[Advances in the education of medical history, spreading dialectical materialism].
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China↗
Biomedical subjects
D Zhang
Publications and source records attributed to D Zhang.
[Radioimmunodetection of human trophoblastic cancer xenograft in nude mice].
OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of radioimmunodetection to locate xenograft of human trophoblastic cancer in nude mouse. METHODS: Radioimmunodetection was performed with a cocktail of 131I-labeled mouse anti-hCG monoclonal antibodies to image xenogaft of human trophoblastic cancer in nude mice. Normal mouse IgG used to treat mice bearing trophoblastic cancer xenograft was used as control. Radioactivity in different tissues was measured and the tumor/non-tumor(T/NT) ratio was calculated. RESULTS: The accumulation of radioactivity in the xenograft could be recognized as early as 24 hours after the injection of the radiolabeled anti-hCG antibodies. Radioactivity accumulation became increasingly evident with time. At 72-96 hours after injection of the radiolabled antibodies, the xenograft could be clearly shown. The minimal size of the xenograft with demonstrable radioactively was 0.8 cm in diameter. The T/NT ratio increased with time and was obviously higher than that in mice treated with normal mouse IgG. CONCLUSION: Radioimmunodetection can efficiently locate human trophoblastic cancer xenograft in nude mice.
Animals↗
[Surgical treatment of esophageal leiomyosarcoma: a review of the literature and report of 11 cases].
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical biocharacteristics, diagnosis, operation and prognosis of esophageal leiomyosarcoma (ELS). METHODS: Clinical materials and follow-up results of 11 surgically treated ELS patients were analyzed. RESULTS: All 11 cases received radical resection of tumor. The 5-year survival rate was 54.5% (6/11). Grossly, two types of ELS were observed: the polyp form (4 cases) and invasive form (7 cases). The 5-year survival rate was 75.0% and 42.9%, respectively. Two patients died of local recurrence, another 2 cases died of distant metastasis. CONCLUSION: In patients with ELS surgically treated, prognosis of polyp form ELS is better than that of invasive form ELS. Local recurrence and distant metastasis are the major cause of death.
Adult↗
[Study of recurrence and metastasis after radical resection of carcinoma of the lung].
OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of recurrence and metastasis following radical resection of carcinoma of the lung. METHODS: A total of 1,229 cases of radically resected lung cancer was statistically analyzed using STATA software. The survival rate was estimated using life table method. Comparisons of survival in each group were made according to the log rank test. The differences in rate between groups was assessed by chi 2 test. RESULTS: Recurrence rate was found higher in squamous-cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma. It was also higher in sleeve resection and partial resection than in other resection modes (P < 0.05). The rate of lymph node metastasis was higher in adenocarcinomas than in squamous-cell carcinoma (P < 0.05). Lung, bone, brain, liver, subcutis, and adrenal glands were the common resorts of metastasis, in decreasing order of frequency. Metastatic rate was the lowest in squamous-cell carcinoma. Active therapy can still improve the survival even when recurrence and metastasis occurred. CONCLUSION: It is recommended to avoid partial resection for the invaded adjacent lobe whenever patient's condition can stand multilobectomy. It is necessary to assure resection margin length when sleeve resection is performed in order to reduce recurrence. Active therapy can improve survival of patients with recurrence and metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Gastric cancer in the young].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinico-pathological characteristics of young patients with gastric cnacer. METHODS: From January 1968 through January 1993, among 6098 gastric cancer patients admitted for surgical treatment, 312 (5.1%) were < 35 years of age. The clinico-pathological data of these young patients were reviewed and compared to those of patients in the other age groups. RESULTS: In this series of young patients, female predominated. Histologically, there were more cases with poorly differentiated (49.2%) and muco-cellular (26.6%) adenocarcinoma. The most common gross morphology observed was of Borrmann type III (38.1%) and type IV (36.9%). The mojority of patients (83.3%) were in TNM stage III and stage IV. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of young patients with gastric cancer surgically treated is poor. This is due to the fact that most of them are in late stage and their cancers are poor in differentiation rather than their young age. To increase the awareness of cancer in apparently healthy young persons is important for early diagnosis and treatment, and better prognosis.
