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D Pavlović

Publications and source records attributed to D Pavlović.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Selenomethionine induces polyamine biosynthesis in regenerating rat liver tissue.

Our study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of selenomethionine (SeMet) on polyamine metabolism in regenerating rat liver tissue, as useful model of rapidly growing normal tissue. We have examined the levels of spermine, spermidine and putrescine in liver tissue. At the same time we have evaluated the activities of polyamine oxidase (PAO) and diamine oxidase (DAO), the catabolic enzymes of polyamine metabolism. The obtained results suggest that polyamine levels in regenerating liver tissue, at 7(th) day after two-thirds partial hepatectomy, were higher in comparison with control group. The administration of selenomethionine to hepatectomized animals during seven days, in a single daily dose of 2.5 microg/100 g body weight, increases the amount of spermine and spermidine; the level of putrescine does not change under the influence of SeMet in regenerating rat liver tissue.PAO activity is lower in regenerating hepatic tissue than in control group. Supplementation of hepatectomized animals with SeMet significantly decreases the activity of this enzyme. DAO activity was significantly higher in hepatectomized and in operated animals treated with SeMet compared to the sham-operated and control ones. The differential sensitivity observed in our model of highly proliferating normal tissue to SeMet, compared with the reported anticancer activity of this molecule is discussed.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed2000

Chelation of aluminium by combining DFO and L1 in rats.

The hypothesis that two known chelators 1, 2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one (L1) and desferrioxamine (DFO) might be more efficient as combined treatment than as monotherapies in removing aluminium from the body was tested in a new acute rat model. Five-week old female rats received chelators: L1 (p.o.), DFO (i.p.) or L1+DFO as 100 or 200 mg/kg dose half an hour after a single i.p. administration of 6 mg Al/kg body weight in the form of chloride. Serum aluminium concentration and urinary aluminium and iron excretions were determined by electrothermal or flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Both chelators were effective only at the higher dose level. While DFO was more effective than L1 in enhancing urinary aluminium excretion, L1 was more effective than DFO in enhancing urinary iron excretion. In the combined treatment group L1 did not increase the DFO effect on aluminium and DFO did not increase the effect of L1 on iron elimination. However, in this group a simultaneous increase in both aluminium and iron elimination was observed. Our results support the usefulness of this animal model for preliminary in vivo testing of aluminium chelators. Urinary values were more useful because of the high variability of serum results. Result of combined chelators treatment should be confirmed in a different experimental model before extrapolation to other systems. This testing procedure of course does not provide all the relevant answers for evaluating the efficiency of chelating agents in aluminium toxicity.

Aluminum↗
PubMed2000

Effect of four-week metformin treatment on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidative defense enzymes in newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

The principal metabolic effect of metformin-an oral antihyperglycaemic agent-is the improvement in the sensitivity of peripheral tissues and liver to insulin. This study examined the effect of metformin monotherapy on antioxidative defence system activity in erythrocytes and plasma in diabetic patients. We studied the effect of metformin treatment on the activities of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (EC 1. 15. 1. 1.), catalase (EC 1. 11. 1. 6.) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1. 11. 1. 9.) in relation to lipid peroxidation products and reduced glutathione level in plasma and erythrocytes. In this study we also examined erythrocytes' susceptibility to H2O2-induced oxidative stress during metformin therapy. Although metformin monotherapy ameliorated the imbalance between free radical-induced increase in lipid peroxidation (by reducing the MDA level in both erythrocytes and plasma) and decreased plasma and cellular antioxidant defences (by increasing the erythrocyte activities of Cu, Zn, SOD, catalase and GSH level) and decreased erythrocyte susceptibility to oxidative stress, it had negligible effect to scavenge Fe ion-induced free radical generation in a phospholipid-liposome system.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed2000

[Organization of emergency medical care in Tuzla Canton].

The main duty for all health institutions and individuals is an organization and emergency medical care providing. The aim of this paper is to analyse the existing staff, equipment, facilities and emergency medicine organisation in 13 municipalities of Tuzla Canton. In this paper we have analysed 13 emergency medical services in Tuzla Canton: 1. Tuzla; 2. Banovići; 3. Celić; 4. Doboj-Istok; 5. Gracanica; 6. Gradacac; 7. Kalesija; 8. Kladanj; 9. Lukavac; 10. Srebrenik; 11. Teocak; 12. Sapna; 13. Zivinice. We have analysed the number of employed medical workers (doctors--specialists, general practitioners, senior medical technicians, medical technicians), ambulances and equipment (ECG, defibrillators, oxygen devices, intubation kits, aspirators) and communication system. Present situation is compared with standards and norms for every municipality, from our and heads' of units point of view, concerning equipment, staff and facilities for each unit. It is evident that the present situation is far from the needs concerning staff, equipment, facilities and emergency care organization in Tuzla Canton.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMed1999

[Respiratory insufficiency and lipomatosis of the neck (Madelung's neck)].

