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Biomedical subjects

D I Templer

Publications and source records attributed to D I Templer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Dimensions of suicide: perceptions of lethality, time, and agony.

Two hundred ninety-one lay persons and 10 forensic pathologists rated the lethality, time, and agony for 28 methods of suicide for 4117 cases of completed suicide in Los Angeles County in the period 1988-1991. Whereas pathologists provided consistent ratings, lay persons demonstrated extreme variability and a tendency to inflate ratings of all three dimensions. Significant gender differences emerged, with females rating frequently used suicide methods more similarly to pathologists than the males did. Males who suicided used the most lethal and quickest methods whereas females selected methods varying in lethality, duration, and agony. African Americans were overrepresented in the use of the most lethal and quickest methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Exploration of the neuropsychological spectrum in clients of heterogeneous disabilities.

The concept of the neurological spectrum extending from neurological functioning to academic skills was explored and confirmed with 242 clients seeking social service disability benefits. Correlations within segments of the spectrum were higher than those between adjacent segments which were higher than the correlations between distal segments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Child molestation, rape, and ethnicity.

Of 206 convicted sex offenders in a men's prison a disproportionate number of child molesters were white and a disproportionate number of rapists were black. Of the 758 inmates in general, a disproportionate number of both child molesters and rapists were white (n = 171 vs 35 black men).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Negative emotion as predictor of relapse in persons with schizophrenia living in board and care homes.

Negative emotion exhibited by the board and care providers toward residents, resident behavior, medication dosage, medication noncompliance, and gender were used to predict resident relapse over a 6-month period. Relapse was defined as movement to a higher, more intensive level of care. Eighty-four residents with a diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia disorder, living in board and care homes in the Fresno, California, area participated in the study. Board and care providers were interviewed using Kreisman's Patient Rejection Scale and Gurel's Behavior Rating Scale. Neither patient rejection nor resident behavior was predictive of relapse; however, medication noncompliance did predict relapse with the male residents and lower medication dose predicted relapse with the female residents. Rejection of the patient by the board and care operator was found to correlate .73 and .64 with negative behavior of the male and female residents respectively. Implications of these results for expressed emotion research were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The structure of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale among Egyptian students.

Using a standardized Arabic version of the Templer Death Anxiety Scale with Egyptian students (214 males and 214 females), five factors were extracted which corresponded to those reported for several cultures in Asia, Europe, Africa, and America. Means for the Egyptian students of both sexes were significantly higher than those reported in Arab and western cultures. Egyptian female students scored significantly higher than males. The first two factors were mostly comprised of items relating to cognitive/affective components of death and life experiences. These observations support the universality of structures within death anxiety across culture and gender.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gender life expectancy and alcohol: an international perspective.

This research determined the alcoholism-related and other correlates of the discrepancy between life expectancy in females and males using information for 161 different countries. The variables that correlated most highly with female minus male life expectancy were per capita alcohol consumption, cirrhosis of the liver deaths per capita, and overall life expectancy. Greater gender discrepancy was also found in non-Moslem countries and in countries with greater per capita income and less infant mortality. Public health implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Season of birth in multiple sclerosis.

The monthly distribution of births of people who were later diagnosed with multiple sclerosis differed significantly from that of the general population in Denmark. The multiple sclerosis patients had an excess of births in March, April, May, and June, and fewer in the other months. Infection was suggested as a possible explanation.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1992

Prison norms for Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices.

Prison norms for the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices were developed using 1126 male inmates in a prison in Nevada. 556 of the men were white, 480 black, 55 Mexican, 19 Cuban, 9 Asian, and 7 Native-American. Norms were provided for three age categories--under 35 years, age 36 to 54, and all ages combined. Normative information was presented for white inmates, black inmates, and all ethnicities combined. There was substantial overlap in distribution of scores by black and white inmates.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Exploration of head injury without medical attention.

In surveys of prison inmates and four other populations, 1,055 subjects reported having a history of 489 head injuries, with 31% of these "unattended" by a physician and 60% "undocumented" in that they were not hospitalized. The prison inmates did not have a history of more unattended injuries or undocumented injuries than the other groups of subjects as was predicted. However, the inmates reported more permanent effects from their unattended and undocumented injuries. Also, the inmates had more permanent effects and longer unconsciousness than did the other groups for their attended and documented head injuries.

