Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Dausch.
83 patients with a benign endocrinous ophthalmopathy were submitted to radio-iodine and thyreostatic therapy and to high voltage therapy of the retrobulbar region. The ophthalmologic controls showed that 30% of the treated patients had improved data and 70% had unchanged data. These results were independent from the individual radiation qualities used and the field sizes.
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A gamma scintillation camera is used for noncontact detection of intraocular mass lesions. A double aperture pinhole collimator was designed for this special application. The collimator projects a magnified image of the radioactivity present in each eye onto the detector crystal of the camera. Details of the collimator design are described. The image-making properties of a double aperture pinhole collimator for ocular scintigraphy in regard to resolution and response were studied and demonstrated by phantom experiments. So far we have studied 50 cases with this new nuclear medicine procedure, using mainly technetium-pertechnetate as the radioindicator. Case histories and records of some typical results are presented. Better designed radiopharmaceuticals with appropriate tumor-seeking properties should be developed. Labeled melanin precursors are promising for detection of these lesions.
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In 44 dachshunds of both sexes, reared and held under identical conditions in order to investigate the effects of the merle gene, ophthalmologic examinations were performed. Eleven extreme dapples with a cutaneous depigmentation beyond 50% (homozygous merle animals, MM) exhibited severe defects in variable forms: Microphthalmia and microcornea, microcoria and corectopia, cataracts and colobomas, rudimentary lenses and ectasia of episcleral vessels. In heterozygous merles with a white percentage of coat color beneath 50% (Mm), lacking tapetum lucidum, depigmented retina, papillary anomaly and ectasia of episcleral vessels were stated, as well as in MM-animals, though not in all. These findings are interpreted as obvious gene dosis effects of the incompletely dominant merle gene which is used to produce a characteric harlequin dappling in many breeds of dogs. With the exception of ectasia of episcleral vessels in a few animals, the homozygous well pigmented controls (mm) displayed none of the anomalies mentioned. The meaning of these results for comparactive medicine and animal protection is discussed.
Report concerning a high-speed drill system powered by compressed air (Air Drill 100) which considerably facilitates the trepanation of a bone window during Toti's operation in conjunction with a combined drill-miller. This instrument provides considerable advantages over traditional electrically operated instruments.
The cut surface of corneal stroma from rabbits was studied with a scanning-electron microscope and compared after using a manual trephine, a motor-driven rotor trephine and a rotor trephine with mechanical guidance. It became evident that the cut surface obtained with the motor-driven trephine is clearly smoother than that obtained with manual trephine. A further improvement in the quality of the cut is evident with a mechanically guided trephine.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A report is given on the use of an automatic rinsing machine for the cleaning of surgical eye instruments combining the processes of disinfection, cleaning and drying in one operation and thus providing good protection against corrosion and optimal protective treatment of the cutting blades. To allow use in ophthalmology, a special insert was constructed.
In 18 polytraumatized patients injuried by an accident, the intraocular pressure was measured and the aqueous humour production and regulatory capacity were determined by means of the perilimbal suction cup with simultaneous recording of haemodynamic parameters. The measurements were carried out 1. in the immediate acute stage, 2. in the period of circulatory recovery, and 3. under stable circulatory conditions. It became evident that the production of aqueous humour was suspended in the acute stage. With improving stabilization of the circulatory system, the aqueous humour minute volume and the regulatory capacity of the eye were raised. The cause of the reduction of both these parameters in the acute stage of a polytrauma has to be seen in an affection of the intraocular vascular nervous system in dependence of the general shock situation.
Experiments in animals and the employment of the contrast medium in a number of patients showed, that Dimer-X is well tolerated. No negative side effects were observed during the study. Employing only a little quantity of the medium, diluted with distilled water in the ratio of 1:3 or 1:4, good contrast representations are obtainable in the tissue of the orbits. It is completely absorbed within a relatively short period.
After reviewing the syndrome of histiocytosis X, the special problems of an attack on the eye are discussed with regard to clinical, histological and radiological findings. By means of two cases, all aspects important for the diagnosis and treatment of histiocytosis X are discussed with reference to the literature. A histologically verified histiocytosis X in the area of the orbita is described in an almost 2 year old girl and another girl aged 7 years and 3 months. In both cases, the disease began with an edema of the upper eyelid and swelling of the lateral orbital margin. The second case showed in addition the clinical symptoms of a dacryoadenitis. The X-ray pictures of the skull revealed a large triangular osseous lesion in the area of the orbital margins. Blood chemistry, hematological tests and the bonemarrow puncture did not yield any pathological findings. The diagnosis of histiozytosis X could be made only by a biopsy from the tumor area. The swelling in the area of the eyelids and the lateral orbital margin disappeared under cytostatic therapy with Vincristin and Prednison.
A modified technique of epilation by electrolysis is reported. Epilation is hereby performed under the operating microscope. Contrary to the original method, with this technique the eyelash is firstly removed and then the hair canal is sounded with a fine wire under corresponding magnification. After the circuit is closed, white foam is formed and subsequently the hair papilla and the hair follicle are destroyed. The technique has several advantages compared to the original method: 1. It is relatively harmless to tissue. 2. Larger areas of abberant cilia may be epilated in one session as confluent necroses do not occur. 3. The risk of cilia again growing is reduced as the hair follicle and hair papilla are destroyed with high certainty.