Speech changes following orthodontic treatment with the functional regulator.
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Activator Appliances↗
Biomedical subjects
D M Ruscello
Publications and source records attributed to D M Ruscello.
A selected review of palatal training procedures.
The modification of velopharyngeal closure deficits is generally achieved through the utilization of some type of surgical or prosthetic management. In addition to these primary techniques, a number of experimental palatal training procedures have been reported in the literature. The experimental procedures differ primarily with respect to: type of treatment, evaluation of treatment change, and subject characteristics. This paper reviews the various palatal training procedures and discusses variables that may deserve consideration in future research.
Adult↗
Functional regulator therapy for cleft palate patients.
Nine cleft lip and palate children exhibiting collapse of maxillary segments and cross-bite were treated orthodontically with the functional regulator (FR) for periods ranging from 6 to 18 months. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate quantitatively treatment of cleft palate patients with the functional regulator and to evaluate the effect of the appliance on their speech. Cleft palate patients typically have speech, nose, and lip defects which make patient cooperation and appliance acceptance more difficult. However, patient cooperation was considered good with an average mean of 12.7 hours per day of appliance wear and a range of 5.6 to 18.2 hours. Change in interimplant dimension was measured on frontal radiographs, and dental changes were measured of serial dental casts. The resulting data indicated no significant change in maxillary width or cross-bite relationship. The functional regulator was not clinically useful in this sample when the treatment objective was primary expansion of collapsed maxillary segments in the cleft palate patient. Good speech-production skills prior to treatment will minimize the adverse effect that the FR has on speech intelligibility. A significant amount of accommodation to the appliance occurs within 1 week after insertion, but maximum improvement in speech intelligibility occurs with full-time wear of the appliance for as many hours per day as possible.
Activator Appliances↗
Awareness of certain articulatory gestures in normal-speaking and articulatory-defective children.
A comparison of the awareness of articulatory gestures between normal-speaking children and those with articulation disorders was undertaken. The articulation-disorders group included children receiving speech training, and others placed on an observation list. The results indicate that the groups did not differ with respect to their awareness of articulatory gestures. The majority of the responses from both groups reflected accurate execution of the task.
Articulation Disorders↗
Planning and self-assessment in articulatory training.
Children misarticulating the /r/ or /s/ speech sounds or both were identified, and assigned randomly to one of two groups. Each group received speech lessons that were similar. However, during response acquisition training, Group 1 was requested to plan articulatory movements mentally, produce the target sound, and assess the production. Group 2 practiced the training units without using the planning and assessment procedures. Group 1 exceeded Group 2 on generalization measures when the planning and assessment training was in effect.
Articulation Disorders↗
Assessment of parent-administered listening training for preschool children with articulation deficits.
Two studies concerning preschool misarticulating children are reported. The first study was concerned with direct effects of two varieties of parent-administered listening training. The second study focused on the influence of that same training on children's responses to sound-production training. Subjects were assigned to one of three conditions: listening, reading-talking, and control. Children in the first group were provided training by their parents that was intended to focus the child's attention on consonants in syllables or words and to teach discrimination between correctly and incorrectly articulated consonants. Parents of children in the second group read to and talked with them about the material. Neither treatment group surpassed the control group in gains made on any auditory processing or articulatory measure employed, and some parents found the listening training frustrating. In the second study, a subset of the children in each of the three groups was given sound-production training. The data obtained did not show any effect from earlier listening experiences on sound-production performance.
Attention↗
Articulation improvement and oral tactile changes in children.
To determine whether oral tactile changes accompany improvement in articulation, 16 children were administered two tests of oral tactile perception and two tests of articulation competency at three time periods: before, during, and at the end of speech therapy. A positive relationship between articulation proficiency and oral tactile perception was established. Both articulation tests reflected a progressive improvement for the group across the three testing periods. One of the tests of oral tactile perception reflected the same progressive trend and the second test, while not exhibiting the identical trend, did reflect a general improvement from the first to the third testing period. These findings indicate that oral tactile skills appear to be important factors in speech production and that such skills should be assessed in cases of functional articulation disorders,
Child↗
Acoustic patterns of an adolescent with multiple articulation errors.
This is a case study on an adolescent who demonstrated multiple articulation errors. In particular, an acoustic analysis was performed on the same features as those investigated by Kent and Forner (1980) in children with normal articulation and by Glasson (1984) in speech- and language-disordered children. The results of the analysis were compared to the data obtained by Kent and Forner and Glasson. Our subject demonstrated longer phrase durations and more variability than any of the groups with whom he was compared. In addition, he displayed an interaction between syntactic and articulatory performance.
Articulation Disorders↗
A screening method for evaluation of the peripheral speech mechanism.
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Adult↗