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Biomedical subjects

D J Shanley

Publications and source records attributed to D J Shanley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Supramalleolar fatigue fractures of the tibia.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to describe fatigue fractures in the supramalleolar area of the tibia. The spectrum of imaging findings in 14 cases is presented, with emphasis on plain film radiographic findings. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Fourteen patients with fatigue fractures in the supramalleolar area of the distal tibia were seen in a 6-year period. The 13 men and 1 woman had an age range from 14 to 64 years (mean 30 years). These patients had no underlying conditions that would predispose them to fractures. Sequential plain film radiographs and other special imaging studies (technetium-99m scans and computed tomography) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Initial plain film radiographs showed a horizontal linear band of increased density in only 2 cases, a subtle cortical bulge in 5 cases, a focal "graying" of the cortex in 2 cases, a single layer periosteal reaction in 1 case, and no abnormality in the final 4 cases. Technetium-99m scans were done in 11 cases and showed focal areas of increased uptake in all 11. These areas of increased uptake were vertically orientated in 10. One patient had computed tomography showing cortical thickening around a linear lucency. The spectrum of imaging findings is similar to that seen in fatigue fractures in more common locations. Supramalleolar fatigue fractures should be suspected in patients who have pain in the distal tibia even when initial plain film radiographs are normal. When initial radiographs are normal, technetium-99m scans can confirm the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Mineralizing microangiopathy: CT and MRI.

Mineralizing microangiopathy, a distinctive histopathologic process involving the microvasculature of the central nervous system (CNS), is usually seen following combined radiation and chemotherapy for the treatment of CNS neoplasms in childhood. CT typically demonstrates calcification within the basal ganglia and subcortical white matter. The areas of calcification may give paradoxically increased signal on T1-weighted MRI due to a surface-relaxation mechanism, and decreased signal on T2-weighted images.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Tuberculosis of the spine: imaging features.

Spinal tuberculosis, the most common form of skeletal involvement, is increasing in prevalence because of the resurgence of tuberculosis during the past decade in patients with AIDS, the spread of tuberculosis among the homeless, and the expanding immigrant population. Spinal infection is usually the result of hematogenous seeding of the vertebral body, and the diagnosis often remains elusive because of the indolent nature of tuberculous infection. As a result, the radiographic findings and the signs and symptoms are typically far advanced when the diagnosis is finally established. Radiographic manifestations of tuberculous spondylitis include intraosseous and paraspinal abscess formation, subligamentous spread of infection, vertebral body destruction and collapse, and extension into the spinal epidural space. Significant instability and deformity of the spine can result, mandating prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent permanent neurologic damage. The purpose of this essay is to illustrate the broad spectrum of imaging findings on plain radiographs, bone scans, CT scans, myelograms, and MR images of patients with spinal tuberculosis. The value of MR imaging in determining the extent of disease is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Recurrent chylothorax associated with sarcoidosis.

Spontaneous chylothorax, an uncommon manifestation of pulmonary disease, has been described in association with infectious and inflammatory conditions involving the chest, thoracic trauma, and thoracic neoplasms. Isolated chylothorax is a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis and is usually associated with the presence of mediastinal and hilar adenopathy causing obstruction of the thoracic duct. We report a case of recurrent spontaneous chylothorax in a patient with parenchymal sarcoidosis without hilar or mediastinal adenopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Testicular microlithiasis: ultra sound appearance.

Testicular microlithiasis is a diffuse, benign condition involving both testicles without architectural distortion. Multiple, bright echoes are present on ultrasound examination which rarely cause shadowing. Many associated conditions have been reported in patients with this entity. As this is a benign entity, knowledge of its appearance and associated conditions to prevent unnecessary surgery is important.

Calculi↗
PubMed1993

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of tuberculous meningitis.

Tuberculous meningitis usually results from hematogenous seeding of the central nervous system from a primary pulmonary source of infection. Initially, the meningitic process can mimic a flu-like syndrome, followed rapidly by the development of profound neurologic deficits. Computed tomography scanning or magnetic resonance imaging of the head often demonstrates a characteristic pattern of basal cistern involvement with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The incidence of tuberculous meningitis in the more developed countries has increased during the past 5 years because of the growing number of cases in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the spread among the homeless, and the expanding immigrant population. The significant morbidity and mortality rates associated with tuberculous meningitis--generally considered to be a disease of the past--emphasize the need for greater clinical awareness, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intracerebral hematoma localization and removal using intraoperative ultrasound.

Intraoperative ultrasound can be used to localize central nervous system lesions such as hematomas, abscesses, aneurysms, and tumors. High-resolution transducers can differentiate between the echogenic pattern of the normal brain parenchyma and the abnormal pattern of the lesion. When removal of the lesion is necessary, ultrasound can provide an accurate means of localization and immediate evaluation of the surgical site. The following case is presented as an example of the growing use of ultrasound in neurosurgery.

Adult↗