Effect of congenital uterine abnormalities on pregnancy.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
D Lolis
Publications and source records attributed to D Lolis.
Total hysterectomy in obstetrical practice.
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Adult↗
Increased nuchal translucency thickness in a fetus at risk for beta-thalassaemia.
In Greece and other Mediterranean countries up to 10% of the population are carriers of beta-thalassaemia and this is the most common indication for chorion villus sampling (CVS): Cytogenetic analysis of the samples is not carried out routinely, but is confined only to women aged 35 years or more. In this report we present a case that illustrates how the measurement of fetal nuchal translucency may be useful in selecting the cases where in addition to the DNA analysis for beta-thalassaemia the samples can be tested for chromosomal defects.
Adult↗
Fetal heart rate following coelocentesis.
For psychological reasons, coelocentesis was performed in 20 women prior to termination of pregnancy, at 6-11 weeks of gestation. The fetal heart rate (FHR) was measured immediately before the procedure and at 1, 5, and 10 min afterward. There was no significant difference between FHR before coelocentesis compared to the values at 1 min (mean = 158, range 114-178; z = -0.629, P = 0.529), 5 min (mean = 160, range 121-179; z = -0.191, P = 0.848), or 10 min (mean 159, range 117-183; z = -0.214, P = 0.83) after the procedure. These findings suggest that coelocentesis does not have a major effect on the fetal cardiovascular system.
Female↗
Birth characteristics of 5,278 pregnancies.
Several characteristics of newborns were investigated in our population from northwestern Greece, for the first time during the last 30 years, providing useful data. The study included 5,278 pregnant women who delivered from 1992-1996, and the following parameters have been studied: (1) age of pregnancy at the parturition, (2) weight of newborn, (3) weight of placenta, (4) age of the pregnant woman, and (5) length of the umbilical cord, all five in relation with parity. Statistically significant relationships were found between: (1) age of the pregnant woman and the parity (but not between paras-2 and paras-3), (2) weight of the newborns between primiparas, paras-3, and paras-4 as also paras-2 and paras-4, (3) length of the umbilical cord between primiparas and paras-3 and paras-4. No significant relationship was found between placenta weight and parity, nor between gestational age at the parturition and parity. The study gives these features for the first time, to our best knowledge, of the birth characteristics of a certain and very homogeneous population of northwestern Greece, and these useful data could be the basis for future studies and comparisons with other populations.
Adolescent↗
Folate status during labor: relationship with pregnancy outcome.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine the folate status of pregnant women at labor, and to detect probable relationships with the gestational age at delivery, the birth weight of the newborns, as well as the mode of the delivery, taking into account any changes in the fetal heart rate (FHR) at labor and, subsequently, operative delivery. METHODS: Maternal serum folate levels were determined using automated fluorometric enzyme-linked assays. Gestational age was determined by ultrasound in the first trimester followed by serial fetal biometry. RESULTS: The results of our study in 101 consecutive pregnant women revealed that the mean (+/-SD) maternal serum concentration of the folate during labor was 12.01 (+/-4.16) ng/ml (range 2.50-23). The mean (+/-SD) gestational age at labor was 38.5 (+/-1.2) weeks (range 35-41 wks) as also the mean (+/-SD) birth weight of the newborns was 3.217 (+/-403) g (range 2,000-4,250 g). CONCLUSIONS: No significant correlation (p>0.05) between folate levels of the maternal serum and gestational age at delivery or birth weight was found. The mode of delivery as a result of probable relationship between operative delivery and maternal serum folate levels was also not found.
Adolescent↗
Routine obstetrical ultrasound at 18-22 weeks: our experience on 7,236 fetuses.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at examining the detection rate of congenital abnormalities by using routine ultrasonography at 18-22 weeks of gestation. METHODS: The sample included 7,236 fetuses. A detailed sonographic examination was performed in each fetus and a neonatal evaluation or pathology examination was made to confirm the prenatal findings. RESULTS: The total prevalence of fetal abnormalities in our sample was 2.24% (162/7,236). There were 29/162 (17.9%) fetuses with CNS abnormalities, 27/162 (16.7%) fetuses with gastrointestinal abnormalities, and 28/162 (17.3%) fetuses with urinary tract abnormalities. There were also 31/162 (19.1%) fetuses with cardiovascular abnormalities, 26/162 (16.0%) with malformation of the limbs and musculoskeletal system, and 21/162 (13%) fetuses with other various abnormalities. The overall sensitivity in detecting fetuses with congenital abnormalities was 80.25% (130/162). The sensitivity per system was 93.1% (27/29) for CNS, 45.2% (14/31) for cardiovascular system, 85.2% (23/27) for gastrointestinal system, 85.7% (24/28) for urinary system, 84.6% (22/26) for musculoskeletal system, and 95.2% (20/21) for the rest of the abnormalities detected. We performed 40 pregnancy terminations in the group of malformed fetuses. Among the fetuses considered as normal, 1.7% had chromosomal abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that routine sonographic examination at 18-22 weeks of gestation can detect the majority of congenital abnormalities. More experience is needed for the examination of the cardiovascular system, where the sensitivity was particularly low (14/31 or 45.2%).
