PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Petrone

Publications and source records attributed to D Petrone.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Desensitizing efficacy of Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength and Fresh Mint Sensodyne dentifrices.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relative effectiveness provided by a new dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base (Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice) for reducing dentin hypersensitivity over an 8-wk period, as compared to that provided by a commercially-available antihypersensitivity dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate base (Fresh Mint Sensodyne dentifrice). MATERIALS AND METHODS: To qualify for participation in this examiner-blind clinical study, male and female adults from the central New Jersey area were required to present with tactile and air blast dentin hypersensitivity in at least two non-molar teeth at two examinations, spaced 1 wk apart. Qualifying subjects were randomized into two treatment groups, which were balanced for gender, age, and baseline sensitivity scores. Subjects were provided with a soft-bristled toothbrush. Examinations for tactile and air blast sensitivity were repeated after 4 wks' use of the study dentifrices, and again after 8 wks' usage. 97 subjects complied with the protocol, and completed the entire study. RESULTS: After 4 wks, subjects assigned to the Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice group exhibited a statistically significant improvement over the Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to tactile sensitivity scores, and a statistically significant improvement over the Sensodyne dentifrice group with respect to air blast sensitivity scores. Correspondingly significant improvements were presented after 8 wks. Thus, the results of this examiner-blind clinical study support the conclusion that the Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.454% stannous fluoride in a silica base provided superior levels of control of tactile and air blast sensitivity than the clinically tested, commercially-available anti-hypersensitivity dentifrice Sensodyne dentifrice containing 5.0% potassium nitrate and 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a dicalcium phosphate base.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Comparative efficacy of a new battery-powered toothbrush and an electric toothbrush on plaque removal.

This single-use, examiner-blind clinical study evaluated the plaque-removal efficacy of a new, battery-powered toothbrush (Colgate Actibrush) compared to a commercially available electric toothbrush (Braun Oral-B Plaque Remover) after 24 hours of no oral hygiene. Adult men and women reported to the clinical facility having refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 24 hours, and were stratified into 2 balanced groups according to plaque (prebrushing) scores. Participants then brushed their teeth for 1 minute, under supervision, with their assigned toothbrush and a commercially available toothpaste (Colgate Cavity Protection Great Regular Flavor Fluoride Toothpaste) and again were evaluated for supragingival plaque (postbrushing). The same dental examiner conducted the prebrushing and postbrushing plaque examinations. The study found no statistically significant difference in plaque removal between the group using the battery-powered toothbrush and the group using the electric toothbrush. Both power toothbrushes were found clinically to be equally effective with regard to the removal of 24-hour plaque accumulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Slowing the titration rate of tramadol HCl reduces the incidence of discontinuation due to nausea and/or vomiting: a double-blind randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Ultram [tramadol hydrochloride (HCl)] is a centrally acting analgesic that is widely prescribed for the treatment of moderate to moderately severe chronic pain. Although tramadol is generally well tolerated, some patients discontinue use early in the course of treatment because of nausea and vomiting. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of three initial titration rates of tramadol HCl on the incidence of discontinuation due to nausea and/or vomiting in patients who previously did not tolerate tramadol HCl. METHOD: A multicentre, outpatient, randomized double-blind study was conducted, comprised of two phases: a 14-day open-label run-in phase and a 28-day double-blind phase. In the run-in phase the dose of tramadol was titrated over 4 days to the target of 200 mg/day. Patients who discontinued tramadol HCl due to nausea and/or vomiting in the open-label phase were eligible to enter the 28-day double-blind phase after a 10-day wash-out. Patients were randomized to one of three groups using a 10-, 16- or a 13-day titration schedule in order to achieve a target dosage of either 200 mg/day (10- and 16-day titration groups) or 150 mg/day (13-day titration group). The number of discontinuations due to nausea and/or vomiting in each group were compared. RESULTS: Significantly fewer patients (22%) discontinued because of nausea and/or vomiting in the 13- and 16-day titration groups compared to the 10-day group (P=0.008 and P=0.006, respectively). The time to discontinuation was also significantly delayed in the 13- and 16-day groups compared to the 10-day group (P=0.006 and P=0.007, respectively). The outcome of the 13-day titration to 150 mg/day was essentially the same as that of the 16-day titration to 200 mg/day, suggesting that this is a true rate effect rather than being dose related. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that a slower titration rate of tramadol HCl improves tolerability in patients who previously discontinued therapy due to nausea and/or vomiting. This study also demonstrates that the rate of titration of tramadol HCl rather than the target dose is the major determinant of tolerability.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[DRG charge and real cost of a radical prostatectomy: preliminary considerations before a study of cost reduction].