Adult↗
[Primary esophageal small-cell carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical biocharacteristics of primary esophageal small-cell carcinoma (PESC) and factors influencing prognosis and to find rational surgical indications and combined therapy. METHODS: To analyse the clinical materials of 47 patients undergone operation with PESC compared with those of patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC) or primary esophageal adenocarcinoma (PEAC). RESULTS: The overal resectability, morbidity and 30-day mortality rate of PESC was 93.6%, 17% and 2.1%, respectively, being similar to those of ESCC or PEAC. TNM staging, lymph node metastasis were the major determinants influencing long-term survival. Tumor length, depth of tumor invasion and type of operation had little influence on long-term prognosis. The 5-year survival rate of PESC was 7.5%, which was much lower than that of ESCC and PEAC (P < 0.01). Among the 42 deceased patents, one died of anastomotic leakage and the others died of remote metastasis and recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy did no help improve patients long-term survival. CONCLUSION: Campared with ESCC and PEAC, PESC is the most malignent one with early lymphatic and hematogenous matastases and poor prognosis. Lymph node metastasis is the major factor influencing prognosis. Patients in stage 0, I and II a of PESC are indicated for surgical resection, while those in stage II b, III and IV should be managed with non-surgical combined therapy.
Aged↗
[Integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor in 21st century].
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Animals↗
[The role of mediastinoscopy for the diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenopathy and sarcoidosis].
OBJECTIVE: To find a effective method for diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenopathy and sarcoidosis of mediastinum. METHODS: Mediastinoscopy was conducted in patients who had enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on chest CT or MRI and were clinically suspected of either tuberculosis or sarcoidosis. Biopsy was done to obtain pathological diagnosis, and make therapeutic program. RESULTS: Of this series of 25 patients, 16 cases were pathologically diagnosed as tuberculous lymphadenopathy, representing 64% (hyperplastic tuberculosis 14 cases; caseous tuberculosis 2 cases); 8 cases were sarcoidosis, representing 32%; one case was difficult to tell tuberculosis from sarcoidosis microscopically, representing 4%. Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis were causes of benign enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes. They were hard to be differentiated from roentgnologically, sometimes even microscopically; and they might be confused with other malignant diseases, which can also cause the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes, such as lymphoma, metastatic malignancies, etc. Thus they were easily resulted in misdiagnosis. Of this series, the initial diagnosis of 21 cases were malignancies, representing 84%, two cases has even undergone chemotherapy at local hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes, mediastinoscopy is of great value. It was emphasized to make every effort to obtain definite pathological diagnosis before standard treatment.
Adolescent↗
[The relationship of lung function and heart function of RHD patients in different period].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of heart function and lung function in RHD patients. METHODS: We compared heart posterior-anterior film, lung function test results, PaO(2) and O(2) Sat of blood gas analysis before and after motion before operation, early postoperation, late postoperation, according to heart function and cardiothoracic ratio in 98 RHD patients. RESULTS: With worsening of heart function and enlargement of cardiothoracic ratio, lung function worsened too. PaO(2) and O(2) Sat did not change apparently. The lung function of early postoperation did not improve significantly. The lung function improved gradually with better heart function and shortening of heart in later postoperation. But small air way obstruction and diffuse function and function residue volume changed slowly. CONCLUSIONS: Heart function affects the lung function directly. They were positively correlated.
Adolescent↗
[Phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in high myopia].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in high myopia. METHODS: Phacoemulsification with implantation of a foldable IOL or a PMMA rigid IOL was performed on 28 eyes of 21 patients with senile, complicated or congenital cataracts through a 3.2 mm small scleral tunnel incision or through a 5.5 mm incision respectively. The average age of the patients was 51.32 years (21 - 70 years). The mean axial length was (27.56 +/- 1.21) mm (26.00 - 33.41 mm). The mean keratometry was (43.38 +/- 1.36) D (42.00 - 46.54 D). The mean diopter of IOL was (+ 9.59 +/- 3.65) D (+ 4.00 - + 15.00 D). RESULTS: Postoperatively, the uncorrected or corrected visual acuity 0.5 or better at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months was in 63.6%, 86.4%, 95.5% and 95.2% patients respectively; the patients having achieved the best visual acuity of 1.0 or better were accounted for 9.1%, 31.8%, 50.0% and 57.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification and the posterior chamber IOL implantation offers the advantages of rapid and better rehabilitation of visual acuity and more stabilization of postoperative astigmatism in patients with high myopia; whereas for eyes with the axial lengths over 30 mm, the recovery of the visual acuity was less satisfactory.
Adult↗
[Effect of manganese on the brain extrapyramidal development of rat offspring].
The effect of manganese (Mn) exposure on the behavior and extrapyramidal system of offspring were studied. Pregnant rats and their offspring in the experimental group were exposed to manganese from drinking water containing 2 g/L (low Mn-exposed group) or 10 g/L (high Mn-exposed group) of MnCl2 respectively. The latent period for running from the center field to any arm of Elevated Plus Arm Maze of both low and high Mn-exposed group was significantly reduced. But the latent period for reaching the platform above the water in Morris Water Maze of the Mn-exposed group was not different from that of control group. There was a significant increase in the areas, glial fibrillary acid protein(GFAP) immunoreactivity and the average proportional densities of GFAP-positive elements in nucleus caudate and accumbens in the high Mn-exposed group, and a significant reduction in the tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH) and average proportional densities of TH-positive elements in substantia nigra, ventral tegmentum area of midbrain and nucleus caudate in the high Mn-exposed group.