Central Nervous System↗
Placental laterality may be a random event and not the result of inherent uterine artery pathology.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether placental laterality and discordant uterine artery impedance during pregnancy is a random event or the result of uterine artery pathology. METHODS: We identified 50 patients with unilateral placenta and pathologic uterine artery impedance during their current pregnancy and enrolled them in the study. Thirty-three of these patients met the inclusion criteria and returned during the first 10 days of their third normal menstrual cycle after delivery. We examined the pelvic anatomy to rule out any pelvic pathology and then used color and pulsed wave duplex Doppler to identify the uterine artery in the immediate vicinity of the paracervical area at the level of the isthmus. We obtained the uterine artery resistance index (RI) from each uterine artery. We performed statistical analysis by means of t-test. RESULTS: The uterine artery ipsilateral to the placenta exhibited significantly lower impedance than the contralateral in the pregnant state. When the placenta was right, the values (mean +/- SD) were 0.60 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.73 +/- 0.09 for the right and left artery, respectively. When the placenta was left the values were 0.57 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.77 +/- 0.07 for the left and right uterine artery, respectively. In the nonpregnant state, the corresponding values were 0.90 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.90 +/- 0.05 and 0.91 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.90 +/- 0.04, respectively. CONCLUSION: In patients with a unilateral placenta and discordant pathological uterine artery impedance during pregnancy, there is no evidence of discordant impedance between the two uterine arteries in the postpartum period. We speculate that the location of placental implantation may not be the result of preexisting uterine artery discordant impedance.
Arteries↗
Effect of Percoll gradient and swim-up preparation on the chromomycin A3 staining of normal and abnormal semen samples.
The protamination of spermatozoa recovered by Percoll gradient and swim-up was investigated by means of chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining. A total of 34 semen samples from patients undergoing IVF treatment were divided in two groups: normal (A) and oligoasthenozoospermic (B). Samples were divided in fractions, subjected to both techniques of preparation, and stained by CMA3. The percentage of CMA3 positive spermatozoa recovered by Percoll was comparable to swim-up in the normal group. In the abnormal group Percoll resulted in significantly lower CMA3 percentage. It is concluded that the degree of protamination in recovered spermatozoa is influenced by the technique of preparation.
Cell Separation↗
Rapid fetal hemoglobin estimation assay during cordocentesis.
A method for rapid estimation of fetal blood content during cordocentesis is described. This procedure gives an opportunity to determine the contamination of the fetal sample by maternal blood as soon as possible. The method is based on the ability of fetal hemoglobin to resist denaturation in alkaline conditions, and can be used routinely. Fetal blood samples show a lower degradation rate (range 1.2-8.2%) compared to the maternal samples (range 25.0-52.5%). The method has the capacity to discriminate fetal and maternal samples with regard to their fetal hemoglobin content.
Cordocentesis↗
Clinical significance of creatine kinase isoenzymes for fetal asphyxia in women at labor.
Creatine kinase-brain isoenzyme activity (CK-BB) was measured longitudinally in the serum of 31 pregnant women in the first stage of labor (early and advanced), at delivery, and 1, 6 and 24 h after delivery, in the umbilical cord and in the serum of their neonates on the first day of life. There was no increase in serum CK-BB values of mothers that delivered normally (n = 15) or had an elective cesarean section (n = 5). Pregnant women with signs of fetal distress had an increase in CK-BB levels in the first stage of labor (mean +/- SD 4.5 +/- 4.9 U/l, p < 0.03) and 6 h after delivery (12 +/- 4 U/l, p < 0.0001). Neonates with intrauterine stress also had an increase in their CK-BB to 144 +/- 116 U/l at 6 h of life, in comparison with babies born without signs of stress. It appears that CK-BB during labor and in the first hours of life may be indicative of intrauterine stress.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
Immunohistochemical localization of metallothionein in human breast cancer in comparison with cathepsin D, stromelysin-1, CD44, extracellular matrix components, P53, Rb, C-erbB-2, EGFR, steroid receptor content and proliferation.
