myopic refractive errors and excise superficial corneal pathology. We developed a technique that uses toric ablation to correct astigmatism. A new mask was designed for the MEL 60 Aesculap-Meditec excimer laser. The mask can be rotated regularly over 360 degrees. By varying the angular distances, the surgeon can increase ablation depth in any desired meridian. As a result, both cylindrical and spherical errors can be corrected in one procedure. Seventy-three eyes with either simple, myopic, mixed, or irregular astigmatism were treated. In each category of astigmatism, the surgery reduced the spherical component as well as the overall mean preoperative cylindrical refraction. Our findings suggest that this technique is a safe and effective procedure for correcting different types of astigmatism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy with tapered transition zone for high myopia. A preliminary report of six cases.

To improve the stability of refraction after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct myopia, we developed a new ablation profile with a 1.5 mm wide tapered transition zone bordering the refractive zone. The treated area's total diameter was 7 mm, the diameter of the refractive zone, 4 mm. The effect of the tapered transition zone on refraction stability was investigated in a 12-month follow-up study of six eyes of six patients. All eyes were partially sighted, with corresponding fundus changes and myopia of between -12.0 diopters (D) and -24.0 D. The therapeutic goal was to reduce myopia by 10.0 D to 13.0 D. All patients were treated unilaterally. The change in refraction in five eyes 12 months after surgery was < or = 1.0 D as compared with the first month postoperatively. In one case the change after 12 months was 2.75 D. There was less regression after PRK with the transition zone than with a conventional ablation profile (i.e., stability was improved). However, epithelial healing took longer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Photoablative, refractive keratectomy in treatment of myopia. A case study of 134 myopic eyes with 6-months follow-up].

A total of 106 myopic eyes and 134 eyes with sight were operated on with photorefractive keratectomy. To perform these operations the two surgeons used an excimer laser made by Aesculap-Meditec, emitting a wavelength of 193 nm. Patients were assigned to one of four groups according to refraction. The majority of patients had moderately high to high myopia, i.e., over 6 D. All patients could no longer wear spectacles or had developed contact lens intolerance. The follow-up period extended over 6 months. Depending upon the amount of correction desired in myopia, i.e., between -3D and -15 D, we ablated between 30 and 130 microns of the central corneal stroma after abrading the epithelium. The optical zone had a diameter of 5 mm. Three months after the operation a reduction of myopia by 10.6 D had been achieved in the group with moderately high myopia (10-20 D). In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively. The results in the group with myopia between 6 to 10 D were similar attaining a refraction of -1 and +1 D. Regression of 2 to 5 D occurred in all patients during the follow-up period of 6 months, depending on the degree of correction. We noted a slight subepithelial reticular haze in all eyes. In 98% of the cases the haze was clinically irrelevant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of corneal and scleral diseases with the excimer laser. A preliminary report of experiences].

The excimer laser has a wavelength of 193 nm and has been used mainly to achieve refractive changes in the cornea. We treated certain corneal and scleral diseases with this laser: a malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva involving superficial scleral and limbal layers (1 eye), primary pterygia (19 eyes), recurrent erosion (45 eyes), persistent epithelial defect after keratoplasty (1 eye), and herpetic keratitis (6 eyes). The disease, treatment procedure, and its success rate are described in selected cases.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1987

[Guanethidine/dipivefrin and pilocarpine in the treatment of increased intraocular pressure].

Thirty patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma were tested to see if, and to what extent, guanethidine/dipivefrin and pilocarpine produced a supplementary reduction in intraocular pressure. An equally marked additional lowering of pressure was achieved when patients who had been given guanethidine/dipivefrin over an extended period of time were additionally treated with one dose of pilocarpine 2%. The reduction in intraocular pressure was much more pronounced in patients who had been treated with pilocarpine 2% alone over an extended period of time, followed by a single dose of guanethidine/dipivefrin, than in those who had been treated first with guanethidine/dipivefrin and subsequently with pilocarpine.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1984

[Is pindolol suitable for the therapy of glaucoma? Evaluation of the dose-effect of various concentrations of pindolol eyedrops].

