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D Gardiol

Publications and source records attributed to D Gardiol.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Extensive active tuberculosis at autopsy: retrospective study of a collection of adult autopsies (1961-1985)].

While over the past decades tuberculous morbidity and mortality have steadily declined in Switzerland, tuberculosis has not been eradicated. The present study investigates tuberculosis in an autopsy material. From 1961 to 1985 severe active tuberculosis was seen in 1.9% of autopsies performed; pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 54% and miliary tuberculosis 35.3%. The majority of cases of severe active tuberculosis were seen in the elderly. Clinically undiagnosed cases made up 44% of the cases. A constant decrease in severe active tuberculosis has been seen over the years, but clinically undiagnosed cases are on the increase.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Unusual intestinal talcosis.

A case of intestinal talcosis in a 46-year-old man is reported. At the age of 27, the patient was treated for pulmonary tuberculosis with tablets containing talc (183 g talc per 2,670 g total drug intake) over a period of 28 months. Eighteen years later, the patient was hospitalized for abdominal pain that remained refractory to antacids; he subsequently underwent a right hemicolectomy. Light-microscopic examination revealed a prominent fibrosis of the intestinal wall in which birefringent particles were demonstrated by polarized light. Using energy-dispersive spectroscopy, an analysis of these particles showed that they were predominantly composed of silicon and magnesium as well as small amounts of phosphorus, sulphur, calcium, and iron--the spectrum typically associated with talc. We believe that the source of this talc is the tablets ingested by the patient during prior antituberculosis therapy.

Cecum↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistology of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. A study of 43 cases.

Forty-three cases of large cell anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were examined with various antisera. Four histological patterns were identified: spindle cell, giant cell, trabecular and squamous. In 38 cases the epithelial origin was demonstrated with various epithelial markers: 11 cases stained positively for thyroglobulin, 19 for T3 and/or T4, 35 for fat globule membrane antigens, 28 for keratin, 29 for lactoferrin, and one for calcitonin. Five cases were negative for all epithelial markers but could not be characterized further since, except for vimentin, they did not have mesenchymal markers. The immunohistochemical proof of the epithelial nature of anaplastic thyroid tumours is given by staining with anti-keratin and anti-fat globule membrane antigen. In addition the detection of lactoferrin seems useful, but not that of thyroglobulin which was present in only 4% of the spindle cell tumours and in 32-56% of the other histological types. Thirty carcinomas were positive for vimentin; the co-expression of vimentin and epithelial markers seems frequent in thyroid anaplastic carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Gastric dysplasia. A histological follow-up study.

To evaluate the clinical and biological significance of gastric dysplasia, we reviewed the histology of all available specimens of gastric mucosa in 85 patients in whom dysplasia had been previously diagnosed. The initial diagnosis of dysplasia was mild (Dy I) in 23 cases, moderate (Dy II) in 41 cases, and severe (Dy III) in 21 cases. The length of follow-up varied from 3 months to 11 years, with an average of 42 months. The follow-up of cases with Dy I and Dy II suggests that both lesions progress slowly and in most instances will remain stable or regress. In 18 cases, a carcinoma was found--17 in the group of Dy III and one in the group of Dy II. Of the 18 carcinomas, nine were at an early stage. Our data suggest that severe dysplasia is a reliable marker of high risk of gastric cancer and represents a strong indication for a gastrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An autofluorescence method for the diagnosis of early ischaemic myocardial lesions. A systematic study on 732 autopsies, including 182 cases of sudden death.

A systematic study of an autofluorescence method is described to improve the early histological diagnosis of myocardial ischaemia. Our results on 732 autopsy cases including 182 cases of sudden death show that the autofluorescence examination of haematoxylin and eosin stained sections of the myocardium is not only reliable in the identification of recent ischaemic lesions, but contributes to a better histological evaluation. In 24 cases undetected by white light examination it allowed recognition of ischaemic lesions.

Autolysis↗
PubMed1986

Biological tissue markers in benign and malignant disease of the human prostate.

Immunoperoxidase techniques were used to study, the distribution of peanut agglutinin receptors, blood group isoantigens and several epithelial antigens in hyperplasia, adenosis, microcarcinoma and well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Intraluminal and luminal surface PNA receptors were seen in all well differentiated carcinomas, 53% of microcarcinomas and 50% of adenosis, while no such sites could be demonstrated in benign hyperplasia. The expected blood group isoantigen was expressed in 75% of benign hyperplasias. When compared to the hyperplastic epithelium nearby, appropriate ABH expression was seen in 60% of adenosis, 47% of microcarcinomas and 25% of well differentiated carcinomas. A keratin antibody specifically labelling the basal cells in the normal prostate identified a subset of well differentiated carcinomas with preferential staining of the apical cytoplasm while microcarcinomas and adenosis were consistently negative. Our study establishes a highly ordered PNA receptor distribution in prostatic epithelia; it confirms early changes in the expression of ABH isoantigens in epithelial proliferative disorders of the prostate; it identifies a subset of keratin-positive well differentiated carcinomas, possibly of different ontogeny.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1983

Abnormal iodoprotein distribution and resistance to proteolysis in Gunn rat black thyroid. An ultrastructural and biochemical study.