Accidents↗
PubMed1992

Jewish inmates: an atypical prison group.

12 Jewish inmates scored significantly higher than 1497 non-Jewish inmates on a measure of intelligence, the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. Interview findings indicated that the present Jewish inmates were never very involved in the practice of Judaisn and were not strongly integrated into their local Jewish communities.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1992

Death depression versus death anxiety: exploration of different correlates.

Possible differences between death depression and death anxiety were explored for 182 students, 81 church members, and 41 employees of an air terminal. Both female gender and older age were more highly associated with greater death anxiety than with greater death depression. Living without a significant other was associated with greater death depression than with death anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Borderline, depressive, and schizophrenic discrimination by MMPI.

This study intended to differentiate among borderline personality disorder (BPD), schizophrenic, and depressed patients on the basis of their MMPI profiles. MMPI profiles of 237 psychiatric inpatients were selected on the basis of their primary DSM-III admission diagnoses. Analysis of MMPI mean scores and discriminant function analysis supports previous literature in describing borderline patients as having a broad spectrum of psychopathology typified by an attitude of alienation and rebelliousness, atypical thought content and/or process, and eccentric behavior. Schizophrenic patients are differentiated from BPD patients by the presence of thought disorder and psychotic-like manifestations. The depressed patients did not show the aforementioned extreme characteristics of the other two groups.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Comment on large gender difference on death anxiety in Arab countries.

In the recent interesting and excellent article by Abdel-Khalek (2) the large mean difference between Death Anxiety Scale (6) for males and females in Lebanon was noted. I have also noted such large differences in other studies with subjects in Arab countries (1, 3, 4). These studies and that of Abdel-Khalek (2) provide a total of 12 gender differences in four different countries--Egypt, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Libya. Although these large gender differences would be notable in comparison to those of most studies in the United States or other English-speaking countries, the comparison was made with the differences provided by the two studies that presented norms and norm-like information (5, 8). These two studies contain 12 pairs of means for both sexes. Eight of the 12 Arab difference means were higher than the highest American difference mean (chi 2 = 12.00, p less than .01). The reason(s) for the larger gender differences on death anxiety are not known, but it appears reasonable to suggest that in countries in which there are large sex-role differences that likely include bravery, men would be more expected to report lower death anxiety than women. Cross-cultural and demographic research with the recently developed Death Depression Scale (7) would likely yield interesting findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Variables associated with success in an adolescent drug treatment program.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the variables that predicted success in an adolescent inpatient drug treatment program. The prognosis in 94 adolescent polydrug abusers was determined on the basis of the MMPI, the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory, Wechsler IQ, and historical variables. Favorable outcome was associated with being female, having fewer legal difficulties, fewer neurological risk factors, less pathological MMPI scores, higher Verbal IQ, and lower Performance IQ.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The measurement of death depression.

A 17-item true-false Death Depression Scale with good internal consistency and face validity was constructed and found to have six factors--death despair, death loneliness, death dread, death sadness, death depression, and death finality. It correlated positively with death anxiety, general depression, and general anxiety. Feasibility of a Likert format was explored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Two-week prognosis in problem drinkers.

The predictors of favorable status two weeks after entry into an alcoholism rehabilitation program were measured. Favorable outcome was predicted by lower MMPI Pd Scale, being older, and having been older at time first intoxicated. Implications were discussed for these findings for the shortest prognostic interval apparently reported in the alcoholism literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Alcoholism: abstinence, improvement, and no improvement in general population.

Traditionally, in the field of alcoholism research, abstinence has been considered the sole measure of treatment success and patients found to be drinking at follow-up were automatically considered to be treatment failures. In recent years this dichotomous approach has been criticized in light of studies on post-treatment status that reveal patients to be drinking and functioning at an improved level. Although there has been a convergence of evidence indicating that some treated alcoholics progress toward an improved but not abstinent status, such improvement in drinking status had apparently not previously been investigated in a general population. Such was the purpose of the present study with 529 subjects. Of the persons who reported previous alcoholic drinking level from 49% to 63% reported current subcriterion drinking. It was inferred that these findings combine with the findings from treated alcoholic and other special populations to form a more pervasive perspective of movement from alcoholic to subalcoholic drinking levels. Although the authors see some overlap with the topic of moderate drinking oriented treatment programs, they view specific recommendations as premature.

Adolescent↗