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D Uhlenbrock

Publications and source records attributed to D Uhlenbrock.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Disk hernia of the lumbar spine. Radiologic study with special reference to the technic and value of nuclear magnetic resonance tomography].

Degenerations of the spinal disc especially in the lumbar region are the most frequent degenerative diseases in orthopedics. As diagnostic proceedings to discover disc herniation myelography and computerized tomography have been proven to be very usefull. Each of those methods show a high sensitivity and accuracy. Computerized tomography seems to be the first procedure because of the lac of any risk. Myelography has been reserved for the second approach, if there is any doupt in diagnosis. This paper will especially discuss advantages and disadvantages of MRI-tomography for the diagnosis of disc herniation. In MRI-tomography we have no radiation, there is no risk for the patient and we have the possibility of slices in different orientations with the sagittal orientation having priority in diagnosis of disc herniation. A more pronounced contrast in MRI relatively to the computerized tomography with nearly the same spatial resolution is an other important fact in favour for MRI. The value of MRI diagnosis of the spine depends however mainly on the use of special surface coils and on the use of high magnetic fields which provides a good signal to noise relation and which would permit us to use a thin-slice technique.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

[Computerized tomography in endocrine ophthalmopathy with malignant exophthalmos].

CT scanning was done in 16 patients with deterioration of sight in endocrine ophthalmopathy. The assessment involved muscular changes and density of retrobulbar fat. Evaluation of muscular changes was staged. In addition, exophthalmus was graded and evaluated by staging. More than two thirds of patients showed pronounced muscular thickening whereas the remaining patients showed few or no muscular changes. Likewise, in a number of patients exophthalmus could hardly be demonstrated according to Hertel's values. Thus, clinical presentation in a number of patients is relatively mild. Pathophysiologic considerations as to the development of deterioration of sight mainly involve myogenic compression of the optic nerve at its orbital entry. This does not seem to hold true for patients without muscular thickening. In such patients optic nerve affection could be caused by increase of the volume of the fat body.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

[Initial experiences with MR in liver tumors].

We examined 21 patients with focal lesions of the liver. Routinely we used T1 weighted, proton weighted and T2 weighted measurement modes, mainly with repetition times of 1.6 sec and echo delay times of 35 or 120 msec. Using these parameters we can see characteristic changes of the signals of the liver tumours. Cystic lesions usually show a strong decrease of the signal in the T1 weighted images in comparison with the normal liver pattern, in the proton weighted images a weak decrease but also in some cases a weak increase of the signal; in the T2 weighted images they show signals of very great intensity. We can differentiate haemangioma of cystic lesions because of the very strong signal in the proton weighted images in comparison with the normal liver pattern, which we could not see in any other focal liver disease. Metastases and hepatoma produced low signal intensity in the T1 weighted image. The proton weighted and the T2 weighted images show signals with a slightly greater intensity compared with the normal pattern, i.e. a very good possibility to distinguish hepatoma and metastases from cystic lesions or haemangioma. The differentiation from hepatoma and metastases cannot be made with NMR up to now. We are also not able to differentiate the focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) from metastases. We used a 0.35 T supraconductive magnetic system.

Cysts↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear spin tomography in brain tumors. Evaluation of 40 confirmed cases].

Forty histologically confirmed primary and secondary cerebral tumours are described. These contained fifteen primary tumours, five adenomas of the hypophysis, four hamartomas or lipomas and craniopharyngiomas, three meningiomas and three vascular malformations. One malignant lymphoma, one chordoma and eight cerebral metastases were also included. In our series, the accuracy of CT and MR were the same, particularly since most patients coming for MR had abnormal CT findings. MR was superior in demonstrating vascular malformations and sometimes in the differential diagnosis of tumour versus infarct. MR is also more accurate in demonstrating the extent of a tumour and of infiltration, since it is possible to obtain images in several planes. Disadvantages of MR are related to the characterisation of primary brain tumours, since the signals from these tumours failed to show characteristic differences. Calcification cannot be recognised. In sixteen out of 36 patients, MR proved superior, whereas CT was superior in five. Tumour-related oedema was present in 18 cases and demonstrated by MR in seventeen. CT failed to differentiate tumour from oedema on one patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intracranial vascular malformations using proton spin tomography].

Eleven patients are described, nine of whom had angiomas and two/had aneurysms in the brain. Magnetic resonance tomography produced characteristic findings in all these patients. Angiomas typically show irregular margins with little or no surrounding oedema. Thrombosis is common and can be recognised by a reduction of T1 and prolongation of T2. Zones with high blood flow show reduced signal strength. In typical cases the lesion resembles a cauliflower. Enlarged draining veins could be recognised in five of the nine angiomas. Aneurysms, on the other hand, have a smooth configuration and it may be possible to demonstrate their connection to the vessels; signals arising from them are more homogeneous and less speckled. Their signal may be increased, reduced or absent, depending on blood flow. Angiomas and aneurysms may be associated with intracerebral bleeding. Magnetic resonance tomography is markedly superior to CT in diagnosing these lesions. Unlike CT, magnetic resonance tomography does not require the use of contrast media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Value of nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in lung tumors].

