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Biomedical subjects

D I Templer

Publications and source records attributed to D I Templer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The effects of presentation modality, task demand, and content structure on age-related memory differences for prose.

Young and old adults were tested for recall of ideas presented in a 641 word prose passage. Recall protocols were scored for the total number of idea units recalled and the proportions of idea units recalled from three levels of the content structure. Encoding conditions were varied by using auditory and written presentation. Retrieval conditions were varied by using free and cued recall. Recall for total number of idea units was significantly lower for the older participants and for auditory presentation across both age groups. Analysis of the Age x Presentation Modality x Task Demand effects at each level of the content structure yielded differential age-related sensitivity to presentation modalities and task demands at different levels of the text structure. The results were discussed within the context of divided attention and depth of processing effects on age differences in memory for prose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Adolescent female prostitutes.

The characteristics and functioning of adolescent female prostitutes were studied with nonprostitute delinquents and normal female adolescents constituting the control groups. All subjects were administered psychometric instruments and a life-history inventory. The most salient finding was that the adolescents displayed greater psychopathology as assessed by all of the Mini-Mult clinical scales. Other findings include that prostitutes exhibit a more negative attitude toward men and are more likely to have been in a special education class.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Neurobehavioral functioning in children exposed to narcotics in utero.

The neuropsychological and behavioral status of children exposed to narcotics in utero was investigated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, the Bender-Gestalt, the Quick Neurological Screening Test, and the Burks Behavior Rating Scales. The narcotic-exposed children scored significantly lower than control children on Performance and Full-Scale IQs and most of the performance subtests. They scored significantly in the more pathological direction on Hand Skill, Figure Recognition and Reproduction, and Behavioral Irregularities. The narcotic-exposed children were significantly lower on the neurological indicators of the Bender-Gestalt. They scored significantly in the more pathological direction on almost all of the behavioral variables. The children exposed to methadone in utero scored in the more pathological direction than those exposed to heroin so as to raise questions directed toward the societal and ethical implications of methadone treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis. Distribution in Italy.

The present study extended an earlier report of USA states with high levels of schizophrenia also having high levels of multiple sclerosis (MS). A high correlation (r = 0.81) between schizophrenia and MS rates in the districts of Italy was found.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Parameters of sexual contact of boys with women.

The incidence of sexual contact with boys by women was found more prevalent than had been contended in the clinical literature. Male penitentiary inmates reported higher heterosexual contact as children than did college men. The effects upon the boy and his later adult sex life were generally reported as not traumatic, although coercion by the woman tended to be associated with a bad feeling about the experience at the time and a negative effect upon adult sex life. The majority of women were friends, neighbors, baby sitters, and strangers to the boy. Intercourse and genital touching were the predominant forms of sexual activity. Prison women who reported having such contact were significantly higher than the prison women who did not report contact on the Mini-Mult Schizophrenia and Hypomania scales and significantly lower on the Lie scale. Educational levels of the men and their parents were inversely associated with history of sexual contact.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Neuropsychological deficits in active licensed professional boxers.

Young, active, licensed professional boxers (N = 19) were found to display a pattern of neuropsychological deficits consistent with the more severe punch-drunk syndrome of years past. These deficits resulted in significantly lower test performance than that of control athletes (N = 10) matched for race, age, and level of education. Tests that showed significant differences between groups include subtests of the Quick Neurological Screening Test, subtests of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, and the Randt Memory Test. Fifteen of the 19 boxers scored in the impaired range of the Reitan Impairment Index, as compared to 2 of the 10 controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Drug preference as a function of arousal and stimulus screening.

The sedating and arousing central nervous system effects of drugs have long been inferred to be a factor in their illicit use and abuse. The present study provides evidence to support this contention; specifically, preference for a particular drug is, in part, a function of arousal-seeking and stimulus-screening characteristics. In general, the results suggest that individuals who prefer central nervous system stimulants tend to have greater arousal-seeking tendencies and lower external stimulus screening ability than those who prefer central nervous system depressants. Opiate preferrers aligned more closely with stimulant preferrers than alcohol groups. Preferrers of hallucinogens were higher in internal stimulus screening than all other drug preference groups. Trait anxiety does not appear to be related to arousal seeking or to preference for arousing or sedating drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Personality variables and circumstances of sexual assault predictive of a woman's resistance.

The present study investigated degree of resistance to sexual assault as a function of personality variables and circumstances of assault. Death anxiety was the personality variable most predictive of high resistance. The profile of the high-resistant women showed that the absence of a weapon, lower death anxiety, and knowing the assailant accounted for 66% of the variance. It was inferred that the life-threatening aspects of the rape situation are of great importance in determining a potential victim's reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Assessment of body elimination attitude.

Constructed a 26-item Likert format Body Elimination Attitude Scale with good internal consistency and temporal stability (N = 60). Factor analysis yielded seven factors labeled Fecal Smell, Personal Hygiene, Sight, Dirty Hair, Animal Feces, Mucous-like Discharge, and Sound. Both the prominence of items that pertained to defecation and the positive association of the Scale with a measure of obsessive personality-anal character were viewed as consistent with psychoanalytic theory. Correlations with psychometric instruments revealed greater body elimination disgust to be associated with psychopathology. Youth, lesser education, having fewer children, being female, and lesser income also were associated with greater disgust.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The moon and madness: a comprehensive perspective.

Previous research that related lunar phase to abnormal behavior has led to apparently conflicting findings because of different methodology. The present study, based upon both new data and that already in the literature, combined studies that used the same segments of the synodic cycle. Such analysis indicated a disproportionate frequency of abnormal behavior at the time of the new moon, at the time of the full moon, and in the last half of the lunar phase. These findings were regarded as generally congruent with folklore.

Astronomical Phenomena↗