Metallothionein (MT) is a low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, zinc-binding protein that may have a function in cellular repair processes, growth and differentiation. Using a monoclonal antibody (E9) to metallothionein, we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of MT in routinely fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue from 98 cases of female breast carcinomas. The MT expression was studied in comparison with the expression of the basement membrane (BM) antigens (type IV collagen, laminin), fibronectin, cathepsin D, adhesion molecule CD44, p53 protein, the pRb, c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, EGFR, stromelysin-1, proliferation indices (Ki-67, PCNA), steroid receptor content as well as with other conventional clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer. Strong MT expression was observed in the majority of tumour cells in 18.4% of tumours, focal MT positivity in 13.3% and almost complete lack of MT expression in 68.4% of cases (mean value 33.36 +/- 26.36). The MT expression in carcinoma cells was strongly associated with the DCIS component of the tumour (p < 0.0001). High values of MT were correlated with low steroid receptor status (p = 0.08 for ER receptor and p = 0.019 for PgR receptor content). MT positive cases were correlated with stromelysin-1 expression (p = 0.059) and cathepsin D (p = 0.058). These findings suggest that MT expression is characteristic of the early phase of breast carcinogenesis, possibly regulated by hormones, and could be a new potential prognostic marker in breast cancer.
Adult↗
Effective treatment of beta-thalassemia intermedia during pregnancy with rHuEpo. A case report.
The anemia of pregnancy in presence of beta-thalassemia intermedia usually aggravates pregnancy procedure. In the present study we investigated whether the administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) recombinant human erythropoietin in combination with iron and folic acid may ameliorate blood indices as an alternative choice to blood transfusion.
Adult↗
[Fertility and pregnancy after conization].
Conization is frequently used as a diagnostic and curative method for the prevention of the cervical cancer on women of the fertile age. Conization was performed on 408 women up to 40 years in our Clinics during the years 1967 to 1989. The percentage of attested postoperative pregnancies among these women amounts to 13.51% and declines with age; it is high among women up to 25 years of age (29%) and low (3%) among women between 36 and 40 years. The percentage with premature births before the operation was 15.25%; after the operation the percentage declined to 13.31%. Preventive cerclage was used on one part (8.1%) of the latter percentage and no cerclage on the remaining 5.4%. It is concluded that there is not high danger of premature birth after conization and therefore performance of the operation does not seem to necessitate preventive cerclage.
Abortion, Spontaneous↗
Determination of serum copper concentration in pregnancy at term, using potentiometric stripping analysis (P.S.A.).
The serum copper concentrations were determined in a group of 41 pregnant women and in a group of 30 non-pregnant women used as a control-group. The determinations were made by Potentiometric Stripping Analysis (P.S.A.) a method much cheaper but equally reliable to others used for determination of bioelements. The levels of copper in serum were found significantly lower in both groups [control group: (mean +/- S.D.): 0.56 +/- 0.16 mg/l, pregnant women, (mean +/- S.D.): 1.77 +/- 0.47 mg/l] than the levels referred in studies from other countries. This finding in combination with the obvious advantages of the P.S.A. method, allow us to propose copper determination as a routine examination during pregnancy, in order to make an early diagnosis and manage a possible copper deficiency in pregnant women, accordingly.
Adult↗
[Effect of epidural anesthesia via catheter on the mother and her fetus].
The present study describes the effects of lumbar epidural anaesthesia performed on a group of pregnant women (group A) during the period 1986-1988. The overall behavior of the women of group A is compared to that of another group of 990 women on whom no epidural anaesthesia was performed (group B). No serious hyperventilation was observed on any of the women of group A and no PO2 drop in the intervals between contractions of the uterus. Metabolic acid production of both mother and foetus was lower than that observed in group B. Comparisons of multiparas of group A to those of group B showed a higher percentage normal cardiotocographic records among the former. Newborns in group A showed better Apgar scores. No serious complications were observed among women of group A.
Analgesia, Epidural↗
[A new test for detection of amniotic fluid following rupture of the fetal membranes].
A new simple test of the identification of ruptured fetus membranes has been studied which is based on the heating of the dry sample slide in which endocervix specimen has been placed. When this specimen contains amniotic fluid, the dry sample slide turns white. When the amniotic fluid doesn't exist, it turns brown. 275 cases of ruptured membranes in term pregnancy have been studied and our test has proved 100% percent successful. We have also studied 225 cases of term pregnancies with unruptured membranes and the rupture of membranes appeared in 24 of the cases. (10.6% false positive results). This new method is simple, fast, economical and reliable in the testing of ruptured membranes with a small percentage of false positive results in cases of unruptured membranes.
Amniotic Fluid↗