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Biomedical subjects

D Mathieu

Publications and source records attributed to D Mathieu.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Abscess of the spleen: diagnosis and treatment. Apropos of 12 cases].

Twelve cases of splenic abscess, seen at our hospital between January 1980 and June 1987, were reviewed retrospectively. The most common causes of splenic abscesses were subacute endocarditis and intra abdominal sepsis. Diagnosis was suspected on clinical grounds and was always confirmed by sonography and/or computerized tomography. Two patients were drained unsuccessfully under CT scan guidance and underwent splenectomy. The other patients were operated primarily. One patient developed a subphrenic abscess postoperatively. One patient died from intractable cardiac failure due to subacute endocarditis. The authors stress the role of CT scan in the diagnosis of splenic abscess and recommend early splenectomy in cases of failure of percutaneous drainage.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

[Tolerability of a new non-ionic contrast medium, iopromide in x-ray computed tomography. Comparison with ioxaglate 320 mgI/ml].

Three randomized prospective and comparative trials were conducted in 165 patients undergoing brain (80) and whole body (85) CT scans. The two products compared where a new non-ionic contrast medium iopromide 300 (brain) and 370 (whole body) and the ionic low osmolar contrast medium, ioxaglate 320. Imaging quality was not different but the tolerance of the non-ionic medium was significantly better (p less than 0.05).

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonographic and x-ray computed tomographic aspects of Mirizzi's syndrome].

The Mirizzi syndrome is due to common hepatic duct obstruction secondary to the impaction of a large gallstone in the neck of the gallbladder or the cystic duct. The sonographic and computed tomography features in 3 cases of Mirizzi syndrome are described and compared with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography findings. The Mirizzi syndrome was diagnosed preoperatively on sonography in 2 out of 3 cases and on plain computed tomography scans in all 3 cases. However pre or intraoperative visualization of the biliary tract is mandatory in suspected Mirizzi syndrome to detect the presence or absence of cholecystobiliary fistula, in order to adapt the operative strategy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hepatic vein involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma.

A retrospective review of the dynamic computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound scans from examinations of 134 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was undertaken with emphasis on evaluation of hepatic vein involvement. Hepatic veins were involved in 8 patients (5.9%). Portal vein obstruction was associated in 7 of these cases. Sonography demonstrated hepatic vein involvement in 6 cases was considered within normal limits in 1 and failed to display hepatic veins in another. Dynamic CT was superior in depicting venous obstruction in all the cases by different signs including (a) hypodensity and enlargement of the vessel, (b) perivenous arterial hypervascularization surrounding the hypodense intraluminal region, and (c) hemokinetic changes in relation to the outflow obstruction. The frequency and significance of these CT signs are discussed and correlated in 2 patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Detection of heterogeneous Staphylococci by the Autobac system using a nafcillin disk].

Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is still a problem for automated system users. Forty-nine strains were studied--two kinds of tests were performed: the first by using a 1.0 microgram nafcillin disk with the Autobac system, the second by testing an oxacillin disk by diffusion on Mueller-Hinton agar base complemented with natrium chloride incubated at 37 degrees C. Between the two tests, we observed a concordance for 87.8% of the strains. Six strains showed a discrepancy with the reference method. But for five of them, the Light Scattering Index (LSI) showed a decreasing sensibility near for the cut off. Whereas, only one strain is considered as susceptible. The 1.0 micrograms nafcillin disk allow better results than the 5.0 micrograms oxacillin disk in the automated system, Autobac.

Automation↗
PubMed1988

E. coli infections of the lower urinary tract and their treatment by immunomodulation or combined immunomodulation and antigen therapy.