Gunn rats have a marked deficiency in hepatic UDP-glucuronosyl transferase activity which results in hyperthyroxinemia and hyperbilirubinemia. Their thyroids show a brownish-black discoloration associated ultrastructurally with intracellular dense granules and intraluminal dense masses. In order to determine whether colloid composition and colloid proteolysis are altered in the thyroid of the Gunn rat compared with the Wistar rat, we studied the in situ resistance of thyroid proteins to in vitro proteolysis, the pattern of in vivo (125I) labeled thyroid iodoproteins and the proteolysis of isolated iodoprotein fractions in both strains of rats. For the cytochemical study, thin sections of aldehyde-fixed and plastic-embedded thyroid tissue were treated with 0.3 or 1% pronase in aqueous solution. With the low concentration of pronase, the secretory granules in C-cells and the apical vesicles in follicular cells were extensively digested in both strains of rats, whereas the colloid in the follicular lumen and the colloid droplets were only partially digested. With the high concentration of pronase, the colloid in the lumen and the colloid droplets were more markedly digested in both strains. In the presence of both concentrations of pronase, the dense granules and intraluminal dense masses were unchanged in the Gunn rats. The (125I) iodoprotein pattern was investigated 24 h after a single injection of (125I) iodide and by labeling at the isotopic equilibrium. It was found that the (125I) thyroglobulin fraction was reduced, whereas the (125I) 3-8 S fraction was increased in Gunn rats compared to Wistar rats. Pronase hydrolysis of the soluble (125I) iodine fraction showed similar pronase-resistant fractions in both strains with the single labeling procedure. At the isotopic equilibrium, the pronase resistant fraction was significantly increased in Gunn rats (Gunn 24.0 +/- 5.3%; Wistar: 13.7 +/- 3.1% of the soluble 125I) and a linear correlation was observed between the (125I) 3-8 S fraction of the soluble extract and the pronase-resistant fraction. These data suggest that iodocompounds of small molecular size and low turnover accumulate in the thyroid of the Gunn rat due to their strong resistance to in vivo hydrolysis. A local accumulation of 3-8 S iodocompounds may occur within the intracellular dense granules and intraluminal dense masses in the thyroid of Gunn rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Use of plasma calcitonin levels in the detection of Sipple syndrome in siblings (clinicopathological conference)].

In a 22-year old man plasma calcitonin was normal in the basal state but elevated to 2.6 ng/ml after stimulation with calcium and pentagastrin. Two other family members had had bilateral pheochromocytoma accompanied by medullary carcinoma of the thyroid in one case and by adenomas of the parathyroid glands in the other. The literature of Sipple's syndrome, the value of calcitonin assay and the grounds for screening in affected families are reviewed. Surgery (total thyroidectomy) confirmed the clinical suspicion of C-cell hyperplasia and medullary microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland. Hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands was also found.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Normal rat liver cytochemistry: search for reactions adapted to the study of experimental cholestasis.

Experimentally induced intrahepatic cholestasis is characterized by a profound change in biliary secretion. Although there is general agreement that the biliary pole of the hepatocyte undergoes a singular alteration, it is know to which extent the microfilament network of the pericanalicular ectoplasm, the actual hepatocytic membrane at the biliary pole, and the intracanalicular glycocalix covering the membrane are implicated in this change. In order to establish whether ultrastructural cytochemistry is a suitable approach to a selective analysis of these three constituents, we decided to study the liver of normal rats with three different types of reactions (based on tannic acid, ruthenium hexamine, and digitonin, respectively). Moreover, we used different variants of each reaction and tried to determine which of them produced the most selective results; at the same time we kept in mind that these procedures are to be compatible with certain requirements of biological experimentation, like continuous bile flow measurement. Our findings show that, for a more detailed analysis of each of the above mentioned three cell constituents, these methods may provide more precise information.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The histological patterns of chronic active hepatitis--excluding cirrhosis--and their prognostic significance.

In a retrospective clinico-pathological analysis of 30 cases of chronic active hepatitis, no significant correlation could be demonstrated between any histological feature and the end result of the evolution. The so-called "bridging" lesion, in particular, has no prognostic value. A possible effect of the therapy (cortico-steroids or not) on the final outcome could not be established. There is however a clearcut difference in the rate of development, be it favorable or not, between the slow progress of chronic aggressive hepatitis, and the rapidly changing subacute hepatitis. We therefore feel that such a distinction should be maintained, and question the nomenclature proposed by the International Association for Study of the Liver.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1978

Cholesterol in acute cholestasis induced by taurolithocholic acid. A cytochemical study in transmission and scanning electron microscopy.

Rats were given intravenous injections of a single dose of sodium taurolithocholate, and an almost total cholestasis appeared after 10 minutes and lasted for 3 hours after the injection; then the choleresis began again and 24 hours after the injection, normal values of bile flow were restored. Ultrastructural analysis of the liver during the acute cholestasis and the restoration phase showed, beside usual modifications found in most cases of cholestasis, the "characteristic" alterations of sodium taurolithocholate-induced cholestasis. Cytochemical procedures were used, both in transmission and in scanning electron microscopy, in order to delineate the possible participation of free cholesterol in these cellular modifications. After Williamson's reaction procedure (Williamson JR:J Ultrastruct Res 27:118, 1969), not only were cholesterol-digitonin complexes found in large numbers, both in the hepatocytic cytoplasm and in the biliary canaliculi, but also their morphologic appearance revealed several new features: dark sticks and dark lamellae, frequently adsorbed on the outer surface of crystalline clear material were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and plugs, obliterating parts of biliary canaliculi, were observed using scanning electron microscopy. These observations seem to indicate that a significant amount of free cholesterol is released into the hepatocyte cytoplasm and into canalicular lumina within a few minutes after the infection of sodium taurolithocholate, probably originating from the hepatocytic membranes, especially from those limiting the canalicular lumen. Such a drastic modification in the chemical constitution of these membranes should coincide with a marked modification of their active and passive transport ability.

Animals↗