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Biomedical subjects

D W Kuhns

Publications and source records attributed to D W Kuhns.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Button battery ingestions.

Although ingestions of button batteries can have serious complications, the majority of these ingestions will be benign. Button batteries that lodge in the esophagus should be removed immediately by endoscopy. Other ingestions can be managed with observation at home unless symptoms develop. Weekly radiographic examinations should be done to follow the progression of the button battery in these patients. The expected threat of mercury toxicity has not materialized. Patients who ingest mercury-containing button batteries should undergo chelation therapy and monitoring of levels only if symptoms characteristic of mercury toxicity develop. Cathartics and water-soluble enemas, although not indicated for intact button batteries, may be useful in speeding transit of mercury if it is released into the bowel. Other metals present in button batteries appear to pose no health threat.

Algorithms

The use of sublingual nifedipine in a patient with a clonidine overdose.

We report the case of a 46-year-old woman who took approximately 8 mg of clonidine in a suicidal gesture. She arrived in the emergency department 45 min after the overdose with severe hypertension and an altered mental status. Nitroprusside, which is the drug of choice for treating this "paradoxical hypertension," was not readily available. The patient was treated with a total of 20 mg of nifedipine sublingually. This resulted in a rapid decline in her blood pressure and an improvement in her mental status. We review the toxicology of clonidine overdose and discuss its treatment.

Administration, Sublingual

Subacute acetaminophen overdose after incremental dosing.

A case of acetaminophen poisoning following the ingestion of 26 g of acetaminophen by incremental dosing over a 25-h period is reported. At presentation, seven h after the last ingestion, the patient experienced hematemesis, the acetaminophen level was 150 micrograms/mL, and the SGOT was normal. The patient recovered uneventfully following N-acetylcysteine therapy. A review of the pharmacology and toxicity of acetaminophen is discussed. The case illustrates the problems of judging hepatotoxic potential in a multiple-dose acetaminophen ingestion and describes the successful use of N-acetylcysteine in a patient with a "subacute" acetaminophen overdose.

Acetaminophen