Animals↗
[A comparative study of different neuromuscular pedicle embedded in posterior cricoarytenoid muscle].
OBJECTIVE: To compare the results and effect of different neuromuscular pedicle (NMP) embedded in posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. METHOD: In 22 dogs, combined vocal cord paralysis models were made. The first group (10 dogs) were embedded by sternohyoid muscle pedicle of ansa cervicalis, the second (10 dogs), accessory sternocleidomastoid neuromuscular pedicle, the third (2 dogs), control group. RESULT: Evaluation was possible in 19 dogs. Reinnervation of the left posterior cricoarytenoid muscle occurred in 17 dogs following NMP. Return of spontaneous abduction in the operated side with NMP was noted after 4 months postoperatively. There was little difference between the two NMP groups. CONCLUSION: NMP was successful to reinnervate the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle.
Accessory Nerve↗
[Research of polymer coating in solid phase microextraction].
The solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a new extraction technique which has been developed rapidly in 1990s. It is a fast, simple, solventless and sensitive method for analyzing environmental samples. However, the solid phase materials of SPME are relatively limited. This paper presents the research work on a new type of solid phase, polymethylvinylsiloxane (PMVS), used in SPME. The phase with 1% vinyl content could be used in light curing. The PMVS solution was coated on the surface of silica fiber and was quickly cured by UV. Two fibers with 87 microns and 44 microns thick PMVS coatings were prepared. They were compared with commercial polymer coating SPME fibers through Headspace SPME Gas Chromatograph (HS-SPME-GC). The adsorption and desorption kinetics of PMVS were studied. The HS-SPME system was optimized and the differences between HS-SPME and HS were investigated as well. The results indicated that PMVS is efficient in extracting volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and PMVS showed the high thermostability and easy-coating properties. The detection limit of SPME using 88 microns PMVS coating was about 1-5 micrograms/L.
English Abstract↗
[Analysis of the relationship between the facial skin temperature and blood flow].
The relationship between the blood flow of temperal or facial artery and facial skin temperature was studied in 30 patients with facial nerve paralysis. The facial skin temperature was recorded by infrared thermography, and the blood flow was measured by ultrasonic Doppler flowetry. The results showed, in the same facial region, the greater the volume of blood flow was, the higher the skin temperature stood. After acupuncture on the facial points, the facial blood flow increased and the facial skin temperature rose. The ratios between the increase in facial skin temperature and the in increase in blood flow were 0.9538-1.2835(degrees:ml/second) in four facial regions. These indicate the presence of certain quantitative relationship between the facial blood flow and the skin temperature.
Adult↗
[Endoscopic pituitary tumor surgery by nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus].
OBJECTIVE: For reducing surgical trauma to patients of pituitary tumor. METHOD: 12 patients of pituitary tumor were treated with endoscopy by nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus under general anaesthesia. RESULT: Except one died of bleeding within cranial cavity after operation, the rest recovered smoothly without severe complications. During 7 months to one and half year follwing-up, the function of endocrine in 9 cases resumed to normal and 8 of their vision improved to some extent. CONCLUSION: The good illumination and clear visual field under endoscopy could improve the accuracy and security of operation and minimize the injury to normal tissue. But for large or recurrent tumors, this approach should be selected carfully.
Adult↗
[Study on cultivation of Dendrobium flexicaule by habitat imitation].
Dendrobium drug, a rare medicinal herb, reproduces differcut for growth environment to lead rare resources. By studying of cultivation for many many years in Fuliu mountain area, authors had found out the cultivated method simulating the habitat of wild Dendrobium flexicaule. The results could supply a basis for its development and utilization.
Conservation of Natural Resources↗
[Study on the molar absorption coefficients of Bi(III)-thiocyanate complexes in UV spectrum].
The absorption spectra of bismuth(II)-thiocyanate in the Tween-80-H2O solution were studied in this paper, in which the maximum wavelength lambdamax = 335 nm and the molar extinction coefficient epsilon335 = 2.61 x 10(4), similar to those of complexes of bismuth with PAR or azoarsenic(III), epsilon610 = 2.70 x 10(4). A new tribasic complex was found and used to explain that bismuth(III)-thiocyanate is a sensitive colour reaction in the Tween-80-H2O solution.
English Abstract↗
[Study on the thermodynamical molar absorptivity of the interaction of cobalt(II) and the histidine].
In this paper UV-Vis absorption spectrum of Cobalt(II) with the histidine and the thermodynamical molar absorptivity of the complex reaction were determined and the complexes of Cobalt(II) with the histidine were compared in terms of stability.
Absorption↗