A total of 93 patients with pulmonary diseases were examined by means of magnetic resonance tomography. Of these, 39 had a bronchial neoplasm of varying histological structure and varying hilar and mediastinal extension. Compared with other imaging methods, magnetic resonance tomography offers advantages in the imaging of a malignant process and accurate definition of its spatial extension. MR and CT seem to be essentially of equal value in respect of the diagnostic problem of deciding whether lymph node metastases are present in the mediastinum and in the hilus. On the other hand, CT is presently still superior to MR with regard to verifying small-scale processes which are in the process of undergoing endobronchial growth, since CT provides better spatial resolution. Hence, in our opinion the special value of magnetic resonance tomography is the exact definition of the extension of an already identified neoplastic process. This method can supply accurate pointers towards the operability of a bronchial neoplasm. In this regard it is an ideal complement to mediastinoscopy. However, MR will not be an important tool--even in the foreseeable future--for effecting early diagnosis of a neoplasm. The value of diagnostic information supplied by this method may improve by the future use of breath triggering, and additional diagnostic advantages are envisaged by the use of contrast media and the future possibility of producing thinner layers. That is why the catalogue of indications prepared at this time should be seen as a kind of momentary snapshot which may have to be supplemented or extended after the prevailing technical and equipment parameters have undergone further optimisation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal tumor. Evaluation of personal results, consequences for irradiation technic].

In this paper we present our results of radiotherapy of thirty patients with nasopharyngeal tumour from 1960-1983. Before therapy, 19% of the cases were diagnosed as a T1 tumour, 57% of the patients showed a T3 or T4 tumour. In 24% of the patients, lymph node metastases could be recognised in pretherapeutic staging, whereas in 5% distant metastases were evident. In more than 50% of the cases tumour recurrence or metastases occurred within one year, in 47% of these patients there was local recurrence, in 35% lymph node metastases. The 5-year survival rate was 28%. Basing on an assessment of our results and considering the published data, we changed our radiotherapy technique to a large-field radiotherapy including the tumour region and the lymph vessels. The advantages of this technique and the possible side effects are discussed.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[NMR tomography in confirmed multiple sclerosis. An assessment of 21 cases].

The authors report on 21 cases of confirmed multiple sclerosis examined by both CT and magnetic resonance tomography. To safeguard the results, strict criteria were applied in accordance with the suggestions made by neurological work teams. Pathological lesions were seen in 20 patients; the MR image did not reveal anything abnormal in one case. On the average, 10.3 lesions were seen in the MR tomogram, whereas CT images showed on the average only 2.1 foci. The size and number of lesions in the MR tomogram were independent of the duration of the disease, the presented clinical symptoms, or the type of treatment at the time of examination. Evidently the sensitivity of MR tomography is very high in MS patients, but it has not yet been clarified to what extent this applies also to the specificity. Further research is mandatory. First experiences made by us show that lesions of a similar kind can also occur in diseases such as malignant lymphoma involving the brain, in vitamin B 12 deficiency syndrome, or encephalitis, and can become manifest in the MR tomogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear medicine and x-ray findings in Osler's disease of the lung].

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae (M. Osler) can usually be well demonstrated by radiological methods. In addition to a chest film and conventional tomography pulmonary angiography is frequently required to obtain a correct diagnosis. We had occasion to examine a patient by computed tomography and sequential scintigraphy. The arteriovenous fistulae could be well detected with both methods by the typical pharmacokinetics of contrast medium and radiopharmacon. By means of computed tomography moreover, the number, the site and the vascular pattern of fistulae could be shown. Sequential scintigraphy provides detailed information about the perfusion times of blood in the heart, fistulae and healthy lung segments.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography and computed tomography of the brain for detection of Wilson's disease].

The authors report on two woman patients with confirmed Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) who had neurological deficits and showed typical changes evident from laboratory data. Both computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography revealed degenerative changes in the basal ganglia, especially of the lenticular nucleus, MR showing these defects more clearly than CT. There was a noticeable symmetrical enhancement of signals in the lenticular nucleus which was particularly evident on the image basing on the T2 (spin-spin relaxation time constant) values. MR could be superior to CT with regard to showing up pathological changes in the basal ganglia. The future indication of MR could be the establishment of an exact correlation between clinical signs and symptoms on the one hand, and morphological findings on the other. Over and above this, it should be explored to what extent MR can already detect degenerative changes in the brain in primarily hepatic types of the disease even without prior neurological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Value of nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis and stage determination of urinary bladder neoplasms].

We arrived at the following conclusions in our study on the ranking of magnetic resonance tomography in diagnosis and staging of urinary bladder neoplasms: MR tomography possesses high sensitivity but only low specificity in diagnosing the local spread of the tumour. Sensitivity of MR seems to be better in respect of determining the paravesical tumorous spread, than that of other methods. However, it is not possible to determine the tumour status of a space-occupying growth. No advantages of MR over other methods, especially computed tomography, were seen in the examination of lymph node metastases in the minor pelvis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenum. Clinical picture and radiological findings].

The clinical and radiological features of primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenum are demonstrated by seven histologically confirmed cases. Clinically, obstruction develops following a prolonged uncharacteristic prodromal stage. The radiological findings resemble those of a carcinoma in any other part of the gastro-intestinal tract: polypoid filling defects, ulcers, mural thickening and loss of elasticity. The radiological method of choice is hypotonic duodenography. Sonography and CT are complimentary methods and are of use in postoperative follow-up.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Computer tomography of esthesioneuroblastoma].

Aesthesioneuroblastomas are rare malignant nasal tumours of neural origin. Clinical symptoms depend upon the extent of the lesion. Five cases of tomography visualised the tumours as non-homogeneous soft tissue masses in the nasal cavity and the ethmoid cells with a varying infiltration of the adjacent paranasal sinuses. Radical surgery and radiation therapy are recommended. CT should be an integral part of annual follow-up studies.

Adult↗