Various concentrations of Pindolol eye drops (0.17%, 0.35%, 0.5%, 0.72%, 1.0%), a beta-blocking agent with an intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, were investigated with regard to their pressure-lowering effect in open-angle glaucoma. It was found that all of these concentrations reduce intraocular pressure, but that only the 1% solution has a significantly stronger effect after 24 hours. It is therefore preferable to use this relatively high concentration, especially as it is not accompanied by a bronchopulmonary risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Stress on the eyeball caused by mechanical vibration. Studies of patient transport and experimental models].

The acceleration forces which occur in the eye and in the head region in transport of patients were investigated. It was to be established whether the finding often deteriorates appreciably in perforating eye injuries between the accident site and the ophthalmological operating theater. The investigation showed that smaller acceleration forces become active in the eye in the sitting position than in the lying position in patient transport. In transport in the hospital area, e.g., in the patient lift and on a stretcher, the maximum acceleration amplitudes which occur are greater than those occurring in the ambulance.--In the second part of the study, the region of the eyeball most sensitive to oscillation was determined experimentally in cadaver eyes in order to permit an evaluation of the acceleration parameters relevant in patient transport. It was shown that the eye is largely insensitive to the accelerations occurring in patient transport. It was shown that the eye is largely insensitive to the accelerations occurring in patient transport. Furthermore, it was shown that a vitreous prolapse cannot occur for this reason in an experimentally induced sclera injury.--Therefore, deteriorations in the condition of the bulb occurring in patient transport are due to movements of the eyelid and eyeball.

Eye Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Noncontact detection of ocular melanoma with L-3-123I-iodo-alpha-methyltyrosine: first clinical results.

The results of the first clinical trial are presented of the newly designed tumor-seeking radiopharmaceutical L-3-123I-iodo-alpha-methyltyrosine (IMT) for noncontact detection of malignant eye melanoma by means of a nuclear medicine technique. Eye scintigraphy (ES) was performed on ten outpatients clinically suspected of harboring an intraocular melanoma. ES was carried out with a twin pinhole eye collimator attached to a high resolution gamma camera; 7-10 mCi of IMT was given intravenously to each patient 100-150 min prior to the nuclear medicine investigation. Gamma camera eye scintigraphy and the use of IMT offer a useful noninvasive alternative to the radiophosphorus uptake test. Of the ten patients, five were found not to have a melanoma either clinically or by scintigraphy, three had a melanoma by scintigraphy that was confirmed histologically, and two yielded inconclusive results.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Are 0.1% timolol-maleate eyedrops suitable for treating chronic glaucoma? (author's transl)].

On the basis of 47 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma, the administration of 0.1% timolol-maleate eye-drops was investigated in the form of a controlled long-term study over a period of 56 weeks. It was found that in a remarkable proportion of chronic glaucoma cases, this low concentration had an adequate, long-term effect, reducing IOP by 24-27%. The results obtained give sufficient grounds for the assumption that in the initial stages of glaucoma, the 0.1% solution is just as effective as solutions of a higher concentration, provided that a satisfactory degree of responsiveness to timolol-maleate is present from the outset. The local and systemic side-effects are relatively slight and therefore also fewer than with higher concentrations. Since in over 50% of patients with chronic glaucoma, 0.1% timolol-maleate eye-drops reduce IOP adequately over a considerable period of time, the 0.1% solution is to be recommended at all events for the initial treatment of glaucoma patients.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Nuclear medicine demonstration of intraocular tumors using gamma-radiating radionuclides. 1st clinical results].

A non-invasive method of detecting intraocular mass lesions is described which uses 67gallium citrate and 99m-technetium pertechnetate. It was used in 33 cases. In 73.7% of the patients with malignant melanoma of the eye there was a significant increase in the storage of the tracer. There was no difference in the results obtained with 67gallium citrate and 99m-technetium pertechnetate. Small, flat and peripheral tumors may not be detected. In some cases old intraocular hemorrhages may also lead to false-positive results. In contrast to the 32P-test the method described can be used in cases with opaque media. The radiation dose is about one-tenth of that given with the 32P-test.

Adolescent↗