Aim of the work was to evaluate the real cost of a radical prostactemy in comparison with the DRG's tariff rates. This work has been conduct before a next study whose objective is the reduction of the costs. The unitary estimated cost of the radical prostatectomies performed from 1997 to April 1998 in the Urological Division of the Università Cattolica S. Cuore has been extrapolated from the entire clinical activity of the same period. The real cost of an uncomplicated radical prostatectomy was also detected. The estimated cost was Lit. 8,225,872 in comparison to the DRG's tariff rate of Lit. 8,842,000; instead the real cost was Lit. 9,085,407. Forty-seven percent of this sum was for routine care in the Division, while 30% for operating room, 5% for pharmacy, 4% for laboratory and 14% for other items. In our institution an operation of high specialization like radical prostatectomy already performed without any complication is little remunerative. Routine care was the major cost: we think its improvement is the first step in order to contain the expense. In this way we can expect secondarily also a reduction in the days of stay.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1998

Two atypical cases of renal leiomyosarcoma: clinical picture, diagnosis and therapy.

The Authors report two cases of renal leiomyosarcomas with atypical clinical features. Despite a malignant histological picture, nephron-sparing surgery was performed. The two patients are alive and disease-free at six years and fifteen months respectively. Specific radiologic findings, indications and rationale for conservative treatment are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Urologic complications of diverticulosis of the colon].

In this paper the complications of colonic diverticulosis are reported, on the basis of two clinical cases personally observed. In the first case, a 68 year-old man, the typical symptomatology with pneumaturia, cloudy urine and watery diarrhea suggested a uro-colonic fistula, therefore a fistula between sigma and bladder, caused by a perforate diverticulum, has been diagnosed by means of cystography and barium enema. In the second case, a 64 year-old woman, the irritative symptomatology, hematuria and endoscopic picture suggested a vesical neoplasia. An accurate examination with abdominal TAC and barium enema, showed a perforate diverticulum between uterus and bladder, without affecting the bladder lumen. The surgical treatment required, in both cases, a left hemicolectomy, a minimal bladder resection in the first case, and a greater one in the second case. During the discussion, the main etiopathogenetic causes of uro-colonic fistulae together with the variants in the onset symptomatology, have been stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Bilateral semicircular canal pathology].

The authors report 12 cases of bilateral cupulolithiasis found in 142 subjects diagnosed as having benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. A case history was taken for these patients (4 males, 8 females; average age 28 years) and 10 reported a previous cranial trauma while the remainder did not refer any previous condition of note. All patients had normal cochleovestibular test results and showed no signs of concomitant internal and/or central pathologies. The Hallpike maneuver was able to evoke an intense symmetrical paroxysmal vertigo and this was often accompanied by neurovegetative phenomena while paroxysmal nystagmus always appeared. The patients were treated with a rehabilitative technique: the Brandt-Daroff was preferred as it is better tolerated. Within 15 days all patients had full remission of symptoms and at 6 months after treatment there have been no signs of recurrence. The conclusion is, thus, drawn that while the technical characteristics of the Sémont maneuver make it suitable only for use as rehabilitation in unilateral benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, this experience indicates that the Brandt-Daroff technique is better suited for the bilateral forms of this disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of adrenal neoplasm].

Pheocromocytoma is a rare adrenal tumor. Generally its size is reduced and it is one of the causes of arterial hypertension. The authors present a case of giant pheocromocytoma, without arterial hypertension, and particularly they write about the used diagnostic and therapeutic management.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Large inguino-scrotal bladder herniation].

The authors describe a case of voluminous inguinoscrotal bladder erniation. They write about the subjet with the help of the literature and above all they show the possible dangers of a vesical underestimated injury.

Hernia, Inguinal↗
PubMed1993

[Visual inhibition of the ampullar rotational-acceleratory excitation].

We have studied in normal subjects, the monocular and binocular influence on the nystagmus provoked by angular acceleration. The results show that the fixation determines a reduction of all quantitative parameters of the nystagmic response that, in the binocular fixation condition, is nearly 80% and halves with monocular fixation. The data shows activity conditions in a simple summation report of the values of visual input and demonstrate not only that the quality of the visual inhibition is, in normal subjects, perfectly equivalent between the two eyes but also that the stimulations evoked in the two labyrinths, convergent to the equilibrium centres, integrate in a perfectly complementary way. We have to study how this complex and harmonious polysensorial activity deteriorates with pathologic alterations of the visual and ampullar systems.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1992

Comparative plaque removal efficacy of three toothbrushes in two independent clinical studies.