A case of Madelungs neck is reported. After two operations in three years the patient developed respiratory insufficiency and transferred to our hospital in state of severe suffocation for tracheotomy. The factors leading to suffocation, such as inspiratory dyspnea, factors influencing the patient to undergo an operation and therapy, and difficulties encountered by an ENT surgeon in managing a respiratory crisis by tracheotomy are highlighted. The reported case illustrates an emergency tracheotomy in a very advanced stage of the disease.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1998

Different responses of rat liver adenosine metabolizing enzymes during in vivo and in vitro treatment with interferon-alpha 2b.

Interferon-alpha 2b (IFN-alpha 2b) can exert antiproliferative activity in both normal and malignant liver tissue. To study mechanisms of its antiproliferative action, the activity of the enzymes of adenosine metabolism were investigated. We studied 5'-nucleotidase (an adenosine-producing enzyme) and adenosine deaminase (involved in adenosine degradation). Female Wistar rats (3 weeks old) were treated with IFN-alpha 2b for 48 h, as were adult rats (3 months old) and adult rats subjected to partial hepatectomy. During IFN-alpha 2b administration, the activity of 5'-nucleotidase increased in the liver of 3-week-old rats, proportionately more than in adult rats, but the greatest increase was seen in partially hepatectomised rats. The activity of adenosine deaminase decreased in the liver of 3-week-old rats, did not change significantly in 3-month-old rats, but was significantly lower in partially hepatectomised rats. As high adenosine concentrations are toxic for mammalian cells, especially during proliferation, the progressive increase of adenosine production, together with the progressive decrease of its degradation, could be one of the mechanisms of IFN-alpha 2b-induced antiproliferative activity. In vitro studies were performed using collagenase-isolated hepatocytes. They were exposed to IFN-alpha 2b, a cAMP analogue, or both. The incubation of hepatocytes with IFN-alpha 2b did not significantly change the activity of both enzymes, whereas incubation with the cAMP analogue decreased 5'-nucleotidase activity and increased adenosine deaminase activity. The mechanism of IFN-alpha 2b-induced alteration in adenosine metabolism is therefore unclear.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1998

The possible importance of the cation-binding site for the oxidative modification of liver 5'-nucleotidase.

The oxidative damage of proteins and lipid peroxidation of membrane lipoproteins has already been described as a possible pathogenic mechanism for liver injury. The aim of the present study was to examine the mechanism that could be responsible for the oxidative modification of rat liver 5'-nucleotidase during exposure to different free radical generating systems: FeCl2/ascorbate, xanthine/xanthine oxidase and H2O2. The level of lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the level of protein carbonyl groups formation was measured in cells and extracellular medium. The activity of 5'-nucleotidase was linearly decreased in both hepatocytes and extracellular medium after exposure to the FeCl2/ascorbate system indicating that the possible mechanism for oxidative modification could be a metal-binding site of the enzyme. In xanthine/xanthine oxidase system the enzyme activity of hepatocytes had decreased in hepatocytes but increased in the extracellular medium indicating that proteolysis of membrane proteins could he responsible for enzyme release in the extracellular medium. When hepatocytes were exposed to a H2O2 free-radical generating system, the activity of 5'-nucleotidase tended to be decreased in cells and decreased in extracellular medium too, indicating that H2O2 could be less reactive in producing an oxidative modification of the enzyme. In order to support the hypothesis that the cation-binding site can be responsible for oxidative modification of the enzyme, the isolated hepatocytes were preincubated with a Ca(2+)-channel blocker (Verapamil) and then exposed to different radical-generating systems. Verapamil had only a slight effect in potentiating the inhibition in the FeCl2/ascorbate system. This probably means that the cellular cation flux and cation binding may be included as a vulnerable site with the greatest importance in the oxidative modification of 5'-nucleotidase.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1998

Selenium-dependent GSH-Px in erythrocytes of patients with hypertension treated with ACE inhibitors.

