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Biomedical subjects

D Herman

Publications and source records attributed to D Herman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Histologic comparison of mammary carcinomas among a population of Southwestern American Indian, Spanish American, and Anglo women.

Primary carcinomas of the breast were studied in age-matched populations of Southwestern American Indian, Spanish American, and Anglo women from an area served by the New Mexico Tumor Registry. Histologic tumor type, nuclear grade, and stromal inflammatory response were compared among these three groups. Indian women presented with less favorable tumor stage at diagnosis. Histologic tumor types were similar with the the exception that lobular carcinoma was less frequent among Indian and Spanish American than among Anglo women. Carcinomas from Indian patients showed less differentiated nuclei than those from the other groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Eosinophilia and respiratory function in the asthmatic subject (author's transl)].

Total eosinophil count (TEC) was done in 13 normal subjects, in 8 subjects before and 90 mn after a "French" breakfast and in 29 asthmatic patients. The geometric mean is higher (p less than 0,001) in asthmatic than in normal subjects : 304 (231-391) versus 144 (101-197). The breakfast does not interfer with the result of the TEC. In asthmatic subjects, a significant inverse correlation appears (r = 0,57, p less than 0,01) between the logarithm of TEC forced expiratory volume in one second and the quotient : vital capacity. This correlation persists whatever may be the subject's age, the duration of the asthma or age at which he first contracted the illness. Asthma appeared after 40 years in 4 of the subjects : their TEC was higher (p less than 0,01) than in subjects who had become asthmatic before the age of forty. The respiratory function was lowered more in these 4 patients than in others who had been ill for the same time (p less than 0,001). The TEC is not related to results of skin testing with usual inhalant allergens (grass pollen, house dust, cat's or dog's dander) or by result of a provocation test (by inhalation of allergen). Eosinophilia and bronchial obstruction are connected by one (or more) factors that may be inhalant allergens in extrinsec asthma and circulating immune complexes in intrinsec asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Carcinoma of the gallbladder in a population of Southwestern American Indians.

The clinical and pathological characteristics of gallbladder carcinoma were studied in a group of 56 Southwestern American Indian patients. This is the third most common malignant tumor among American Indian females in a population served by the New Mexico Tumor Registry accounting for 8.5% of specific cancer diagnoses by site. Carcinoma of the gallbladder is relatively more common within the Indian population than among Spanish Americans or Anglos living in this area. This is true for both sexes. No significant differences in average age at diagnosis, ratio of female to male patients, signs and symptoms, stage at diagnosis or survival were detected in comparison with studies pertaining to gallbladder carcinoma in non-Indian populations. A squamous cell carcinoma component was unusually common however, and carcinoma in situ or atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the mucosa was frequently documented adjacent to invasive carcinoma. Although gall stones were present in tumor containing gallbladders in 93% of cases, elective cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis is probably not a practical means of prevention of this tumor in view of the unusual frequency of cholelithiasis in Indian women. Pharmacological conversion of bile to a non-lithogenic form may deserve consideration as prophylaxis against both cholelithiasis and carcinoma of the gallbladder in this population.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[A study in immunofluorescence of the plasma cells in allergic conjunctivitis, in particular of the cells forming immunoglobulin E (IgE) (author's transl)].

The relatively simple and precise technique of direct immunofluorescence on a tissue section enables the study and enumeration of all types of plasma cells including mastocytes (stained with acridine orange) in normal conjunctiva (5 cases), chronic non-allergic conjunctivitis (5 cases), allergic conjunctivitis of the educt (11 cases) and vernal conjunctivitis (11 cases). There is evidence of elevation of IgE plasma cells in type I allergic conjunctivitis where they are twice as raised as in non-allergic cases in adult forms, and three times more elevated in vernal conjunctivitis. There was no correlation between the number of IgE plasma cells in the tissues and IgE level in sera. Thus in air-borne conjunctival allergies local hypersensitivity seems to be the predominant, even exclusive, feature.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Pseudo-anaphylactic reaction to procaine-penicillin G. 3 cases of Hoigne's syndrome].

On the basis of three cases, the authors review the clinical picture of Hoigne's syndrome, characterised by the development of acute manifestations, essentially psycho-sensorial, immediately following the injection of procaine penicillin G (PPG). The syndrome is due to the passage into the circulation of micro-aggregates of PPG and has no immuno-allergic basis. Subsequent treatment with penicillin is not contraindicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Anaphylactic shock in anesthesia].

The notion of anaphylactic shock under anaesthesia implies sensitization, with a minimum delay of 1 week, on the occasion either of a previous anaesthesia with the responsible product, or with taking a drug with common antigenic determinants. Clinically this is reflected by the rapid and explosive appearance of symptoms which are always comparable: tendency to vascular collapse, respiratory bronchospastic distress, erythematous rash and Quincke's edema, gastrointestinal disorders, etc. These signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock are closely related to the pharmacological actions of substances liberated during the reaction, of reaginic orgin (histamine, S.R.S.A.). It is reproduced by the direct effects of numerous anaesthetics on the liberation of theses very substances without the intermediary of an immunological mechanism. In consequence, the clinical argument alone is not sufficient to assert the true anaphylactic nature of a shock. Consequently, the elements of the history must be strongly borne in mind: notion ofsensitization during a previous anaesthesia, to the responsible product or to a drug which could have a crossed antigenicity with it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Escalation of aggression: experimental studies.

A finding commonly obtained in research using the Buss "aggression machine" is a main effect for trail blocks, indicating an escalation in shock intensity over trails. Theoretical explanations for this effect were tested in a modified verbal operant-conditioning situation. In Experiment 1, subjects could administer any of 10 levels of positive reinforcement to a "learner" for correct verbal responses or any of 10 levels of negative reinforcement to a learner for incorrect responses. Half of the subjects were required to begin with weak, half with strong, reinforcements. Results indicated that, regardless of condition, subjects gave more intense reinforcements as the learning trails progressed. Those who administered negative reinforcements devalued the learner relative to those who administered positive reinforcements. In Experiment 2, a role-playing procedure was used in which subjects administered either positive or negative reinforcements to a learner whose performance either did or did not improve over trials. Again, in all experimental groups, subjects administered increasingly intense reinforcements over trials. The results are interpreted as supporting a disinhibition theory of anti- and prosocial behavior.

Aggression↗