Changes in intestinal motility, visceral sensitivity and minor mucosal inflammation after fasting therapy in a patient with irritable bowel syndrome.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Daisaku Tamura
Publications and source records attributed to Daisaku Tamura.
Decreased histamine H1 receptor binding in the brain of depressed patients.
The central histaminergic neuron system modulates the wakefulness, sleep-awake cycle, appetite control, learning and memory, and emotion. Previous studies have reported changes in neuronal histamine release and its metabolism under stress conditions in the mammalian brain. In this study, we examined, using positron emission tomography (PET) and [(11)C]-doxepin, whether the histaminergic neuron system is involved in human depression. Cerebral histamine H1 receptor (H(1)R) binding was measured in 10 patients with major depression and in 10 normal age-matched subjects using PET and [(11)C]-doxepin. Data were calculated by a graphical analysis on voxel-by-voxel and ROI (region of interests) basis. Binding potential (BP) values for [(11)C]-doxepin binding in the frontal and prefrontal cortices, and cingulate gyrus were significantly lower in the depressed patients than those in the normal control subjects. There was no area of the brain where [(11)C]-doxepin binding was significantly higher in the depressed patients than in the controls. ROI-based analysis also revealed that BP values for [(11)C]-doxepin binding in the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus decreased in proportion to self-rating depressive scales scores. The results of this study demonstrate that depressed patients have decreased brain H(1)R binding and that this decrease correlates with the severity of depression symptoms. It is therefore suggested that the histaminergic neuron system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression and that its modulation may prove to be useful in the treatment of depression.
Adult↗
[Non-erosive GERD].
Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is defined as those who have typical reflux symptoms without evidence of erosive changes in their lower esophageal mucosa. Symptoms should occur more than twice a week, and esophageal mucosa should be free from erosion. However, the differentiation from normal might be difficult because of the ambiguous definition. Pathophysiological mechanism on heartburn is not simply acidic stimuli to esophageal mucosa, but also esophageal distention, hypersensitive esophagus and/or exaggerate perception. NERD is not a simply milder form of reflux disease, because they have poor response to pharmacotherapy. Based on such evidence, newer concept for NERD is required.
Enzyme Inhibitors↗