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Biomedical subjects

D Dausch

Publications and source records attributed to D Dausch.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Mechanical guide of the rotor trepan in keratoplasty (author's transl)].

A new system of trepanation based on a firm mechanical guide of the rotor trepan is described. Apart from the well-known advantages of the electrically driven trepan, further considerable improvements are evident. As here the rotor instrument is guided mechanically, the risky and important phase of corneal incision in keratoplasty is considerably less dangerous. With this instrument, the incision becomes much safer, the centring of the trepan becomes easier and an unintentional injury of iris and lens may be considerably avoided.

Cornea↗
PubMed1975

[Tonography test according to Leydhecker. Clinical comparison by tonography according to Grant (author's transl)].

In our 1st series of examinations the Grant's 4-minutes-tonography, combined with waterdrinking (Becker), was compared with Leydhecker's modification of 7-minutes-tonography. Out of 60 healthy eyes were 13,3% false-positive with the 4-minutes-tonography, combined with waterdrinking, however with the 7-minutes-tonography none of these were glaucoma-suspicious. For 92 glaucoma-suspicious eyes, which were tested with both methods, the 7-minutes-tonography proved to be much more valuable. Leydhecker's value P3/CL3-7 offers 38,4% positive results at a starting pressure of 18-22 mm Hg, and 51,1% positive results at a starting pressure of 20-24 mmHg. Grant's 4-minutes-tonography, combined with waterdrinking (Becker), may show suspicious values at pressures of 18-22 mm Hg, however is not able to register with certainty existing pathological findings. In 2nd series of examinations 54 eyes with proven glaucoma chronicum simplex were tested with the 7-minutes-tonography. It showed a reliability of 83%.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical experiences with radionuclide dacryocystography (author's transl)].

In 105 patients, the clinical experience with radionuclide dacryocystography is reported, a scintiphotographic demonstration of the efferent lacrimal ducts. After application of 50 muCi of 99m Tc pertechnetate in 10 mul of normal saline into the conjunctival sac, the flow of the radionuclide through the efferent tear ducts is observed. This method is a valuable complement for the diagnosis and localization of dacryostenoses. A differentiation between a relative and an absolute stenosis is not possible with this investigational method alone. The kinetic of the tear flow can be investigated by means of so-called time-activity curves. Our studies show that the flow dynamics depend on the volume of the amount of fluid applied. We believe that statements on the flow dynamics under physiological conditions cannot be made as is indicated by other authors with a volume of 10 microliters. Under application of 50 muCi of pertechnetate, the exposure of radionuclide dacryocystography amounts to 15-25 mR for the lens and is far below the exposure by scull radiography.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topography-controlled excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy.

PURPOSE: To assess whether photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) controlled by videokeratography can successfully treat refractive errors in eyes with corneal irregularities and improve spectacle-corrected visual acuity. METHODS: In a prospective clinical study, PRK was performed in 10 eyes of 10 patients. Reason for surgery was irregular astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty, corneal irregularity after corneal scarring, corneal astigmatism in keratoconus, and decentration after myopic and hyperopic PRK. Excimer ablation was controlled by preoperative videokeratography (Orbscan II, Orbtek) using the MEL-70 system from Aesculap Meditec. Follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: Concerning manifest refraction, the sphere was reduced on average from +1.92 to +0.57 D, 6 months postoperatively. Cylinder changed from -1.95 D on average to -0.30 D at 6 months postoperatively. There was improvement of uncorrected visual acuity of 2 or more lines in 5 eyes and no change in 5 eyes 6 months postoperatively. Spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved in 2 eyes by 2 to 3 lines, in 9 eyes by 1 to 3 lines, and showed no change in 1 eye. CONCLUSION: Videokeratography-controlled PRK improved refractive errors in irregular corneas with improvement of spectacle-corrected visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phototherapeutic keratectomy in recurrent corneal epithelial erosion.

BACKGROUND: Excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy has generated considerable interest in treating superficial corneal and scleral pathology. The excimer laser is also used to treat recurrent corneal epithelial erosions. METHODS: With the MEL 50 Aesculap-Meditec 193-nanometer argon-fluoride excimer laser, we treated 74 eyes of 73 individuals, who suffered from posttraumatic, therapy-resistant, recurrent corneal epithelial erosions. We used the excimer laser in spot-mode under manual guidance. Only in those eyes where the erosion was covered with loose bullous epithelium did we remove the epithelium mechanically prior to surgery. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 4 years. RESULTS: Of the 74 eyes, 55 (74.43%) eyes were recurrence-free. One eye developed superficial haze in the treated area. No other complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Phototherapeutic keratectomy in recurrent epithelial erosions is a promising treatment, especially in recalcitrant cases with the erosion over the entrance pupil. Photoablation allows a fast reepithelialization of the affected area and quick relief for painful symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for hyperopia.

BACKGROUND: Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy has generated considerable interest as a technique for correcting myopia. In this study, the excimer laser was used to correct hyperopia. METHODS: A prospective clinical study based on the results of photorefractive keratectomy in 23 consecutive hyperopic eyes (one eye per patient) is presented. The excimer laser used in this study was a MEL 60 (Aesculap-Meditec); this laser emits 193-nanometer laser light. A 1-year follow-up study of two groups of eyes was performed. All patients were followed for 12 months. The first group comprised 15 hyperopic eyes with preoperative refraction between +2.0 and +7.5 diopters (mean spherical equivalent +4.7 +/- 1.6 D). The second group comprised eight aphakic eyes with preoperative refraction between +11.0 and +16.0 D (mean spherical equivalent +13.1 +/- 2.0 D). RESULTS: In group 1, 12 eyes (80%) were within +/- 1.0 D of the intended correction (baseline, +2.0 to +7.5 D) after 1 year. In group II, only three of the eight aphakic eyes (37%) were within +/- 1.0 D of the intended final refraction (baseline, +11.0 to +16.0 D). The stability of refraction in group I was better than in group II. At 12 months, best corrected visual acuity was unchanged in 14 eyes of group I. One eye had lost two lines. In group II, best corrected visual acuity was unchanged in six eyes after 12 months. In two eyes, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was lower than the preoperative value, because of decentration of the ablation zone. After 1 year, 80% of the eyes in group I and 25% of those in group II had a visual acuity of 20/40 or better. CONCLUSION: Photorefractive keratectomy is an efficient and relatively safe procedure for correcting hyperopia up to +7.5 D. The predictability is good. Results of photorefractive keratectomy to correct highly hyperopic (aphakic) eyes are not as encouraging. Three patients in this study lost one to three lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity due to decentration of the clear zone. Two of the patients belonged to group II. Therefore, we do not recommend photorefractive keratectomy in highly hyperopic eyes, especially if they are aphakic, because even slight decentration may lead to loss of best corrected visual acuity. As in other refractive surgical procedures, great care must be taken to improve the centration of the clear zone.

Adult↗