Two independent studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of three toothbrushes on plaque removal. Both studies were carried out under the same protocol. A total of 73 adult male and female subjects who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria completed Study I and 78 different subjects completed Study II. Subjects were initially screened for dental plaque eligibility. After plaque was scored on the facial and lingual surfaces of all natural teeth using the Rustogi, et al. index, qualifying subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups on the basis of initial plaque scores and number of teeth. Subjects were then dismissed and scheduled to return for Visit 1 a week later, having abstained from all oral hygiene procedures for a prior 24-hour period. At Visit 1, each group was evaluated for plaque before brushing with their assigned toothbrush for sixty seconds. They were again scored for plaque after brushing. Subjects were dismissed and instructed to resume their normal routine and return to the clinical site for two more weekly visits. At each visit, a different test toothbrush was assigned to each group in a cross-over design. Plaque evaluations and brushing procedures were performed as in Visit 1 of the study. In both studies, the Colgate Precision toothbrush was significantly more effective (p < 0.01) than both the Oral-B 40 and Reach Full-Head soft toothbrushes in reducing the whole mouth plaque scores, as well as plaque at the gumline and at interproximal areas. The Oral-B 40 and Reach toothbrushes were not significantly different from each other with regard to plaque removal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Clinical studies regarding the plaque removal efficacy of manual toothbrushes.

Two independent cross-over design studies were performed to compare two toothbrushes for their ability to remove plaque. In Study I, the Colgate Precision toothbrush was compared to the Oral-B 40 toothbrush; in Study II, the Colgate Precision toothbrush was compared to the Reach Full-Head soft toothbrush. A total of 54 and 72 adult male and female subjects who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria completed Study I and Study II, respectively. In each study, subjects refrained from brushing for 24 hours, and were screened for dental plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of all natural teeth, using the Rustogi, et al. index. Based on mean scores and number of teeth, qualifying subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Subjects were then scheduled to return one week later, having again abstained from all oral hygiene procedures for a 24-hour period. At this visit, each subject was evaluated for plaque, then brushed with his/her assigned toothbrush for sixty seconds, and was again scored for plaque after brushing. Subjects were instructed to resume their normal routine and return to the clinical site one week later. At this visit, a different test toothbrush was assigned to each group in a cross-over design. Plaque evaluations and toothbrushing procedures were again performed. In both studies, the Colgate Precision toothbrush was significantly more effective (p < 0.01) than either the Oral-B 40 toothbrush or the Reach Full-Head soft toothbrush in reducing whole mouth plaque scores, plaque scores at the gumline, and plaque scores at interproximal areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Interaction between vision and vestibular nystagmus].

In order to assess the visuo-vestibular interaction and its behaviour in connection with the age, we have submitted 20 healthy subjects from two age groups ranging between 21-30 and 65-75 years of age to two rotation tests (with closed eyes and with opened eyes with fixation of a light). The results show a variation of the nystagmic response with fixation of about 60% in the young people and of about 40% in the elderly. These results demonstrate that the extent of the inhibition is dependent upon age and is less effective in the elderly.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of aging on posture].

In order to assess the postural behaviour of the elderly, we have submitted twenty subjects of more than seventy years old to posturography. In all cases, compared to young people, significant variations of the posturographic parameters regarding in a particular way the total tracing length, the ellipse surface and the mean speed have been recorded. The conclusion is that the values obtained should always be compared with the standard values for each age group.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental research on sensitized posturography: importance of the neck reflexes].

In order to assess the influence of the cervical structures on the vestibulo-spinal reflex, and so on the posture, we have studied twenty subjects undergoing stimulation of the neck's proprioceptor structures. Each subject, by means of computerized stabilometric platform, has been submitted to the sensitized test with head retroflexed. In all cases significant variations of the posturographic parameters regarding in a particular way the total tracing length, the ellipse surface and the mean speed have been recorded. The results show that there are in man too stimulations of cervical origin which serve the purpose of maintaining posture; we can't exclude the possibility of the interference of an otolithic stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental research on vestibular compensation using posturography].

Vestibular compensation is a representation of nervous system plasticity which manifests as a gradual recovery of equilibrium function both in vestibulo-spinal system and vestibulo-oculomotor system. In order to assess whether the vestibular compensation is a homogeneous process among the different reflexes, the Authors have studied two groups of subjects affected by peripheral or central lesion. The development of the vestibular compensation has been evaluated by the rotation and posturographic tests. The results demonstrate a constant correlation between rotation and stabilometric parameters in the patients suffering from peripheral dizziness while there isn't any correlation between acceleratory and posturographic tests in patients affected by central vertigo. These results demonstrate that the compensation develops at the different levels of the balance function in a very different and independent way and that comparison of the rotation and posturographic patterns may be useful to establish the peripheral or central site of the lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of the cervical reflex on the posture of normal subjects. Balance measurement study].

The little we know about the existence and the meaning of the cervical component on the vestibulo-spinal reflex, led us to carry out a study on normal subjects examined by computerized stabilometry with the head turned 75 degrees left and right, in order to check the postural alterations during the stimulation of the neck proprioceptors. The results show a significant increase of the values of the LTT, SE and Vm with the head turned to the left; the increases were not significant with the head turned to the right. The difference is difficult to explain. The results show that in man too the posture is affected by reflex of cervical origin.

Adult↗