This study is aimed at examining whether essential arterial hypertension (HTN) or ACE inhibitors have any effect on erythrocyte selenium (Se)-dependent and Se-non-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Eleven patients with HTN (2 men and 9 women) and 9 healthy volunteers were included in this study after clinical examination and laboratory investigation. The activities of all three enzymes were determined and then the patients were assigned to receive ACE inhibitor therapy consisting of captopril, 25 to 50 mg daily, or enalapril, 10 to 40 mg daily. After 1 year, the determination of antioxidant enzymes was repeated. Our results showed that the initial values of Se-dependent GSH-Px in patients treated with ACE inhibitors were significantly lower (19.60 +/- 3.50 microM NADPH/min(-1)/mgHb(-1)) compared with the controls (28.64 +/- 4.93 microM NADPH/min(-1)/mgHb(-1); p < 0.001), whereas the activity of Se-non-dependent GSH-Px was significantly enhanced (13.55 +/- 1.46 microM NADPH/min(-1)/mgHb(-1); p < 0.001) compared with the control group (9.44 +/- 0.81 microM NADPH/min(-1)/mgHb(-1); p < 0.001). ACE inhibitors did not significantly change the activity of Se-dependent GSH-Px or Se-non-dependent GSH-Px. No significant alteration was observed in SOD activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Changes of lipid peroxides and antioxidative factors levels in blood of patients treated with ACE inhibitors.

In 14 patients (4 males and 10 females) with systemic hypertension plasma and erythrocyte lipid peroxides, plasma and erythrocyte catalase activity, plasma glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, blood reduced glutathione (GSH) content and erythrocyte oxidant stress were investigated. All parameters were performed after clinical examination and then the patients were assigned to receive ACE inhibitor therapy, captopril (25-50 mg given twice per day) or enalapril (10-40 mg given twice per day). After six months the determination of lipid peroxides and antioxidative factors was repeated. At the beginning of the study both treated groups showed significantly higher plasma lipid peroxides compared to the control group. Both used ACE inhibitors produced significant decrease of plasma lipid peroxides after six months. Blood GSH content was also significantly higher in both patient groups before the treatment compared to the controls. Neither captopril nor enalapril produced any significant effect on GSH. Initial values of plasma GST activity in the patients were similar to the control group and did not significantly change after six month treatment. The patients assigned to receive enalapril showed significantly enhanced initial plasma catalase activity according to the controls. After six months treatment both ACE inhibitors significantly decreased plasma catalase activity. Erythrocyte lipid peroxides, erythrocyte catalase activity and oxidant stress of erythrocytes in both groups studied neither differ significantly at initial time of investigation according to the control group nor during or after six month treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Personal experience in the organization of mass admission of traumatized refugees].

Here is showed experience and importance of Emergency Medical Service during mass reception of traumatised displaced persons from Srebrenica in July 1995. During organisation of reception a good willingness and experience of this service with repard a to fast action, examination and selection of more than 15,000 displaced persons. In short time, whole coming persons were examined; medicine treated and in other way cared. There were arranged, 234 doctor teams, 22 stomatologist teams, 42 laboratory teams, 42 hygiene-epidemiologist teams and 18 teams for vaccination of children. In the various pathology of coming displaced persons there were dominated: respiratory disease case and uncared skin infections in children, chronical cardiovascular disease and malnutrition in adults. For successful realisation of this complex tasks, like the organising of reception and medical care of huge number of traumatised displaced persons, it is needed to have well organised, qualified and technical equipped Emergency medical Service.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients and staff: a two year follow-up.

To estimate the prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis C virus ((HCV) and hepatitis virus (HBV) and the presence of infection, 101 patients receiving renal replacement therapy and 75 staff members caring for them were tested. Evaluation included detailed history, screening for anti-HCV antibody, HBV markers and liver enzymes 38% of patients were anti-HCV positives and 15 (40%) of these had antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen indicating previous hepatitis B infection. Positive markers indicating HBV infection only, accounted for another 18% of patients. All staff members were anti-HCV negative, although 34 (45%) were anti-HBc positive. Age, sex and history of blood transfusions did not influence the prevalence of anti-HCV and anti-HBC in patients. There was, however, a significant difference in the prevalence of anti-HCV and anti-HBc positivity between polytransfused and occasionally transfused patients (p < 0.05). During a 24-months follow-up a decline was observed in HBs antigen carriers from 20% to 10% and in HBc antibody carriers from 47% to 33%. At the same time, regardless of accurate preventive measures, an increase in incidence of anti-HCV seropositivity from 30% to 38% was detected.

Female↗