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Biomedical subjects

D J Rowe

Publications and source records attributed to D J Rowe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Normal variations in rate of albumin excretion and albumin to creatinine ratios in overnight and daytime urine collections in non-diabetic children.

Urine albumin excretion measured over consecutive weekends and on repeated first morning collections from normal children showed considerable variation both during the day and from day to day in each subject. The results emphasise the need for repeated measurement of albumin excretion in children to confirm the presence of persistent microalbuminuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effects of a fluorinated bisphosphonate on bone remodeling in vivo.

A new fluorinated bisphosphonate, difluoromethylene bisphosphonate (F2MBP), was studied for its effects on physiologic bone remodeling in the actively growing rat tibia. Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were given daily subcutaneous injections of either saline (control) or 30 mg/kg per day of F2MBP, dichloromethylene bisphosphonate (Cl2MBP), or 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) for 30 days. Microradiographs of the epiphysealmetaphyseal region of tibiae from animals treated with either F2MBP or Cl2MBP demonstrated increased radiodensity but, unlike those treated with HEBP, without an increase in the width of the epiphyseal growth plate. Quantitative analyses of these microradiographs showed that there was an increase of calcified tissue in the metaphyseal region in all diphosphonate groups when compared with controls. However, the HEBP-treated animals exhibited significantly less increase than either F2MBP-treated or Cl2MBP-treated rats. In addition, the total area of calcified tissue in the diaphyseal transverse sections was greater in the F2MBP-treated animals than in controls. Elemental calcium, phosphorus, and fluorine, as detected by the electron probe, also increased in the metaphyseal region of the F2MBP-treated animals, but no significant differences in the calcium: phosphorous ratio were found among the control, F2MBP, and Cl2MBP treatment groups, indicating no alterations in the chemical composition of bone. The greater amount of fluorine in the tibiae of F2MBP-treated animals reflected the presence of the F2MBP molecule. Thus, this study has demonstrated that this new fluorinated bisphosphonate, like Cl2MBP, inhibits physiologic bone remodeling without disturbing mineralization. Furthermore, the presence of fluorine in F2MBP allows the precise localization of the incorporation of the bisphosphonate within the bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of urine prostaglandin E2 as a predictor of acute renal transplant rejection: preliminary findings.

A radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in urine was developed and validated. It was used to provide serial measurements in eight renal transplant patients. Urine PGE2 concentration was increased between 1 and 7 days before any changes in the conventional biochemical indicators of acute rejection, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. The increases in PGE2 concentration varied from 3 to 50 times that of the previous day. These results suggest that measurement of urinary PGE2 may be useful as an early indicator of acute renal transplant rejection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Effect of glycaemic control and duration of disease on overnight albumin excretion in diabetic children.

Urine albumin excretion rates were measured in overnight timed samples from diabetic and non-diabetic schoolchildren. The excretion rates in the diabetics were significantly higher than those in the controls and were positively correlated with age, duration of diabetes, and glycaemic control. Diabetic children aged 12 years and older had significantly higher albumin excretion rates than younger diabetic children matched for duration of disease. Among the non-diabetic controls there was no correlation between albumin excretion rate and age and the girls excreted significantly more albumin than the boys. Measurement of the overnight albumin excretion rate may provide a useful early indicator of the progression to clinical proteinuria in diabetes and is free from random variations such as that due to exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Characterisation of breast cancer infiltrates using monoclonal antibodies to human leucocyte antigens.

Serial frozen sections from eleven patients with malignant breast tumours and five patients with benign disease were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase using a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies to human leucocyte antigens. More infiltrating leucocytes were seen in tumour sections than those of benign conditions. A considerable proportion of the infiltrating cells were T cells, and more of these were of the suppressor/cytotoxic subset than the helper/inducer subset. The T cells were apparently not all activated as indicated by lower levels of staining with anti HLA-DR than anti-leucocyte antibody. Diffuse staining was sometimes seen with HLA-DR and T cell subset antibodies. Tumour cells did not stain or were only very weakly positive with anti HLA-A, B, C.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes in serum ferritin and other 'acute phase' proteins following major surgery.

We have measured ferritin concentrations in healthy women, and ferritin, C-reactive protein, iron and total iron-binding capacity in patients undergoing hysterectomy or major gastrointestinal surgery. Pre-operative serum ferritin concentrations in patients awaiting hysterectomy were significantly lower than those for patients awaiting gastrointestinal surgery and also lower than those for healthy women of similar age. Healthy women aged between 51 and 60 years had significantly higher ferritin levels than women aged 35-50 years. All patients studied showed large increases in serum ferritin and C-reactive protein concentrations after surgery and approximately similar decreases in iron and in total iron-binding capacity.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1983

Reversal by prostaglandin E2 infusion of the effects of indomethacin on the excretion of nitrogenous compounds in the rat.

Rats were treated with Indomethacin (Indo; 2 mg/kg/d) with or without concomitant infusion of prostaglandin (PG)E2 (100 micrograms/d) to investigate the effects of inhibition of PG synthesis and PG replacement on the urinary excretion of total nitrogenous compounds, urea and creatinine and on the plasma concentration of urea and creatinine. The results indicated: (1) Indo significantly reduced the urine excretion of nitrogen, urea and creatinine within 48 hours of drug administration. (2) This effect was reversible on stopping the drug. (3) PGE2 infusion completely reversed the effect on urine creatinine and partly reversed the effects on urinary nitrogen and urea excretion. (4) Plasma urea concentrations were reduced by Indo and remained low during PGE2 infusion whereas plasma creatinine progressively increased during the study. The results support the hypotheses: (1) that Indo reduces the renal excretion of end products of nitrogen metabolism by inhibition of endogenous PG production and (2) that production of urea and therefore protein and amino acid metabolism is altered by Indo treatment in addition to its renal action.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of synthetic muramyl dipeptide on bone metabolism in the fetal rat.

Synthetic N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) stimulated the release of 45Ca from fetal rat long bones in culture for 48 h and also increased the number of osteoclasts per bone and the number of nuclei per osteoclast. It also increased calcium uptake in enriched populations of osteoclasts obtained by sequential collagenase digestions of newborn rat calvaria. This effect was observed after a 120 min incubation with 10(-6) M MDP. Effects of MDP on calcium uptake in osteoblasts were not consistently observed. No effects on cyclic AMP were noted in either osteoclast or osteoblast populations treated with MDP for periods from 1-120 min at 37 degrees C.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