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Biomedical subjects

E A Tkachenko

Publications and source records attributed to E A Tkachenko.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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[Circulation of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome among small mammals in the territory of the USSR].

Over 55,000 small mammals of 72 species trapped in 62 administrative territories practically in all landscape-geographical zones of the USSR were examined in 1980-1985. The use of current laboratory methods demonstrated a wide spread of HFRS virus in the territory of this country, involvement in the epizootic process of most species of forest and steppe murine rodents and insectivora. In each landscape zone, the main carriers of the HFRS agent were established, represented, as a rule, by the basic species having a high and stable population density.

Animals↗
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[Area and natural reservoirs of hemorrhagic fever virus with kidney syndrome in the Far East of the USSR].

Lungs of 9127 small mammals of 17 species trapped in Khabarovsk region, Magadan, Amur, and Sakhalin regions in 1982-1987 were examined, among them 11 species are reservoirs of HFRS virus. Most frequently infected are striped field mice and Japanese field mice, red voles and large-toothed red-backed voles which are the dominant species of the appropriate landscape formations. Circulation of two HFRS virus serotypes among small mammals was demonstrated. The main epidemiological role belongs to the striped field mouse in HFRS foci of the meadow-field type, and to Asiatic field mouse in forest foci in the territories examined.

Animals↗
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[Endemic foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the North-Western region of the European part of the USSR].

For the detection of specific antigens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus, examinations were carried out covering 8.061 animals of 23 species trapped in the Murmansk, Archangelsk, Vologda, Novgorod, Pskov, Leningrad regions, the Komi ASSR, Estonian SSR, Latvian SSR, and Lithuanian SSR in 1984-1987. Different activity and variable species-specific composition of animal virus carriers in the north, south, and west of the north-western region were demonstrated. Circulation of HFRS virus of the first, "eastern", serotype has first been detected in the European USSR.

Animals↗
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[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Penza Province].

The evidence of the existence of natural foci of HFRS in Penza region has first been presented on the basis of serological examinations of patients and normal population as well as HFRS virus antigen demonstration in the lung tissue of small mammals. An outbreak of HFRS among children in a pioneer camp is described. Aerogenic infection of the children contracted from HFRS virus-infected bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) living near the camp is assumed. The detection of HFRS antigen in 5 species of small mammals indicates the polyhostal nature of HFRS foci existing in the region.

Animals↗
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[Detection of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome on the territory of the Komi ASSR].

Natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) have been found for the first time in the Komi ASSR. The main source of the causative agent in this territory was Clethrionomys glareolus the average infection rate of which was 4.4% and in some areas as high as 22.6%. For the first time in the republic the portion of human population naturally immune to HFRS was determined, comprising 5.2% of the population. The immune structure of the population did not differ from that in other focal territories of the European part of the USSR.

Adolescent↗
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[Characteristics of the epizootic process in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

For the first time in the study of epizootology of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) in wild animals data are presented indicating certain relationship between true infection rate of bank voles with HFRS virus and the content of the circulating antigen of HFRS virus and antibody to this virus in these animals. Different age groups of animal populations were shown to have different intensity of immunity: it was more marked in animals of older age groups, and less in young animals. On the contrary, live virus was most frequently found in young animals. It has been shown that for successful isolation of the virus from bank voles it is necessary to take into consideration the characteristics of acute infection in rodents: the presence of HFRS virus antigen in their lung tissue and the lack of antibody to the virus in the blood.

Animals↗
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[Detection of foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Estonian SSR].

Examination by the enzyme-immunoassay of organs of 10 small mammal species trapped in different landscape zones of the Estonian SSR revealed the presence of HFRS virus antigen in organs of bank voles and field mice. Radioimmunoassay studies of serum specimens from donors demonstrated the presence of antibody to HFRS virus in 2.54% of those examined.

Adult↗
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[Detection of natural foci of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Georgian SSR].

The circulation of the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Georgia was studied. Altogether, 7,938 small mammals of 16 species trapped in 23 administrative areas of the republic were examined, and the specific antigen of HFRS virus was detected in 308 (3.8%). In serological examinations of 10 patients, antibody to HFRS virus was found in 4. Analysis of the above results indicates the existence of natural foci of HFRS in the Georgian SSR.