A model of infection by E. coli 022 of the lower urinary tract in the rat is described. The infection is characterized by the presence in the urine of a large number of E. coli (10(5)-10(7) bacteria per ml). There is pus formation in the urine. A few infected rats also exhibited prostate hypertrophy and the presence of ACB could be detected in some of the latter group. Treatment of the infected rats by the C. granulosum-derived immunomodulator P40, injected intravenously either as a single dose of 1 mg per rat 1 day after infection or as 2 fractionated doses of 0.5 mg 1 day and 3 days after infection resulted in sterilization of a significant number of urines. The interest of fractionating the dose of P40 is to reduce the incidence of prostate hypertrophy formation. Comparable results were obtained when P40 was given preventively to the rats either as a single dose 7 days before infection or as 2 fractionated doses 7 days and 1 day before infection. The association of a single preventive dose of 1 mg of P40 given 7 days before infection by administering a suspension of heat-killed E. coli 022, as a specific antigen, 1 day after infection permitted the sterilization of urines in all infected rats and prostate hypertrophy formation did not occur.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Budd-Chiari syndrome: dynamic CT.

A retrospective multi-institutional study was carried out on a series of 38 patients with histologically proved Budd-Chiari syndrome: Five patients had acute disease, and 33 had subacute or chronic disease. All patients underwent dynamic CT scanning. Angiography was performed in 20 cases, inferior cavography in 22, and wedge-hepatic venography in 16. In all acute cases, CT showed global liver enlargement with diffuse hypodensity on plain scans and patchy enhancement after contrast material injection. Thrombosis of the three main hepatic veins was always demonstrated. In subacute or chronic disease, plain CT scans showed abnormalities of liver morphology and hypodensity either in atrophic areas (19 cases) or in the periphery of the liver (eight cases). With dynamic CT, patchy enhancement was present in 28 cases. Correlation with angiography in 15 cases revealed a normal portal blood flow in enhanced areas and an inversed portal blood flow in atrophic areas. Different morphologic and enhancement patterns on CT scans could be related to the direction of portal blood flow, which changes with different stages of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of vaccination in urinary infections caused by Escherichia coli in rats].

The preventive effects of the immunomodulator P40 on the experimental E. coli infection of the lower urinary tract of the rat have been reported previously. In the present paper are presented the results obtained with the aid of vaccination using the same experimental model of infection in the rat. Active specific immunization of the animals with a vaccine consisting of the same strain as that used for infecting the rats afforded significant protection toward the infection. It is concluded that such vaccines could also be used in humans, either alone or in combination with other therapies with the aim at preventing recurrencies or relapses of infections of the lower urinary tract which were resistant to antibiotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic adenomas and focal nodular hyperplasia: dynamic CT study.

A retrospective, multi-institutional study was carried out on a series of 50 histologically proved benign hepatic tumors. The 27 hepatic adenomas (HAs) and 23 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) were studied with ultrasonography (US) and dynamic computed tomography (CT). Angiography was performed in 26 cases (15 HAs, 11 FNHs); scintigraphy was not used because of its cost. US scans proved nonspecific. CT scans demonstrated hemorrhage in five HAs and were useful in characterizing tumoral vascularity and any intratumoral features such as necrosis or central fibrous scar. The presence of arterial vessels (five patients) in the projection of this central fibrous scar is suggestive of FNH. Dynamic CT scans did not show the type of tumor in most cases. In cases with lesions greater than 3 cm for which doubt as to the diagnosis persists, combined use of morphologic data, scintigraphy, dynamic CT scanning, and angiography can guide the therapeutic decision: surgery or follow-up CT study after use of oral contraceptives is stopped.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Periportal tuberculous adenitis: CT features.

The computed tomographic (CT) findings in six patients with periportal tuberculous adenitis were reviewed retrospectively to analyze the main morphologic features of the disease. In all patients, hypodense lymph nodes were observed close to the porta hepatis, with peripheral enhancement seen after administration of contrast material. In one patient, this hypodense adenopathy was associated with homogeneous, normally enhancing lymph nodes. These different features on the CT scans could signify the evolving pathologic stages of the disease, with early noncaseating granulomas and subsequent caseation necrosis. Recognition of these hypodense lymph nodes, especially in patients at risk, should help optimize the correct diagnosis of periportal tuberculous adenitis.

Adult↗