Animals↗
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[Exact determination of the eastern border of the European portion of the nosogeographic range of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

Radioimmunoassay was used for examinations of 21,488 serum specimens from the population of 145 areas of 8 regions and 2 republics. The immune portion comprised 8.8% to the west of the assumed border and 2.7% to the east (t = 20.7). Active natural foci of the infection were found in individual territories located to the east of the assumed border (areas of Saratov Province to the north of the Irgiz River, trans-Ural areas of Bashkiria, southern taiga areas of Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, and northwestern Omsk Provinces). The extreme eastern points of the endemic area are Tevriz, Tary, and Znamenskoe Districts of Omsk Province. The areas of Siberian forest steppe, the steppe areas of western Siberia and those on the left bank of the Volga (Zavolzhye) are free from the infection foci. Natural foci of infection were found in the taiga part of the Komi ASSR, whereas they were absent in the forest tundra zone.

Antibodies, Viral↗
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[Effectiveness of using cultured antigens for the serodiagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by the immunofluorescence method].

Clinical serological studies of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) demonstrated high effectiveness of indirect immunofluorescence procedure (IF) for serodiagnosis of this infection. The use of HFRS virus-infected VERO-E6 cells as the antigen for IF enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of the method as compared with the use of cryostatic sections of the lung tissue from wild rodents spontaneously infected with HFRS virus as the antigen. A technology for preparation of a polyvalent HFRS diagnosticum containing the antigens of two virus serotypes has been developed for serological diagnosis of HFRS in the European foci where the serological evidence of circulation of strains of serotypes 1 and 2 of HFRS virus pathogenic for man has been obtained. The specificity and sensitivity of detection of antibody to HFRS virus serotypes 1 and 2 by IF test using the polyvalent diagnosticum is equal to that in tests using individually tissue culture antigens of HFRS virus serotypes 1 and 2. It was found that in the patients' native sera antibodies of the IgM class are masked by antibodies of the IgG fraction, therefore the use of IF technique for detection of IgM antibody to HFRS virus aimed at early serological diagnosis of this infection is not effective.

Animals↗
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[Evaluation of the results of a direct solid-phase immunoenzyme method for determining antigens].

Aspects of an objective analysis of the results of solid-phase enzyme-immunoassay (SPEIA) for identification of antigens (a direct version) were considered on the model of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Using a statistical method, certain parameters of 11 types of polystyrene and polyvinylchloride microplates (solid carrier) of different manufacturers were studied from the point of view of their suitability for obtaining reproducible SPEIA results. Statistical methods for the evaluation of EIA data are proposed to increase the effectiveness of the use of this test and making it quite an objective one.

Animals↗
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[Indirect immunoenzyme method for the laboratory diagnosis of Lassa and Ebola hemorrhagic fevers].

Conditions for performing solid-phase indirect enzyme-immunoassay (SPEIA) for the detection of Lassa and Ebola virus antigens and antibodies to them using horseradish peroxidase-labeled antispecific globulins were developed. The method is highly sensitive, specific, and reproducible. By this method, antigens of Lassa and Ebola viruses could be detected in tissue culture fluid of the infected cell cultures and in animal organ suspensions. Detection of antibodies to Lassa and Ebola viruses in human convalescent sera and in normal donors by means of SPEIA opens possibilities for its use in large-scale diagnostic and seroepidemiological surveys.

Animals↗
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[Stratum of the population of the Bashkir ASSR with natural immunity to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

Natural immunity to hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) in the human population of the Bashkir ASSR having the highest incidence of this infection was first studied using radioimmunoassay. The antigen was a suspension of lungs of rodents from natural foci containing high antigen titres. When 1726 human sera from 8 districts and 2 towns were examined, antibodies to HFRS were found in 20.1%, with variations from 6.9% to 41.5% in different territories. No relationship between the percentage of immune subjects and average incidence values for 17 years was found. In the immune population, men accounted for 21.3%, women for 19.3%. Among subjects under 40, the immune stratum was lower (17.5%) than among older subjects (26.2%). The percentage of immunity was found to depend on the occupation of the population. No significant difference in immunity could be found in persons with different blood groups. Antibody in HFRS convalescent was shown to persist in high titres for up to 20 years after the onset of the disease.

ABO Blood-Group System↗